When Genghis Khan was on the Western Expedition, he sent Zhe Bie and Subutai to pursue King Mohammedan and Zhe Bie who had marched into Chincha. This is the first time that the Mongolian army has used troops on the Qincha grassland.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/220, Zhe Bie and Subutai entered Byzantium (Azerbaijan) in asir from northern Iran, approaching their capital Li Tao Temple (now Tabrizi, East Azerbaijan, Iran). Its leader didn't know that he couldn't be an enemy, so he sent people to offer money and livestock for peace. The Mongolian army left and spent the winter in Mugan grassland (also known as Mugan, south of Alasi River in Azerbaijan today) on the west bank of Caspian Sea.
122 1 At the beginning, the Mongolian army entered the valley only (Georgia). Defeated his defenders, but because the Linmi Road in his territory was dangerous and difficult to pass, he immediately retreated and went to Li Tao Temple. After suppressing the resistance in Hamadan City, he re-entered the Li Tao Temple.
1222, from Li Tao Temple to the north, re-entered Gurcai, and defeated Gurcai to defend the border troops. Moved to Sheriwang (also defeated) and attacked its capital Shamaha (now the Shema River in Azerbaijan); Make progress in Erban (now Dagger Stan Autonomous Region * * * and Gogil Bent), then cross Taihe Ridge (Caucasus Mountain) and enter Azu.
People, Qincha people area. Asu and Chincha are at war, and the two sides are deadlocked. The Mongols designed to break up the alliance between Alan and Chincha and break them one by one. At that time, the Mongols informed Qincha humanity: "We belong to the same tribe and clan as you, and the Arameans are our dissidents. Let's conclude a non-aggression agreement. If you want gold and clothes, we will give them to you, and you (Arameans) will leave them to us. " They gave Qin Cha people a lot of property, and Qin Cha people went back. The Assyrians lost their alliance and were defeated by the Mongols.
Qincha people believe in the concluded peace treaty and return to their respective regions. However, the Mongols suddenly attacked them by surprise, defeated the Qincha people, regained the things given to them, occupied the Qincha grassland, and forced the Qincha people to flee. The leader of a tribe in Chincha suddenly fled to Khrushchev and asked his father-in-law Khrushchev garrick for help. Garrick stepped forward and joined forces with Kiev and other southern Russian vassal states to form Khrushchev-Khrushchev alliance to fight against Mongolia.
The Mongolian army did not want to go to war with Ross after learning that the princes of Ross were going to help Chincha. They sent peace messengers to Ross, but the princes of Voros killed the Mongolian messengers and launched an attack on the Mongolian army. The Mongolian army saw that the Russian army was powerful and took the initiative to retreat, but the Russian army followed closely. During this period, the Mongols sent the second batch of envoys. In addition to condemning them for killing the emissary, they were also asked to give up the pursuit, but the Coalition forces still refused to accept it. In the first confrontation, the Russian army won a small victory. Garrick's Mzislav and Warren's Daniel crossed the Dnieper River and repelled the Mongolian vanguard in the east. Two small victories made them despise the enemy. They left the Allies and made rapid progress in greed. 1June, 223, they met the main force of Mongolia in Aliji River, and the two sides launched a fierce battle. In the face of the powerful attack of "Tatars with powerful weapons and iron discipline" (as Russians call Mongols), the weakness of the Russian Coalition forces' lack of unified command and unified will is exposed. Garrick and Warren failed to meet the Mongols, and the Chincha fled backward, disturbing the Russian infantry behind them. Kiev hastily camped on the mountain beside the Aliji River, watched garrick's pro-army fall and refused to send troops to help. The result was defeated by the Mongolian army one by one and forced to surrender. The Russian army was wiped out, the surrendered prince was hanged, and only garrick and his remnants were able to escape. This is the famous battle of Aliji River, which led to the conquest and slavery of Volo by Mongols.
Because the purpose of Su Butai's trip was not to fight against Ross, he lacked understanding of Ross's situation and was eager to return to Li, so he did not go further into the hinterland of Ross, but marched south to the Crimean peninsula, occupied the Quick Answer Black City on the south bank of the peninsula, and defeated Voros and the Qincha Coalition forces who came to help the Qincha people. Then he joined forces with Genghis Khan through the Caspian Sea and the northern shore of the Black Sea and returned to the Mongolian grassland.
