Lin Xiangru has been in Zhao for decades, leaving a rich historical legacy around Handan, the capital of Zhao. Such as: "Lin Xiangru Gui Xiang" in Nanmenli Community of Zhonghua Street; Lin Xiangru's hometown is in Linjiahe Village, 6 kilometers southwest of Handan County; "Lin Xiangru's Tomb" at the southwest of Handan 16 km; Lin Xiangru Baiqixian Temple on the Hubei shore of Congtai Park; Lin Xiangru's descendants came from the northern ancestral home of Beijiabi Village, Beijiabi Township, Cixian County after the Ming Dynasty. These have become precious monuments for future generations to remember the sages and enlighten their hearts.
About Lin Xiangru's record in Handan before his death, Sima Qian recorded it in detail in Historical Records. The main remains of Lin Xiangru in Handan are described as follows:
Jiangxianghe Site: Back Lane
Guixiang is located in congtai district Street Community, Handan City, west of Menli Road, South of Zhaojia during the Warring States Period. During the Warring States Period, Zhao Shangqing and Lin Xiangru made way for General Lian Po to get into the car. The driveway runs east-west, with a width of 2.3 meters. In ancient times, it was separated by one car. The alley is about 300 meters deep, and there are more than 20 original official residences on both sides. Later, due to the relocation and urban transformation of the past dynasties, the western section was demolished. At present, there are only about 75 meters left at the eastern end, and about ten new ancient courtyards are built on both sides.
Return Lane is here, and there are many records in local chronicles in history. According to the Records of Handan County in Wanli of Ming Dynasty, in the 12th year of Wanli of Ming Dynasty, Ling Sucha of Handan County had inscribed the stone carving "Lin Xiangru returned to the lane" on the lane wall. It is 0.97 meters wide and 0.49 meters high (1957, when the house was rebuilt, the stone carving was removed and embedded in the cement base, which was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution). Qing Yongzheng's "Handan County Records" also contained: "Return to the Lane, at the South Gate. It is said that Lin Xiangru led the car to avoid this, hence the name. " In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), Yang's Records of Handan County also recorded the entrance lane of the South Gate. At present, at the south side of the east end of Huiche Lane, at 198 1, a monument square was built with stone carvings on the original wall at the expense of the municipal government. The square is backed by the western wall, with double eaves and blue tiles, stone pillars on the top and bluestone as the foundation. It is 4.5 meters high, 2.3 meters wide from north to south, 0.55 meters deep and 0.75 meters wide. There is a back alley monument in the workshop, which is 1.63m high, 1. 1m wide and 0.27m thick. Tang Zhenyu wrote, Shu Dan and Zhang Engraved. On the wall between the two eaves of Monument Square, there is a stone carving of "Lin Xiangru Returning to Lane", which was written by former Hebei Governor Li.
After Handan declared as a national historical and cultural city, it began to restore the relevant scenic spots in the Zhao period, and planned the original Zhao "Imperial Street" where the back alley was located as an ancient Zhao cultural street. The street starts from Handan Academy and ends at the vegetable market outside the south gate, with a total length of about 2 Li, and construction has started one after another. Now, in addition to the renovation of the ancient courtyard in the east of Xianghui Lane, it has become a 20-meter×15-meter Xianghui Lane Cultural Square. The square is adjacent to Yujie Street in the west, and two-story pavilions with antique style are built on the east, south and north sides. It is a calligraphy and painting, handicraft, stationery and souvenir firm with Zhao characteristics.
Linjiahe Village, the former residence of Lin Xiangru
Linjiahe Village, located ten kilometers south of Handan City, belongs to Linjiahe Township of Handan County. This villager is said to be Lin Xiangru's hometown, but local chronicles record it as his hometown. Qing Yongzheng's "Handan County Records" contains: "There are Linjiahe and Linjiahe villages in the city." "Pass it on as the former residence of Lin Xiangru". In the twenty-eighth year of the Republic of China, Yang wrote "Records of Handan County", saying, "Linjiahe, twenty miles southwest of the city, is also the name of the village. According to legend, it is the former residence of Lin Xiangru. " "The Lin family once lived here." Today, the place name of Handan (1984) is: Linjiahe, which is located at the county people's government 14.5 km ... It is said that Zhao Xiang's hometown Lin Xiangru was in this village during the Warring States Period. Because there is a river next to the village, it is named Linjiahe. According to the Old County Records, Lin Xiangru's former residence is in the southwest of the city. During the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, Ling Ying of Handan County wrote a poem "Lin Xiangru's Family".
