Air conditioning also has principles when it is running. The principles of air conditioning, refrigeration and heating are not much different. Everyone should know that refrigerants are used in the operation of air conditioners, and all components of air conditioners are cooled and heated by acting on refrigerants. The following is a detailed explanation of the working principle of air conditioning that I have compiled. Welcome to reading.
Refrigeration principle
Although the refrigeration principle and heating principle of air conditioning are the same to some extent, they are just the opposite in some details. In the schematic diagram of air conditioning, let me first introduce the principle of air conditioning refrigeration.
1. During the operation of the air conditioner, the compressor will compress the gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and then deliver it to the condenser;
2. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant will dissipate heat through the condensation of the condenser and become a low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid. At this time, the heat emitted by the refrigerant will be exhausted by the fan through the outdoor unit;
3. Refrigerant that has turned into liquid enters the capillary of the air conditioner through the pipeline, is throttled by the capillary, and then is delivered to the evaporator of the air conditioner;
4. The evaporator space of air conditioner is large. When the refrigerant enters the evaporator through a narrow capillary, it will absorb heat quickly. At this time, the indoor temperature will gradually decrease. When the refrigerant becomes isothermal and isobaric gas again, it will enter the compressor again and work circularly.
Heating principle
We all know that air conditioners can heat up besides cooling. I have introduced the refrigeration principle of air conditioner above, and then I will introduce how air conditioner heats.
1. The initial steps of air conditioning heating are the same as the refrigeration principle. The compressor compresses the refrigerant into high temperature and high pressure gas, and then delivers it to the condenser.
2. When the refrigerant reaches the condenser, its working principle will change to some extent. There is a four-way valve in the air conditioner. When the air conditioner is heating, the four-way valve will change the cooling direction of the air conditioner. The refrigerant in the condenser condenses to dissipate heat. At this time, the heat emitted will not be discharged by the outdoor unit, but will be sent to the room through the air duct through the rotation of the fan, thus increasing the indoor temperature;
3. After the heat dissipation of the condenser is completed, it is sent to the capillary of the air conditioner through the pipeline for throttling and decompression, and then sent to the evaporator of the air conditioner;
4. The condensing agent evaporates in the evaporator to absorb heat. At this time, the heat it absorbs is not the heat at indoor temperature, but the heat outside. This is why when we stand next to the outdoor unit of the air conditioner in winter, we will feel cold air blowing out.
Different types of air-conditioning products have different working principles in the working process. After I briefly introduced the refrigeration and heating principle of air conditioner, let's take a look at the working principle of mobile air conditioner in air conditioner products.
The biggest feature of mobile air conditioner is that it is very flexible and convenient to use. It can be moved at will and used in different rooms. The condenser used in the mobile air conditioner is a water-cooled condenser. In the air conditioner, a small water pump is installed in its water tank, which can send the water in the air conditioner to the diffuser above the condenser, and then spray the water evenly on the finned tubes of the condenser through the diffuser. At this time, the water is vaporized after absorbing heat, and the evaporated steam will be discharged out of the room through the exhaust hose.
Which is better, central air conditioning or split air conditioning?
Look at the preliminary preparation
An architectural installation
Household central air conditioning must be wired before construction, and must be designed according to the specific situation of the room type before construction. Moreover, the family central air conditioning system is a concealed project, and only by fully cooperating with the decoration design can we achieve good decoration effect. Therefore, the installation technology of household central air conditioning is very high.
The split air conditioner can be installed after construction. As long as the user determines the installation position of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit, the installer will install them and connect the indoor and outdoor units with refrigerant copper pipes.
Double ratio aesthetic effect
The central air conditioning pipes and equipment are hidden in the ceiling, which can closely cooperate with the decoration construction to achieve various desired effects, so that the decoration of rooms with different functions can be arranged in various shapes without affecting the appearance at all.
