In Leye County, the starting point of the Hongshui River in Guangxi, the Hongshui River enters Tiane County at the junction of Leye County, Wangmo County and Luodian County, with a length of 5 1km, a river width of 150m, a drop of 3 1m and a river gradient of 0.6 1‰.
In Tiane County, Hongshui River is called Wuni River in history. From Liyang Township, Luodian County, Guizhou Province, it flows into Xialao Village in the county from northwest to southeast, flows through Lintan Village and Niuchang Village of Xiangyang Town along the Guizhou-Guangxi border, and then goes south along the fault, passing through Liupai Town and baimu town and leaving Longan Village. The length of Hongshui River in the county is111.5km. ..
In Nandan County, Hongshui River flows from Guwangtun, Ai Wu Township, through Tiane County, meandering for 52.3 kilometers, and flows into Donglan via Larentun, Dutian Village, Ai Wu Township. The river bed in the territory is Shifeng, with a width of about 200~300 meters, and 70 tons of electromechanical boats can pass during the flood season.
In donglan, Hongshui River flows southward from Ding Cun, Jingu Township in the north of the county seat through Liu Long Village, Yangtze River, Baoli, Dongyuan, Ai Dong, Changle, Sanlong, Sihe and Datong, and flows into Du 'an County in Pingyong Village, Datong Township in the southeast. It flows through the county seat, with a total length of 92 kilometers.
In Xincheng County, Hongshui River enters from Laliutun, Mai Jia Village, Chai Jin Township, mashan county in the northwest of the county, flows through Suiyi, Kurenai Wataru, Ningjiang, Xinwei, Guosui and other townships (towns), and flows into Heshan City in Beilongtun, Guosui Township, with a length of about 56 kilometers. The widest riverbed is 350 meters, generally 150 meters, with a drainage area of 985 square kilometers. The maximum monthly average flow 10 100 m3/s, the minimum monthly average flow is 32 1 m3/s, and the annual runoff is 68.7 billion m3. Rich in water.
Hydrological characteristics: Qianjiang Station of Hongshui River has an average runoff of 69.6 billion cubic meters for many years and an average runoff depth of 543. 1 mm, which is one of the low-value runoff areas in Guangxi. During the flood season from April to September, the runoff was 54.4 billion cubic meters, accounting for 78.2% of the annual runoff. The maximum runoff is July, reaching 1, 4 1 100 million cubic meters; The dry flow occurred in March, only 65.438+0.26 billion cubic meters. The average sediment concentration of the rivers in Qianjiang Station is 0.67kg/m3, and the erosion modulus is 3 16t/km2. The sediment concentration at Tiane Station is 0.9 1 kg/m3. The erosion modulus is 444 tons/km2, which is the river with the highest sediment concentration in Guangxi.
The annual variation of the runoff of Hongshui River is represented by Qianjiang Station, with 1955 ~ 1963 as the dry season and 1964 ~ 197 1 as the wet season. The dry season is lower than the average annual runoff of 69.6 billion cubic meters per year, and the wet season is higher than the average. 1972 to 1979, with abundant water and low water appearing alternately; After 1979, except for 1983 and 1986, the annual runoff is less than 69.6 billion cubic meters, which is the dry season. Maximum wet year 1968, annual runoff 103 billion cubic meters. In the driest year 1989, the annual runoff is only 36.4 billion cubic meters. The gap between the rich and the poor reached 66.6 billion cubic meters, the highest year was 2.67 times that of the driest year, and the deviation between the rich and the poor reached 48% and 45%.
The annual variation of sediment concentration in Hongshui River can be seen from the data of Qianjiang Station of Hongshui River (1954- 1979): the average sediment concentration in 1954- 1959 is 0.5 1 1kg/m3. In 1970s, the average sediment concentration was 0.7 12kg/m3, which was 6.3% higher than the average for many years. In recent 30 years, the sediment concentration of Hongshui River has been increasing. In addition to the interannual variation of runoff, human activities, reduced vegetation coverage or steep slope reclamation are the reasons for accelerating soil erosion.
