First, from the reason of the battle between the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou. Why did Huangdi and Chiyou fight? This is the premise of discussing the battle of Zhuolu. According to many historical records, the purpose of this war is to fight for territory or the throne. However, from a historical perspective, this statement is untenable. Four or five thousand years ago, our ancestors were in the era of hunting and gathering, and human beings' ability to transform nature was very limited, and they could only reap the benefits of nature. Among the life-sustaining factors, nature endowed primitive ancestors with abundant wild animals and plants, and all kinds of prey and natural plants can be said to have everything. However, salt, which is very important for maintaining life, is hard to get. Moreover, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, where China ancestors broke ground, are not close to the sea, and the conditions for salt production are not mature. However, God gave natural salt to the land east of the river. Cooking doesn't need manpower, only depends on the exposure of the sun and the south wind of Zhongtiao Mountain. The extended meaning of the word "repeated, endless" also reflects the naturalness of salt. In addition, from the original meaning of the word Shuo Wen Jie Zi: "Hedong Yanchi is 51 Li, Qiliguang is 16", which refers to Yuncheng Yanchi. All these reflect the historical position of salt in Hedong and the ancient people's dependence on it (in fact, the importance of salt has never changed. In the Han Dynasty, Sang Hongyang was in charge of the production of salt and iron, and wrote The Theory of Salt and Iron, which was the main reason why Hedong became the capital of Yao, Shun and Yu. In the era of the Yellow Emperor before Yao, Shun and Yu, they naturally relied more on Hedong salt, and the Huangdi tribe naturally took Hedong as a foothold and controlled the salt pond. However, all ancestors needed salt, including Yan Di tribe, Chiyou tribe and other tribes. In this context, the battle between Yanhuang and Chiyou became inevitable, but the results were different. The battle between Yanhuang and Chiyou led to the national integration of the two tribes. The battle between Yanhuang and Chiyou led to Chiyou's murder. The Chiyou tribe was leaderless, and the people were struggling. Some of them merged into Yanhuang clan, while others tended to other parties.
Second, from the word "Zhuolu". "Zhuolu" is different from the present Zhuolu in Hebei, and its location should be in the Yanchi area of Hedong. Before this experiment, it is necessary to explain and discuss the territory of Yan, Huang and Chiyou. According to textual research, it has become an indisputable fact that the territory of Yan Di is in Shanggaoping Yangtou Mountain. Although there are various opinions about the territory of the Yellow Emperor, it can be seen from the inheritance and capital construction of Yao Shunyu that the territory of the Yellow Emperor is also in Hedong area. As for Chiyou, it is said that he is from Jiuli, and his territory should also be in Hedong area. Judging from the evolution of the glyphs of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions and seal script, the original meaning of the word "Ji" is a dance symbolizing wearing a horn mask and feet in the shape of animal claws-later called "Chiyou Opera", and this kind of Chiyou Opera, which later evolved into "stumbling", is actually not only in Zhuolu, Hebei, but also in Shanxi, especially in Jinzhong. In Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Xu Shen interprets "Ji" as "North"; Erya is interpreted as "Jizhou between the two rivers"; Lu Chunqiu recorded: "Jizhou and Jin are between the two rivers." Mr. Gu Jiegang asserted in The Evolution of Country and Yue: "Jizhou was originally from Ji, and Ji was destroyed by Jin, so Ji was called Jin." According to documents, ancient Jizhou refers to the east, north and west of the Yellow River, and Hedong and Shangdang are all in it, but it does not necessarily include the present Zhuolu. Ancient Jizhou refers to the Hedong area with Yanchi as the center. There must be inheritance or connection between Jizhou and ancient Jizhou in Hejin City today. In this case, this kind of "copper-headed human-god" will also live around or just in Hedong. From the analysis, Yan, Huang and Chiyou actually lived in the same living area in ancient times, and the competition around the East Yanchi, a treasure house of geomantic omen, became a natural thing.