The air-cooled outdoor unit of split air conditioner must be hung on the external wall or installed on the outdoor ground, which affects the external decoration effect, while the indoor unit has to be hung on the internal wall or placed on the ground, occupying the indoor space, invisibly reducing the use area of the room and possibly affecting the decoration effect.
Three-ratio procurement cost
Central air conditioning is a product that has gradually entered the China market in recent years, and its cost is relatively high, so the purchase cost is higher than that of bulk air conditioning.
Split air conditioning has been popular in China for a long time. Although the quality and use effect are not as good as that of central air conditioning, the price is its biggest advantage.
See the use effect
Compare air conditioning effect
Central air conditioning can make every room warm in winter and cool in summer, and ventilate in spring and autumn. Staying in the air-conditioned room for a long time is easy to catch cold and other air-conditioning diseases, while the central air conditioner can adjust the average temperature of the whole room, avoiding the human discomfort caused by other split machines.
Split air conditioning is limited, and it will be hot when it is cold. And it is difficult to ensure that every room can be equipped with split air conditioning. Because the connecting pipe between indoor unit and outdoor unit of split air conditioner is generally 3m long and the longest is 5m, it is difficult to ensure the installation distance between indoor unit and outdoor unit is less than 5m in some rooms due to conditions. If it exceeds 5m, the effect of split air conditioning is not very good.
Double specific air quality
Central air conditioning can reasonably supplement fresh air, cooperate with the exhaust of kitchen and bathroom, ensure the freshness and hygiene of indoor air, and can also ventilate all the year round to meet the health requirements of human body.
Split air conditioning can't send fresh air, so it is difficult to ensure the freshness of air in air-conditioned rooms. If you open the doors and windows for ventilation, you will lose a lot of cold or heat, which will not only affect the room temperature, but also waste energy.
Three specific power consumption
Many people will question the use cost of central air conditioning and worry that its power consumption will be much higher than that of bulk air conditioning. Let's give an intuitive example. In the same room type and the same area, when the air conditioners in all rooms are turned on at the same time, the power consumption of the central air conditioner will be much less than that of the body air conditioner, and the larger the area, the more rooms there are, and the more electricity will be saved.
Split air conditioners are relatively energy-saving when used alone. So saving electricity or consuming electricity depends on your family and specific room type's demand for air conditioning and the pursuit of using effect.
See post-maintenance
Than routine maintenance.
Central air conditioning, whether it is air conditioning unit and return air duct system, or room fan coil unit and fresh air system, is not easy to break down, while refrigeration equipment is located in refrigeration station, which is convenient for maintenance.
Split air conditioners can be seen everywhere. There are not only a large number of refrigeration compressors, but also most of them are hung on the external walls. If they are broken, it is difficult to repair them one by one.
Double specific service life
The service life of central air conditioner is 20-30 years.
The service life of split air conditioner is 8- 10 years.
How does the air conditioner work?
After the air conditioner is electrified, the low-pressure steam of refrigerant in the refrigeration system is sucked by the compressor, compressed into high-pressure steam, and then discharged into the condenser. At the same time, the outdoor air sucked by the axial fan flows through the condenser, taking away the heat released by the refrigerant and condensing the high-pressure refrigerant vapor into high-pressure liquid.
The high-pressure liquid is injected into the evaporator after passing through the filter and throttling mechanism, and evaporates at the corresponding low pressure to absorb the surrounding heat. At the same time, the cross-flow fan makes air continuously enter the fins of the evaporator for heat exchange, and sends the cooled air after heat release to the room. In this way, the indoor air continuously circulates and flows to achieve the purpose of cooling down.
freeze
Liquid vaporization refrigeration uses the heat absorption of liquid vaporization and the heat release of condensation to realize refrigeration. Liquid evaporates to form steam. When the liquid is in a closed container, there is no other gas except the liquid and the vapor generated by the liquid itself, and the liquid and vapor will reach equilibrium under a certain pressure. At this time, the gas is called saturated steam, the pressure is called saturated pressure, and the temperature is called saturated temperature.