The average annual runoff of Hongshui River in Tiane County is 49.965438 billion cubic meters, and the average annual runoff depth is 667.6 mm ... The maximum runoff occurred on August 29th, 988, with the magnitude of 16900 cubic meters per second, and the corresponding highest water level is 240.82 meters (Tiane Hydrological Station is based on the Pearl River), which is/kloc-. The minimum flow appeared on May 3rd 1963, with the magnitude of 174 cubic meters per second, corresponding to the lowest water level of 2 12.04 meters, and the difference between the highest and lowest was 28.78 meters. The annual average flow is1580m3 per second. In addition to the characteristics of large amount of water, the sediment concentration is large during the flood peak period in summer, and the maximum sediment concentration appears on1May 28, 987, with a value of 25mg per cubic centimeter. On September 3rd 1988, the turbidity reached 4000 degrees, and the turbidity in summer was 1000 times that in spring. There are many suspended solids. During the flood peak, dense trunks and scum blocked the river traffic. In addition, the river bed of Hongshui River in this county is deeply cut, with an average water surface width of110m, a maximum water surface width of153m, an average water depth of 23.6 1 m, a maximum water depth of 46.6m and a drop of 74.94m (from Cixiang County to Tiane County, Guizhou Province).
In Donglan, the basin area is 24 15 square kilometers, the annual runoff is 552.96 million cubic meters, the maximum flow 16555 cubic meters per second and the minimum flow 1823 cubic meters per second. The river bed in the territory is deep, the peaks come to the shore and the beaches are full of water. There are 16 dangerous beaches such as Li Yu, Liu Long, Tan Yao, Dutianjiao, Dahuang, Chongling, Nipan, Chongji, Lu Hong, Mohuang, Motang Kok, Buxian Kok, Banwen Kok, Datong Kok and Poweisha. However, after liberation, water traffic was improved through dredging and danger removal.
River Basin Overview: Hongshui River Basin in Guizhou is located at east longitude10610'-10740' and north latitude 24 55'-26 25'. It is bordered by the North Panjiang River in the west, Miaoling Mountain in the north by the watershed between Wujiang River and Qingshui River, Liujiang River in the east, and the main stream of Hongshui River in the south across the river from Guangxi. The drainage area is 15948 square kilometers, including all or some counties and cities such as Wangmo, Luodian, Huishui, Changshun, Pingtang, Duyun, Guiyang, Yu Yun, Anshun, Guiding, Pingba and Dushan.
The topography of the basin is high in the north and low in the south, with an altitude of 900- 1600 meters in the north and a valley of 230-300 meters in the south. The whole basin is dominated by mountains, with mountains accounting for 82% of the total area and hills accounting for 18%. Hongshui River Basin in Guizhou is located in the slope of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, which is an ancient planation plane in the basin period. Due to the intermittent uplift of the Quaternary crust and the development of water system, the plateau has suffered from the degradation of the epidermis, and the landform is characterized by sand shale eroding mountains, limestone peaks and funnels. The exposed strata are Ordovician, Silurian mud, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Paleogene and Quaternary, mainly Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic strata, and other strata only appear in local areas. Limestone is widely distributed and karst is developed. Most tributaries flow into the main stream after several undercurrents, and there are many karst springs and peaks and forests. The submerged reach is mostly concentrated in the drop of tens of meters to hundreds of meters, which is the dominant reach for small and medium-sized hydropower development. Underground mineral deposits include coal, barite, iron and sulfur.
There are 1, 788,865,438+0,000 people in every river basin of Guizhou Province, mainly foot agriculture, and the agricultural population is 1, 586,5438+0,200 people. Cultivated land area 1963700 mu, and farmland 858600 mu. The degree of water conservancy is moderate, with an effective irrigation area of 569,300 mu and a guaranteed irrigation area of 43180,000 mu. Crops are mainly rice, corn, tobacco, rape and peanuts. Hongshui River Basin has a subtropical climate and is rich in subtropical fruits and vegetables. The average rainfall in this area is 1280mm, the west is 1400mm, the Hongshui River Basin is 1 100mm, and the average temperature is18} c. It is estimated that the main towns in the basin are desert, Huishui, Pingtang, Ziyun and Changshun. There are large machinery enterprises in Huishui area, and the rest are small coal mining, ironmaking, fertilizer, electric power, machinery, paper making and light industry. The traffic in the basin is mainly highway, and a highway network has been built. The wooden boat transportation of Hongshui River in Qing Dynasty can be traced back to the hundred floors of Beipanjiang River, a tributary of Hongshui River, and the whole line from sugarcane fragrance to Bala was navigable to Guangxi. Because this river flows fast, it was not regulated before the founding of the People's Republic of China, and there were few traffic berths. Since 1958, some dangerous beaches have been mainly regulated, and the channel conditions have been gradually improved. The main ditch under the sugarcane fragrance is 8 -20 meters wide.