Where's Yi? The article "Pinmai" records: "At the beginning of the past, after the second life, it was an architectural code. Chi Di was ordered to be divided into two ministers, Chiyou was ordered to go to Shaogao, and he was sent to all directions ... Chiyou was the emperor, and he was the Zhuolu River with nine horns. Chi Di was in awe of the Yellow Emperor. Hold Chiyou and kill Zhongyu. " From this narrative, we can draw the following points: ① Chiyou once chased the emperor; (2) Strive for Zhuolu River; Chiyou was killed in CIMC. The purpose of Chiyou's pursuit of the emperor is obviously to seize the salt pond, but what does Zhuolu mean? The author thinks that Zhuolu should actually "drive it with brine", which means driving the brine out, that is, the salt pond. Historical records? "Biography of Huo Zhi" said: "Shandong eats sea salt and Shanxi eats brine." Duan Yucai's Shuo Wen Jie Zi? "Salt Department" said: "Salt, halogen also. Raw brine, life salt ",that is, Xu Shen refers to" raw ". Later, the word "chasing brine" evolved into the word "Zhuolu", which turned Chiyou's "fighting for brine" out of the salt pond into "fighting for deer". At the same time, The Battle of Zhuolu reflects the battle of the Yellow River in Yanchi, which is consistent with the legend that another historical figure was buried in fenglingdu after the wind, fearing that the remnants of Chiyou would make a comeback and guard the southwest gate.
Third, it comes from folklore. In the land of Sanjin, especially in southern Shanxi, southeastern Shanxi and Jinzhong, there are many legends about ancient history. Here are a few examples:
According to "Anyi County Records", "Chiyou Village offers Chiyou". This Chiyou Village is Cong Shan Village in Dongguo Township at the foot of Zhongtiao Mountain, about two miles southeast of Yanchi. Formerly known as Chiyou Village, it was later renamed, meaning "turning evil into good". It is the tomb of Chiyou in the village. It shows that the origin of Chiyou village is unusual, and it also reflects that Chiyou has at least been active here. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo recorded in Meng Qian Bi Tan: "Xuanyuan slaughtered Chiyou in the field of Zhuolu, and the blood turned into brine, which made the whole world eat it. There is Chiyou City in the south of this pool, which is said to be its burial place. " "Solution state Shao Ze Fang Shili. After a long rain, the water of four mountains has never overflowed; The drought has not disappeared. The halogen color is red, which is commonly known as human-god blood in the wild of Hanquan. " Shen Kuo's records didn't come out of thin air, but they were definitely taken from legends or historical records of the Song Dynasty. Xie Xian County in Hedong was not established until the Han Dynasty, not far from Yanchi. Legend has it that this place is called Xie Xian because it was here that the Yellow Emperor cut off Chiyou's head and dismembered his body after he caught Chiyou. Shuo Wen Jie Zi explains "Xie" and says: "Xie, the judge also."
There is a legend in Gaoping, southeast of Shanxi: there is a "horse-changing village" in Gaoping, which is one mile away from Yandiling, Yangtou Mountain. It is said that Yan Di went to Yangtoushan to collect medicine to save his relatives, and he was poisoned 70 times a day. Once, a kind of Herba Lysimachiae Chinensis made Yan feel unbearable pain and could not ride a horse, so she had to dismount and carry it away, so this place was called "Huanma Village". After a long walk, people found that Emperor Yan's condition was different and called for help, but Emperor Yan was so ill that he didn't even have the strength to respond. This place was called "No", and later it was homophonic as "Beiying Village", which is now "Beiying Village". Emperor Yan died in the "North Camp", and people carried him to a ravine for burial. This ravine is called "Wolong Bend" and the burial place is called "lizhuang village". Yan Di's wife comes from Changzhen village, four miles from lizhuang village. She gave birth to three sons and a daughter for "Jingwei" Yan Di. So far, there is another custom in Changzhen Village that is different from other places. On the day of praying for rain in the drought, other villagers can only burn incense respectfully and pray for Emperor Yan. Only people in Changzhen Village, relying on the family of Emperor Yan Zhang Yue, actually carried the statue of Emperor Yan into the yard and exposed it in the sun for three days, forcing him to control the burning fire and rain on the earth.
In Shanxi Nuo Opera with a long history, there is still a traditional play Xuanyuan Zhan Chiyou. Twenty-four performers, dressed as soldiers of the Yellow Emperor, set out to attack and defeat Chiyou. Actors wear masks to represent the battle between the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou. This play is popular in the north of Shouyang County.
There are many legends about the ancient history of Shanxi, and just a few here are enough to prove that Hedong is the glory of the whole history of south-central Shanxi. These legends reflect the historical relics of Gu Yan, Huang and Chi You.
Hedong Yanchi was once the cradle of Chinese ancestors. In this land, generation after generation has created historical glory and nurtured splendid national culture. Hedong Salt Lake can be said to be the root of Chinese nation.