When the liquid is in equilibrium, it will no longer evaporate. At this time, if a part of steam is pumped out of the container, the liquid will inevitably continue to vaporize to generate a part of steam to maintain this balance. When a liquid vaporizes, it absorbs heat, which is called latent heat of vaporization.
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What is the working principle of air conditioning?
Nowadays, many people have air conditioners at home, which can be said to be one of the common appliances in summer. Although many people use air conditioners at home, most people don't know how air conditioners work. Do you know how the air conditioner works? Air conditioning can generally be divided into cooling and heating. Today, let's learn about the working principle of air conditioners and see what principle the air conditioners we usually use operate on. Friends who want to know the working principle of air conditioning can have a look.
Working principle:
1, air conditioners are divided into single-cooling air conditioners and dual-use air conditioners, and their working principles are the same. Freon is the most commonly used refrigerant in air conditioners. The characteristic of freon is that it releases a lot of heat when it changes from gas to liquid. When it changes from liquid to gas, it will absorb a lot of heat. Air conditioning is designed according to this principle.
2. The compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then sends it to the condenser to dissipate heat, which becomes liquid refrigerant at normal temperature and high pressure, so the outdoor unit blows out hot air. And then enters a capillary tube and enters an evaporator. Because the space suddenly increases and the pressure decreases after the refrigerant reaches the evaporator from the capillary, the liquid refrigerant will vaporize and become a low-temperature gaseous refrigerant, thus absorbing a lot of heat, and the evaporator will become cold. The fan of the indoor unit blows out indoor air from the evaporator, so the indoor unit blows out cold air. Water vapor in the air will condense into water droplets when it meets a cold evaporator and flow out along the water pipe, which is why air conditioners produce water.
3. When heating, there is a component called the four-way valve, which makes the refrigerant flow in the condenser and evaporator in the opposite direction to that during refrigeration, so when heating, cold air is blown outdoors and hot air is blown indoors. In fact, it is based on the principle of heat removal during liquefaction and heat absorption during vaporization, which is used in junior high school physics.
4. Working principle of environmental protection air conditioner: The water in the water tank is continuously pumped out by the circulating water pump and evenly sprayed on the evaporation filter layer through the water distribution system. Outdoor hot air enters the evaporative cooling medium and fully exchanges heat with the water in the evaporative cooling medium CELdek. The cool and clean air cooled by water evaporation is pressurized and sent into the room by a low-noise fan, so that the hot air in the room is discharged to the outside, thus achieving the purpose of cooling the room.
The above is the introduction of the working principle of air conditioning. The working principle of air conditioner is very simple. Air conditioners generally use external compressors and internal compressors to produce refrigeration effect. Air conditioners generally have freon, which is a kind of refrigerant and is compressed and cooled outside the air conditioner. When we choose air conditioners, we can choose some inverter air conditioners. The working principle of inverter air conditioners is similar, but inverter air conditioners have an inverter compressor, which is a better type of air conditioners.
Working principle of air conditioner
The working principle of the air conditioner is: after the air conditioner is electrified, the low-pressure steam of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system is sucked by the compressor, compressed into high-pressure steam and then discharged into the condenser. At the same time, the outdoor air sucked by the axial fan flows through the condenser, taking away the heat released by the refrigerant and condensing the high-pressure refrigerant vapor into high-pressure liquid.
The high-pressure liquid is injected into the evaporator after passing through the filter and throttling mechanism, and evaporates at the corresponding low pressure to absorb the surrounding heat. At the same time, the cross-flow fan makes air continuously enter the fins of the evaporator for heat exchange, and sends the cooled air after heat release to the room. In this way, the indoor air continuously circulates and flows to achieve the purpose of cooling down.