In Guangxi, the rainwater harvesting area of the main stream of Hongshui River is 52,600 square kilometers, with a drop of 254 meters and an average slope of 0.38%. The average ratio of Hongshui River in the reach above Tian 'e decreased to 0.55‰. There are many high mountains and canyons on both sides of the river, and the beaches are crowded, sparsely populated and the traffic is inconvenient. The average slope of the reach from Tian 'e to Laibin Fenghuang Gorge is 0.36‰, and the river crosses the karst mountainous area, with narrow valley, steep valley slope and scattered cultivated land. The average slope of the reach from Fenghuang Gorge to Sanjiangkou is 0.26‰, and the two banks are hilly plains with relatively flat terrain and relatively concentrated cultivated land.
The upper reaches of Hongshui River can be properly developed and treated, and the 150-ton barge fleet can be navigable, which will undertake the transportation of goods mainly based on coal between Guizhou and Guangxi. After the Longtan Hub is completed, the upstream canalized waterway can reach 359 kilometers. With the completion of other cascade hubs, Hongshui River can be channelized and navigable for a 500-ton barge fleet. Hongshui River can be one of the traffic arteries connecting southwest China and Guangdong.
Hongshui River runs from Tiansheng Bridge in Nanpanjiang to Datengxia in Qianjiang 1050 km, with an annual average water volume of1300 million cubic meters and a drop of 760 meters. Rich in water resources. Guangxi Hongshui River can develop hydropower resources110.08 million kilowatts, which is known as the "rich mine" of power resources in Guangxi. The hydraulic resources in Hongshui River area are concentrated in the 659-kilometer-long reach from Zhexiang Village to Liujiangkou at the intersection of Nanpanjiang River and Beipanjiang River. In the planning of the main stream of Hongshui River 10 cascade hydropower stations, there are 6 hydropower stations: Longtan Hydropower Station in Tiane County, with an installed capacity of 4 million kilowatts; Yantan Power Station in Bama and Du 'an Yao Autonomous County is 6.5438+0.2 million kilowatts; Dahua Power Station in Dahua County is 600,000 kilowatts; Bailongtan Hydropower Station in Du 'an Yao Autonomous County is 654.38+0.8 million kilowatts, and Letan Hydropower Station in Xincheng County is 600,000 dry watts; Gong Qiao Power Station in Laibin County has a capacity of 500,000 kilowatts, and the installed capacity of six power stations is 7.04 million kilowatts. This area accounts for 63.5% of the exploitable hydraulic resources of Hongshui River. In addition, Tianshengqiao I&II Power Station, Pingban Power Station and Datengxia Power Station only account for 4.04 million kilowatts, accounting for 36.5%. Therefore, about two-thirds of the hydraulic resources of Hongshui River are concentrated in Hongshui River area.
According to the reply of 198 1 the State Council's Report on Comprehensive Utilization of Hongshui River, it is pointed out that "the development policy of Hongshui River is to give priority to power generation as a whole, taking into account the comprehensive utilization benefits of flood control, shipping, irrigation and aquatic products." Dahua Hydropower Station was built in 1983, with 400,000 kilowatts in the first phase and 200,000 kilowatts in the second phase under construction, with an annual power generation of 310.60 billion kWh. Ertan Hydropower Station (now Letan Hydropower Station) has an installed capacity of 60,000 kilowatts, 1, 98 1 year, and is being expanded and rebuilt. Yantan Power Station started construction on 1985, and has been completed at present, with an installed capacity of10.2 million kilowatts and an annual power generation of 7.05 billion kWh.
The main tributaries of Hongshui River in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region are Diaojiang River, Qingshui River, Buliu River and Lingqi River.