When Zhe Bie and northern Jiangsu marched straight into Xinjiang, Shu Chi also returned to his Uighur homeland after Yulong Jiechi was captured. 1223, Genghis Khan was called to see him during his crusade. Shu Chi refused to go, Genghis Khan was furious and ordered Chahetai and Wokuotai to lead the troops to catch him. Later, it was reported that Shu Chi died of illness, so he sent his younger brother to visit Jinchi to deal with Shu Chi's funeral, and determined that Badou, the second son of Shu Chi, was the heir of Ulurus.
The contact and confrontation with Ross contributed to the greed and expansion ambition of Mongolian nobles. After Batou took over Urullus, he urged him to fight Ross in order to expand his rule. After Wokuotai acceded to the throne, Mongolia once again sent troops to the Volga River to Qincha and Sakhin (now the lower reaches of the Volga River). The Qincha people sought help from non-Rychal people (living in the Volga River valley centered on Kazan), and the Mongolian army defeated the non-Rychal people and forced them to retreat. The expedition was a tentative military action, and the Mongols collected the necessary information and took the initiative to send troops.
In the sixth year of Yuan Taizong (1234), Badou was first sent to Chincha, Azu and Voros. In the seventh year (1235), Wokuotai once again called Huliletai and decided to conquer the above areas on a large scale. Wokuotai even intends to lead the troops himself. After discussion by the clan king, it was decided that the expedition would be led by the Uighur Rus and the eldest son of each clan, so it was also called "the eldest son expedition".
The chiefs who participated in this expedition were: Mungo, the eldest son of Tuo Lei, and Bozhuo, his younger brother; Wokuotai's eldest son Gui You, younger brother He Dan and grandson Haidu; Baidal, son of Chagatai, and his grandson are absent; Shu Chi's sons Batu, Walda, Ban, Bierg and Genghis Khan's illegitimate son Kuolejian, etc. Badou, commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force, served as commander-in-chief of the general in northern Jiangsu, fighting for the unified army, with about150,000 soldiers.
Before Huli Letai convened, Badou had been ordered to advance by Wokuo Terrace. According to the resolution of the General Assembly, the kings and generals who participated in the expedition in the spring of 1236 set off quickly. Autumn, when I hear it, I will join forces with Ba Dou. After consultation, according to the decision, they led their troops to advance to their respective goals. Badou successfully conquered Malays (Poland) and beggars (Hungary); Northern Jiangsu captured the burial city (now south of Kazan115km south of the intersection of Volga River and Kama River, and its wasteland is near the village of Bogar-spence Kaye on the Volga River), forcing its leaders to surrender and quelling their rebellion.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/236, Mungo marched into Qincha Department in the lower reaches of Yele River (now Volga River). The Qincha tribe living between the Le River and the Aya Black River (now ural river) paid some money, and some resisted according to the risk. The strongest resistance was Bachmann, the leader of Rick Department in Lebourt. He joined forces with Chi Er, the leader of the Azhou people, and attacked the Mongolian army from time to time. Some escaped refugees also took refuge in him. Under the cover of the dense forest in the lower reaches of Yele River, they often move, and it is difficult for Mongolian troops to find their whereabouts. 1237, Mongo ordered the construction of 200 warships, each carrying 100 fully armed Mongolian soldiers, cruising in the Yile River; He and his brother Bochuze led an army to search in the forests on both sides of the river, and Bachmann was forced to move to an island in the Kuantian Keith Sea (Caspian Sea) near the mouth of the Idle River. The Mongols tracked to the seaside, took advantage of feng shui to enter the island, annihilated the Qincha army, and captured Baftman alive. Bachmann refused to surrender and was killed.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/237, after conquering the Qincha and Burya areas in the middle and lower reaches of Yele River and carrying out the first attack on Southeast Europe, Batou called the kings to visit Huliletai and decided to attack the Woluo people together. After the meeting, they advanced to the middle reaches of the Idle River and quickly occupied Moldova. In winter, the army approached Ryazan. Badou came to Liang Zanguo from the south. Before entering the country, he asked Liang Zan to pay eleven taxes on public transportation. "No matter the archduke or the common people, they must pay one-tenth of the white horse, dark horse, brown horse, fierce horse and flower horse" and "one-tenth of the armor". The peace talks between the two sides failed, and Liang Zangong did not dare to fight the Mongolian army in the wild, so he stuck to the city. Mongolian troops swept through some small towns, so that "they will be destroyed forever and will never appear again in history". /kloc-in mid-February, the army surrounded Ryazan City (now the old city near Spask City). The defenders persisted for six days, and on the seventh day, the city fell. Some residents were killed and some burned to death. "Liang Yean and Liang Zan changed ...", "Its glory has gone up in smoke, scorched earth and ashes".