The purpose of air conditioning
1, cooling down
In the design and manufacture of air conditioners, it is generally allowed to control the temperature between 16~32℃. If the temperature is set too low, on the one hand, it will increase unnecessary power consumption; on the other hand, when the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is too large, people can't adapt to the temperature change quickly when entering and leaving the room, and it is easy to catch a cold.
Step 2 remove moisture
Air conditioning is accompanied by dehumidification in the refrigeration process. The relative humidity of the comfortable environment should be around 40~60%. When the relative humidity is too high, such as above 90%, people still feel bad even if the temperature is within the comfortable range.
Step 3 raise the temperature
Both heat pump and electric air conditioner have the function of heating. The heating capacity gradually decreases with the decrease of outdoor ambient temperature, and it can hardly meet the heating requirements at -5℃.
Step 4 purify the air
The air contains a certain amount of harmful gases such as NH3 and SO2, as well as various smells such as sweat, body odor and toilet odor. The purification methods of air conditioning include fresh air, filtration, adsorption and absorption by activated carbon or photocatalyst, etc. A. Fresh air: The indoor humid air is exhausted to the outside by the fan system, so that a certain degree of negative pressure is formed in the room, and fresh air enters the room through the gaps in the surrounding doors and windows, thus improving the indoor air quality. B photocatalyst: it can be regenerated under the irradiation of light, releasing harmful substances such as adsorbed ammonia, nicotine, acetic acid and hydrogen sulfide, and can be reused.
5. Increase the concentration of negative air ions.
The concentration of charged particles in the air will affect human comfort. Installing negative ion generator on air conditioner can increase the negative ion degree of air and make the environment more comfortable, which has certain medical effect on lowering blood pressure and inhibiting asthma.
What is the working principle of air conditioning?
Working principle: air conditioning is divided into single cooling air conditioning and cold heating air conditioning, and the working principle is the same. Freon used to be the common refrigerant in air conditioning.
The characteristic of freon is that it releases a lot of heat when it changes from gas to liquid. When it changes from liquid to gas, it will absorb a lot of heat. Air conditioning is designed according to this principle.
The compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then sends it to the condenser to dissipate heat, which becomes liquid refrigerant at normal temperature and high pressure, so the outdoor unit blows out hot air.
And then enters a capillary tube and enters an evaporator. Because the space suddenly increases and the pressure decreases after the refrigerant reaches the evaporator from the capillary, the liquid refrigerant will vaporize and become a low-temperature gaseous refrigerant, thus absorbing a lot of heat, and the evaporator will become cold.
When heating, there is a component called four-way valve, which makes the refrigerant flow in the condenser and evaporator in the opposite direction to that during refrigeration, so when heating, cold air is blown to the outside and hot air is blown to the room.
In fact, it is based on the principle of heat removal during liquefaction and heat absorption during vaporization, which is used in junior high school physics.
Extended data:
The specific principle of refrigeration:
1, refrigeration principle
Refrigerant will evaporate at low temperature and low pressure, resulting in cold effect; And condense at normal temperature and high pressure to release heat to surrounding environment or cooling medium. Steam condenses at normal temperature and high pressure to become a high-pressure liquid.
It is also necessary to reduce the pressure to the evaporation pressure before entering the container. The liquid vaporization refrigeration cycle consists of four processes: working medium vaporization, steam pressurization, high-pressure steam condensation and high-pressure liquid decompression.
2. Heating principle
The low-pressure gas sucked by the compressor is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the compressor, and the high-temperature gas raises the water temperature through the heat exchanger, and at the same time, the high-temperature gas will condense into liquid.
The liquid enters the evaporator and evaporates. After passing through the evaporator, it becomes low-pressure and low-temperature gas, which is sucked and compressed by the compressor again.
In this way, the circulating water on the air conditioning side will become hot water of about 45-55 degrees. The hot water is sent to the room that needs heating through the pipeline, and the room is equipped with a fan coil unit, so that the hot water can exchange heat with the air to achieve the purpose of heating.
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