Diaojiang River, originating from Houjiao Mountain in the southeast of Nandan County, flows through Nandan, Hechi and other counties and cities, and flows into Hongshui River in Baiwang Township of Du 'an Yao Autonomous County, with a total length of 229 kilometers and an area of 3,585 square kilometers. It is the largest tributary of Hongshui River. The annual runoff is 2.53 billion cubic meters, with a runoff depth of 705.9 mm, and the flow from April to September in flood season reaches 65.438+0.97 billion cubic meters, accounting for 84.0% of the annual flow. The annual maximum runoff is 3.87 billion cubic meters (1968) and the minimum runoff is 107 billion cubic meters (1963), with a difference of 2.80 billion cubic meters, which is 1.20 times of the multi-year average.
Qingshui River, originating from Wangbing Mountain, Daming Mountain, Shanglin County, flows through Xiyan, Dafeng, Chengtai, Qinpai and other towns in Shanglin County, passes through Zouwei, Binyang County, enters Qianjiang Town, Xingbin District, Laibin City, and joins Hongshui River. The total length is187km, and the drainage area is 4169km2. Zou Wei Station has an annual average runoff of 65.438+0.74 billion cubic meters, a runoff depth of 976.2 mm, rich runoff and low sediment concentration, with an annual average sediment concentration of only 0.066 kg/cubic meter and an erosion modulus of 665.438+0.5 kg/km2, making it the smallest river in Guangxi. During the flood season from April to September, the runoff was 65.438+0.38 billion cubic meters, accounting for 79.6% of the annual runoff. The maximum annual runoff in 0959 was 654.38+2.43 billion cubic meters, and the minimum annual runoff in 0963 was/kloc-0.20 billion cubic meters. The difference 1.4 1 100 million cubic meters is 0.8 1 times the average. Using the favorable terrain of Daming Mountain, the source of the upper reaches of Qingshui River, a high-level power station can be established in Daming Mountain.
Located in the northwest of Guangxi, Buliu River originates from the south of Laoshan Mountain in Wang Cen, lingyun county, flows through Lingyun, leye county and other counties, and flows into Hongshui River in Banai Village, Tiane County, with a total length of160km and a drainage area of 35 10/0km2. The average annual runoff is 65.438+0.48 billion cubic meters, and the runoff depth is 422.2 mm; During the flood season from April to September, the runoff165438+800 million cubic meters, accounting for 84.3% of the annual runoff. The maximum runoff in 1979 was 2.56 billion cubic meters, and the minimum runoff in 1960 was 598 million cubic meters, with a difference of19.62 million cubic meters, which was 1.40 times of the multi-year average. The average sediment concentration for many years is 0.48kg/m3, and the erosion modulus is 199t/km2, which is a tributary of Hongshui River with serious soil erosion.
Lingqi River originates from Lushan in Bama Yao Autonomous County, flows through Bama, Tian Yang, Tiandong and other counties (autonomous counties), and flows into Hongshui River in Gulong Village of Dahua Yao Autonomous County. Total length 168km, drainage area 1709km2. The average annual runoff is 8 1 100 million cubic meters, and the runoff depth is 473.9 mm; The runoff from May to September in flood season is 62 1 100 million cubic meters, accounting for 77.7% of the annual runoff. In 0979, the maximum runoff10.39 billion cubic meters and the minimum runoff10.963 billion cubic meters, with a difference of10.52 billion cubic meters, which is10.32 times of the multi-year average.
In Tianyang County, the main tributaries are: Yufeng River, a first-class tributary of Hongshui River, which originated in Nashe Township, Bama Yao Autonomous County, entered Nachuang Village, Bamiao Village, Yufeng Township, Tianyang County in Jixian Village, where it flowed through Huazhang, Yufeng, Ping Ling and Gao Chang villages, then returned to Bama Yao Autonomous County and merged into Hongshui River in Gulong Village. Tianyang County has a river section of 27.5 kilometers long and a drainage area of 155.2 square kilometers. The gradient is 5.3‰, the drop 145.75m, and the available drop 148m. The maximum peak flow is 960m3/s (1June 20th, 968), the minimum flow is 0.06m3/s, and the average runoff for many years is 69.48 million m3. Yufeng Hydropower Station was built in September of 1972, with installed capacity of 1 set and capacity of 125 kW. In addition, a number of small hydropower stations have been built with an installed capacity of 68 kilowatts; 24 water diversion projects, with a water diversion flow of 0.5 cubic meters per second; Mechanical irrigation project 18, installed 18, total power 310 kw; There are three hydraulic pump stations and three hydraulic pumps are installed.