1238, Mongolian army marched from Ryazan to Vladimir Principality. On the way, he defeated Vladimir's army in Kolomna and conquered more than ten cities such as Moscow, suzdal and Rostov. Arrived at the gates of Vladimir in February.
Archduke Vladimir went out of the city to gather troops and contact reinforcements, and his son was in charge of guarding the city. The Mongolian army stormed for five days and the city was broken. The family of the Grand Duke and the dignitaries in the city avoided the church and were burned to death. In March, Badou sent troops to attack the Dagong military camp on the Xidi River, and Archduke Vladimir died. Since then, the Mongolian army has been heading for Novgorod, but due to the thawing of the river and muddy roads, it was forced to retreat and turn to the south. They plundered in Smolensk and Chernigov, and met with stubborn resistance from local soldiers and civilians in coyle. The Mongolian army suffered heavy losses, and it was not until Badou sent reinforcements that it broke the city and was bloodbath. Therefore, the Mongols called the city a "rotten city".
After the appreciation of ancient landscape paintings, the expeditionary force continued to go south and captured the western area of Qincha grassland. Minister Chincha was suddenly defeated on the beach and led his troops to Mazar (Hungary). 1239, Mungo and Gui You marched into the Sea of Azov, captured its capital, became afraid to think, and the Lord of Azov surrendered. 1240, Mongo and Gui You were ordered to return to the East by Wokuotai, but they still wanted to defend their country and brought back their son Atachi and his Azujun. This army attacked Sichuan from the Mongolian army, destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and became a very important Semu army in the Yuan Dynasty.
When Gui You and Mungo led the troops south, the commandos of Badou Orthodox Army also moved to the east of Le River to raise horses in Chincha grassland. Mongo's army arrived at the gates of Kiev first, and his emissary was killed by the people of Kiev, who fled to Madzar. 1240, Batou's army also arrived in Kiev, and various armies gathered and besieged Kiev. The Mongolian army is extremely prosperous. "The chariots are swaying and the camels are screaming, making people unable to hear." Badou ordered cannons to be mounted around the city and attacked the city day and night. The commander of the garrison, Demirtel, led the soldiers and civilians to persevere. After the fall of the city, he was arrested for injury and pardoned for bravery. Then, the Mongols continued westward, captured garrick, and garrick also fled to Madzar. 124 1 year, the Mongolian army was divided into two roads, one led by Baidar and Wulianghatai to invade Balier (Poland), and the other led by Batou brothers and Subutai to March into Madzar. At that time, Balier had been divided into several small fiefs, and King Boris was unable to make all the fiefs, Baida and so on. Successfully crossed the Vistula River, captured Krakow, its capital, crossed the Oka River on a raft, and defeated the 30,000 Balier, Germanic and Teutonic knights assembled by Henry II of Lesia. Henry died. Later, he was defeated by the Bohemian general Jarraus at the gates of Waller Mu Zhi, so he turned to Madzar to join the Batu army.
Badou invaded Mazha in three ways, taking advantage of Mazha's internal division, the contradiction between local governors and the fleeing Qincha people, captured Pace City, stationed troops to the east of Tuna River (Danube River), and at the same time recuperated and plundered horses. Pioneer has been to Davier. The Mongolian army, which has been fighting for a long time, is already a spent force at this time and is unable to go on an expedition. Soon, the news of Wokuotai's death came, and Badou moved to the East. After that, he camped in the lower reaches of the Idr River, where he established Sarai City as the capital of Benulusi. He not only ruled the Qincha area in the lower reaches of Yele River, but also brought the Russian Principality into the scope of Ulus. As the patriarch of Mongolia, he exercised power there on behalf of Mongolia, and Mongolia investigated the household registration in the Russian Principality. Ross is regarded as "a political autonomous region with its own political power, but it belongs to Khan, and it is necessary to pay tribute to them (patrol fee)".
Due to the profound contradiction between Badou and Gui You, the third largest Khan in Mongolia, Shu Chi Ulus, who was taken over by Badou, showed a strong tendency of independence from Mongolia during the reign of Gui You. Because Mongo's position as the fourth Khan is stable, it has been confirmed by the Khan forces in western Mongolia. After Kublai Khan ascended the throne, the ruling center moved to the Central Plains and the capital moved to the metropolis. In fact, the vassal state of Badou has achieved an independent status, which is the Qincha khanate, which is also the Golden Account khanate. /kloc-After the middle of the 0/5th century, due to the infighting of Mongolian aristocrats and the resistance of the Russian people in Qincha Khanate, the Khanate split and declined.