Datong Museum is located in Taihe Road, Yudong, with a remote location, but convenient public transportation. The shape of Datong Museum is very strange. The whole building surrounds the central hall with a spiral spatial structure, forming a whole. The regional cultural features such as Datong Volcano Group, Longbi Culture, Yungang Grottoes and "Hu-Han Blending" are all reflected in this modeling.
Datong Museum covers an area of 5 1.556 square meters with a building area of 3282 1 square meter. It is divided into one basement and three floors above ground, and is divided into cultural relics exhibition area, public service area, multi-function hall, cultural relics storage area and office area.
Museums are a favorite place for tourists. How do you visit the museum? Will it be boring? I usually focus on visiting my national treasures. However, Datong Museum is very special. Although there are dinosaur hall, special exhibition, Liaojin Xijing and other exhibition areas, the "Dewey Pingcheng" exhibition hall in the picture steals the limelight. Let's go and have a look.
What is on display here is the cultural relics unearthed from Sima Jinlong's tomb in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Who is the tomb owner Sima Jinlong? His father Sima Chu is the eighth grandson of Sima Yi's younger brother Sima Yi. Sima Jinlong is the second son of Sima Chu, and his mother is the daughter of the kings of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Princess Hanoi. After the attack. Eight years of Taihe. To General, SiKongGong, Jizhou Secretariat and Kang Wang.
Sima Jinlong's tomb is located near Shijiazhai Village in the southeast of Datong City, where Sima Jinlong, the king of Langya in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and his wife Qin Wenji Chen are buried. The tomb is composed of front and rear chambers and right ear chamber, all of which are made of bricks. The length of the tomb is17.5m, and the length of the pyramid-shaped mound is 28m. This is the largest tomb discovered in the early Northern Wei Dynasty. Archaeological excavations were carried out from 1965 to 1966.
The tomb was stolen, but more than 450 precious cultural relics were still unearthed, most of which were pottery figurines. The sarcophagus bed, stone pillars and wood lacquer paintings are rare art treasures.
There are two unearthed epitaphs on the top of the voucher at the tomb door, both of which were buried in November of the eighth year of Wei Xiaowen Taihe (484). Ji Chen died in the fourth year of Yanxing (474) and Sima Jinlong died in the eighth year of Taihe (484).
The tablet is well written and carved, which is quite a style of everyone. The epitaph of Sima Jinlong's tomb reflects the calligraphy style of the early Northern Wei Dynasty, and is a typical representative of the early Northern Wei Dynasty's calligraphy, presumably written by Liu Fang, a calligrapher of the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Let's take a look at the sarcophagus bed of Sima Jinlong's tomb. The sarcophagus bed is placed in the back room and consists of six stone slabs, one on the front, back, left and right, and two on the top. Among them, a piece on the east side is carved with exquisite patterns. 1965 unearthed from the tomb of Sima Jinlong in the Northern Wei Dynasty. The stone slab on the front facade is inverted "mountain-shaped", with wavy four-leaf forbearing stripes in the upper part and wavy honeysuckle branches and leaves carved in the middle, geisha boys and rare birds and animals with different shapes. Geisha are hairy and naked, with sensitive silk floating behind their necks and wearing calves and sideburns. Musical instruments include cymbals, chicken drum, flute, pipa, cymbals and flute.
There is a ripple door carved between the three legs in the lower part, and the three feet of the bed are embossed with four lux. Lux is vigorous, with Lux crouching on both sides and holding his hands for support; In the middle, Erlix kneels backwards, holding the animal's teeth with one hand and grasping the fangs on both sides of the animal's face with the other. It is a masterpiece of stone carving art in the Northern Wei Dynasty with rigorous layout, exquisite carving and vivid modeling.
Sima Jinlong's tomb was stolen in his early years, but a large number of precious cultural relics were still unearthed from it. Among them, the largest number is pottery figurines, with three or four hundred pieces. Among the terracotta warriors and horses, the number of samurai servants and servants riding samurai is the largest, and the array is very spectacular, vividly reappearing the glory of Xianbei fighters.
There are more than 300 ceremonial figurines in Sima Jinlong's tomb, which can be said to be the epitome of the northern Wei army. The team is divided into riding guide figurines, riding etiquette figurines, walking guard figurines, walking army figurines, attendants figurines and armored cavalry figurines. Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the appearance of armored cavalry figurines has made the development of cavalry enter a new historical stage.
The northern Wei army fought mainly by cavalry, which was very powerful and fought numerous battles, large and small. The most direct manifestation of its military strength is excellent armament, and the armor and harness of the Northern Wei Dynasty are more advanced than those of the Southern Dynasties. Not only soldiers and generals wear armor, but also war horses wear heavy armor, which is the main force of the army. In addition, stirrups began to appear, further improving the combat effectiveness of cavalry.
From this column, it seems that some soldiers have hung their arms and tied them with white gauze. I took it for granted that they were "wounded soldiers" and blurted it out. The museum commentator quickly corrected it and repaired it after it was unearthed. My gaffes are always speechless regardless of time and place.
The sarcophagus bed and ceremonial figurines unearthed from Sima Jinlong's tomb are introduced above. When we returned to the entrance of the exhibition hall, the most striking position was the lacquer screen painting unearthed from the tomb of Sima Jinlong in the Northern Wei Dynasty in Shijiazhai Village, Datong City, which was the main part of a lacquer screen. Lacquer painting is extremely precious, and what is on display here is a replica.
The painted paint screen has decayed, and five pieces can still reflect the original appearance. There are pictures on the front and back of these paint boards, and the titles are printed on the side of the pictures. It is painted with vermicelli, outlined with lines and inscribed with ink. The handwriting on the list is round, handsome and magnificent, which is a rare original in the northern Wei Dynasty ink book.
The content is taken from the story of Liu Xiang's biography of Han Shu Nv. E Huang, Nv Ying, Zhou Taijiang, Zhou Tairen, Zhou Taisi and Ban Jieyu in lacquer painting are all stories in Liu Xiang's History of Women in the Western Han Dynasty. The figures are drawn with iron lines and rendered in shades to make the images vivid and lifelike. Composition focuses on highlighting the theme, the central figure is bigger than the foil figure, and the painting style is simple and decorative.
The painted screen unearthed from Sima Jinlong's tomb has only a part of the screen, and there are four beautifully carved stone pillars. This lacquer screen is a rare artistic treasure of books, paintings and stone carvings in the Northern Wei Dynasty. The bottoms of the four column bases are all square, and the cylindrical cover basin is on the base. The square base is embossed with honeysuckle pattern and Yue Ji on all sides, with the same style as the sarcophagus bed. There are four dragons with the same name in the abdomen of the upper basin, which churn in the rough waves, with lotus flowers at the top and circular jacks in the middle.
These four stone foundations can be divided into two groups in appearance, two in Bo, Shanxi, and two in Bo, Datong. The relief patterns of these two stone series are different. In the picture of Datong, the geisha teenagers in the four corners of the base are slightly incomplete, and the four geisha are not full of music.
When you visit a museum, you must leave enough time for a slow walk. If you are tired of shopping, you might as well sit here and have a drink and have a rest. The giant French window is a huge camel figurine sculpture unearthed from Sima Jinlong's tomb.