In Pingguo County, the main tributary is Pingzhi River, which originates at the junction of Luna Village and Tiandong County in the northwest of the county and flows from northwest to southeast. It is formed by the confluence of three small rivers, such as Liming River, which is called Pingzhi River. After passing through Shiren, Xiangmei, Shanhuan, Ganhe and Baifeng, they sneaked into the ground in Baifeng Village at Duiwei, left the country to Dahua Yao Autonomous County and merged into Hongshui River. The county seat is 25 kilometers long, with an average width of 70 meters and the widest 126 meters. It is located in Xiangmei Village, Fengwu Township. The narrowest 20 meters is in Darihei, Baifeng Village, Duiwei Township. The peak flow is 4. 17m/s, in dry season1.1m/s, and the annual runoff is 750 million cubic meters. Water conservancy facilities, including Liming, Dahongjiang water storage project and Luda water diversion project, have no navigation.
In Tiane County, besides Buliuhe River, there are:
Niuhe, a first-class tributary of Hongshui River, originated in Changming, Guizhou Province, and entered the county from Sanbao You Na from north to south along the border between Guizhou and Guangxi, then flowed into Hongshui River in Xiaobala through Dinghuan, Deck, Longcha and Hekou Village, with a total length of 36 kilometers. The rainfall area of Niuhe River in the county is 365 square kilometers, accounting for 1.43% of the total area of the county. Annual average flow 135 m3/s, annual average runoff of 4.27 billion m3, annual average water surface width of 67.4m, maximum water surface width of 87.9m, average water depth of 6.40m, maximum water depth 15.6m, average flow of 0.35m/s and drop of 51.02m. ..
Donghe River, the first branch of Hongshui River, originated in Nandan County. The main stream in the upper reaches is called Bagong River, the middle reaches is called Pojie River, and the lower reaches is called Ina River. It enters the county from the border of Yuli Village, flows into Hongshui River from Beiyou Ferry via Yuli, Pojie and Longfeng Village, with a total length of 30 kilometers. The county's accumulated rain area is 297 square kilometers, accounting for 9.3% of the county's total area. The annual average flow is 7. 1 1 m3 per second, and the annual average runoff is 2.0 1 100 million m3. Because of its short process and small amount of water, the hydrological department has not set up a perennial observation station. The average water depth is about 2.5 meters in flood season and about 1 meter in dry season, so you can cross the river on foot. The narrowest water surface is 3.5 meters and the widest is 30 meters.
The main tributaries in Donglan are:
Baying River, which originated in Changzhou Township, Fengshan County, flows from northwest to southeast into Nalang Village, Donglan Changjiang Township, and flows into Hongshui River through Baying to Banjia Village. The length of the county is 2 1 km, and the drainage area in the county is 595.985 square kilometers. Annual average flow 12. 19 m3/s, maximum flow12710.6 m3/s, minimum flow 2.3 m3/s, and annual runoff 3,84410,300 m3. 1 the dry flow measured in March 1964 was 2.2 m3/s,1the dry flow measured in April 1977 was 1.2 m3/s, decreasing by1m3/s.
Ban Long originated in Wangwen Village, Changjiang Township, and flowed into Hongshui River from west to east via Ban Long Village. Total length 15.45 km, drainage area of 57.573 km2, maximum flow of 405.8 m3/s, minimum flow of 0. 142 m3/s, and annual runoff of 38.574 million m3.
The Bola River originates from Banlie Village, Qixue Township in the northeast, flows through Qixue from northeast to southwest, builds in Baoli Village, and flows into Hongshui River. The total length is 26.4 kilometers, the drainage area is 147. 125 square kilometers, the annual average flow is 2.78 cubic meters per second, the maximum flow is 6.69 1 cubic meter per second, the minimum flow is 0.362 cubic meters per second, and the annual runoff is 87.539 million cubic meters.
Lanyang River originates in Nahong Village, Changjiang Township, and flows through Yanglan Village from west to east to join Hongshui River. Total length 12.55km, drainage area of 43.45km2, maximum flow of 332.3m3/s, minimum flow of 0. 107m3/s, and annual runoff of 30.632 million m3.
Jiuqu River, with two sources, comes to Xinyan Cave in the south, and passes through Bala and Lunjie to the location of Lvlan Forest Farm (zero kilometers); It originated in Dawen Cave in the west and flowed eastward to the Greenland Forest Farm. It flows eastward to Rongxi, the county seat, and flows into Hongshui River through the county center to Anlou, with a total length of 29 kilometers and a drainage area of 335.8 square kilometers. According to the observation of the Greenland Hydrological Station 198 1 to 1985, the annual average flow rate is 7.67 cubic meters per second, the maximum flow rate is 1070. 1 cubic meter per second, the minimum flow rate is 0.827 cubic meters per second, and the annual average water level is 4.36 meters, with the highest water level. 1956 March measured low water flow is 0.823 cubic meters per second, 1978 March measured low water flow is 0.56 cubic meters per second, which has decreased by 0.262 cubic meters per second in twenty years. The water is alkaline, with a pH value of 7.5, and the production and domestic wastewater downstream of the county town is seriously polluted.
Banlao River originates from the top and foot of Xianghe River, and flows into Hongshui River from east to west through Xianghe, Laban and Le Tong. The total length is 24.5 kilometers, the drainage area is 15 1.8 square kilometers, the annual runoff is 96.393 million cubic meters, and the annual average flow is 3.06 cubic meters per second. The river is deep and the riverbed is steep, so it is difficult to use water for agriculture, but it can be used for hydropower generation. The natural drop is 3 1 1.8m, and the water energy reserve is 5,299 kW, and 2,236.6kW has been developed and utilized. ..
Pohao River, which originated at the foot of Hu Axiang Mountain, flows from northeast to southwest through Nabiao, Posuo, Naxiong and Gengle to the end of Yong, and joins Hongshui River. Total length17.35km, drainage area of 66.65km2, annual runoff of 45.322 million cubic meters, annual average flow1.44m3/s, maximum flow of 417.8m3/s and minimum flow of 0.164m3/s. Jiangban Reservoir was built in the middle reaches of the river in 1973, with a storage capacity of 4.02 million cubic meters, a natural drop of 220 meters, and a hydropower reserve of 1589 kilowatts, which has been developed and utilized by 80 kilowatts.
Sanjiahe, originating from Poxiang, flows into Hongshui River from west to east through Minhe and Helong villages. Total length 16. 15 km, drainage area of 48.9 km2, maximum discharge of 397. 1 m3/s, minimum discharge of 0. 12 m3/s, and annual runoff of 35.208 million m3.
The main tributaries of Hongshui River are Beipanjiang River, Sanglangjiang River, Mengjiang River and its secondary tributaries, such as Getu River, Wang Ba River, Caodu River and its secondary tributary, Liudong River. The drainage area is over 1 1,000 square kilometers, with Mengjiang being the largest.
Beipanjiang River is a major tributary of Hongshui River, which originates from the northern foot of Maxiong Mountain in Wumeng Mountain range, Zhanyi County, Yunnan Province, flows through Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, and is bordered by Yungui River in many places, and flows into the left bank of Hongshui River at Shuangjiangkou. Beipanjiang River is 449 kilometers long, with a total drop of 1.985 meters and an average gradient of 4.42 ‰. The average annual discharge of the estuary is 390 cubic meters per second, and the basin area is 26,557 square kilometers. Its reach in Yunnan is called Gexiang River, and it is customarily called the upstream source of Beipanjiang River. The main tributaries are: Tuojiang River, Kedu River, Wudu River, Moon River, Masha River and Dabang River, among which Dabang River is the largest.
Sanglang River (Sanglang River) originates from Shanwang Temple in Dayi Township, Wangmo County, Guizhou Province, and flows into Hongshui River. The main river is 92. The length is 5km, the drop 1366m and the average slope 14. The drainage area is 726km2. The tributaries whose river length exceeds 10 km are Tianchang River, Naye River, Maohong River (or Sancha River) and Lekuan River.
Mengjiang River is a big tributary on the left bank of Hongshui River. Boniu originated in Dangwu Township, Huaxi City, Guiyang City, and flowed from west to southeast, passing through Qingyan Town, turning to southwest at Gaopo Estuary, passing through Huishui Town and Sandu Town, diving into the ground in Lalin, turning to southeast after flowing out, turning to southwest at Jiaolian, turning to southeast in the clouds, and flowing into Hongshui River to Yula through Shuangjiangkou below eight hairs. The main tributaries of Mengjiang River are Mengguan River, Mengxiao River, Yuliang River, Chongshui River, Wang Ba River, Getu River and its secondary tributaries, such as Baisuo River and Daba River, among which Wang Ba River and Getu River are the largest.
Caodu River is a tributary of the north bank of Hongshui River. Originated in Guojiadong, Baimang Township, Duyun, it turns southwest to southeast in northwest, southwest in kiln, south at the mouth of Zhang Bu River, south after Kara to Luofu, south after exposure, southwest to southeast in Yan Ping, flows into Liu Tong, south in Gao Bai, and flows into Hongshui River in Shangdawan, Bala. The section from Yanping to Hekou Bala is the boundary river between Guizhou and Guangxi.
Liu Dong, which originates from Dahengshan Mountain in Wenggu, duyun city, Guizhou, flows to Mochong-Zhen 'an in the southeast, with a large bend, flows to Xinqiao in the southwest, flows to Miyin in the south, and even flows to MiXia Zhe in the southwest. After two undercurrents, it flows to Yalinzhai, enters Guangxi, flows to Shangdawan in the southwest, and flows into Caodu River.
Flooding and Water Quality The Hongshui River from Laibin City to Wuxuan, Ma Le was often flooded, especially in the 28th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty (1902). The flood peak flow of Wuxuan Station reached 5 1000 cubic meters per second, and the affected farmland reached 345,000 mu. From August 29th, 1988 to September, 1988,/kloc-0, floods occurred in Hongshui River continuously since the founding of the People's Republic of China. The maximum flood discharge is Tian 'e Station 1.65 million m3/s, Du 'an Station and Qianjiang Station 1.83 million m3/s. When the bottom water is high, it appears, and the rainstorm in the basin is superimposed. The flood has three consecutive peaks, one bigger than the other. It is a catastrophic flood since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and it has also suffered a wide range of disasters and suffered serious losses.
The water quality of Hongshui River is good, except for a few downstream reaches such as Heshan Coal Mine, which is a less polluted river. River water mainly consists of heavy calcium carbonate water and heavy calcium phosphate magnesium water, and the pH value of Hongshui River and Qianjiang River is generally greater than 7.5.
Water conservancy facilities are located in Hongshuihe District, Guangxi. Except for river power station reservoirs which mainly generate electricity, there are few large reservoirs which mainly use agricultural irrigation, and they are not on the rivers. Reservoirs with an area of over 100 million cubic meters include Dalongdong Reservoir in Shanglin County. Because karst is widely distributed in this area, there are few water diversion projects and serious water leakage; Because of the low water level on the shore, it is difficult to develop irrigation facilities for water lifting projects. According to statistics, there are paddy fields157,000 mu, dry land 302,000 mu, designed irrigation159,500 mu and effective irrigation165,400 mu in the upper reaches of Hongshui River, and 43,900 mu of water conservancy facilities need to be developed. There are 2.383 million mu of paddy fields and 2.897 million mu of dry land in the lower reaches of Hongshui River, with 3.3739 million mu of designed irrigation and 2.4743 million mu of effective irrigation, and 896,900 mu of water conservancy facilities need to be developed.
In Xincheng County, Hongshui River can be navigable to 300-ton motorized sailboats, which is beneficial to the construction of cascade hydropower stations. 1981may, the county built an evil beach hydropower station with an installed capacity of 60,000 kilowatts. 1April, 974, Ertan built a water turbine pumping station. Plan to irrigate 30,000 mu. Because of the high sediment concentration in the river, the machine is worn and the effect is not good. 1982 transform the electric irrigation station and install three 24-9 pumps, with a motor capacity of 3×680(é) and a lift of 56.9 meters. Because of high lift, high power consumption, poor supporting projects, high cost, lagging management and little benefit.