At present, there are still ancient houses in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China next to the Guandi Temple in the southeast corner of Linjiahe Village. Villagers say this is Lin Xiangru's home. Although the village is called Linjiahe, there is no Lins. According to legend, before Qin destroyed Zhao, Lin Xiangru, a descendant of Linjiahe, was entrusted by Lin Xiangru to adopt his surname in order to avoid being hunted by the flies. However, this is not the case. Now there is a merit monument in the Guandi Temple in the village, which is used to rebuild the Guandi Temple in the Ming Dynasty. Many donation lists are engraved on the monument. The villagers said that this may have been donated by the Lins who fled to other places to build a temple in their hometown, but it does not rule out the people who lived in the village at that time.
Lin Xiangru Temple in Qiang Village, Cixian County
Lin Xiangru Temple, facing south, has a quiet environment and a gurgling stream in front. There are three courtyards in the temple, namely, the front yard where the theater is located, the middle court (temple) where the main hall is located and the backyard (cemetery) where the mausoleum is located. It covers an area of about 5 acres and has more than 30 buildings.
The first entrance is the front yard. The first building we face is the ancient stage, which is15m long from east to west and10m wide from north to south. There is a 30-hole under the stage. Because it was built by the river, the elevation of the abutment on the south side is about five or six meters high, which is very majestic.
Passing through the coupon cave and entering the intermediate people's court along the main god road, the first thing you see is the tall, magnificent and magnificent mountain gate, which is a duplex building, organically combining the ancient classic archway with the traditional rolling curtain hall. The four gold-plated characters "Lin Xiangru Hall" on the front of the mountain gate were inscribed by Liu Bingsen, vice chairman of the contemporary calligraphy circle. The couplets on both sides of the main hall of the mountain gate are well documented, and Mr. Qi Gong, chairman of the China Calligraphers Association, wrote: "Dedicated to serving the country, a generation of famous ministers; Brave the mountains and rivers, Yi Mankun. " ; China famous calligrapher Mr. Lu Zhongnan's book "Fame is in Taihang Mountain, and later generations are successful; The sages of Qiongyu Temple, in all directions and Yue, "couplets".
After passing nine stone steps and entering the mountain gate, it is the intermediate people's court, also known as the temple court. The main building is the fragrant hall of Zhao Shangqing and Lin Gongxiang, with a wide surface, five dark rooms in Sanming, three deep rooms, a front porch in the south and a hard mountain building in the north.
Through the hall, down the steps, or from both sides of the hall, you can enter the cemetery courtyard. This is an immortal place.
Lin Xiangru Tomb in Qiang Village, Cixian County
Lin Xiangru Tomb is located in Qian Qiang Village, Chengnan Township, Cixian County, Handan City, and is a key cultural relic protection unit in Handan City. According to legend, the original cemetery covers an area of about 20 mu. From south to north, there are theaters, mountain gates, incense pavilions, viewing halls, tombstones and graves in turn. Lin Xiangru's tomb is round, about ten meters high, with a circumference of 100 meter, surrounded by cypresses and pine trees. Later, due to natural, political, economic and other factors, the cemetery gradually became smaller, the hall was repeatedly built and destroyed, and the remains of the sages were cold.
Lin Xiangru's Tomb, in the shape of a garden, is located on a wide square platform, which symbolizes the round sky and symbolizes that Lin Xiangru's spirit exists with the world and shines with the sun and the moon. In front of Lin's tomb not far away, stands a black bluestone tombstone, which reads: "At the end of the forest, Zhao Shangqing's tomb of Lin Gongxiang". This inscription is really intriguing. How to explain the word "the end of the forest"? Because of the inscription recorded by an old man, there are still different opinions. A transliteration is interpreted as "near the end", referring to Lin Xiangru's later years; Another explanation is more reasonable, saying that it is "a barren forest in the sunset". Because Lin Xiangru was buried in Qiang village, when Qin attacked Handan, Lin Xiangru left Beijing with his family and came to a barren land in the southeast of Qiang village in the evening. After spending the night in the grass, he resisted Qin Jun in the south bank of Qiang village, then entered the village incognito and was buried in Qiang village.
Lin Xiangru's graveyard is in Qiang village. Although Historical Records contains nothing, many local chronicles record it in detail: (1) In the first year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1525), Guangping Fuzhi records: "Lin Xiangru's tomb, observing the clouds, is in Nanbai Village, Jinhua County, Handan County, where the temple is located, and the tomb is destroyed. (2) In the first year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1522), Zhang De County Records contained: "Lin Shangqing is like the tomb of Qiang village." (3) In the thirty-ninth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (170 1), Cizhou Annals contained: "The tomb of Zhao Shangqing in Lin Xiangru is located in Shi Liqiang village in the northwest of the state. There are still three towers here, with statues between the towers and the tomb behind the temple." (4) In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), Yang wrote "Records of Handan County", saying: "Lin Xiangru's tomb is thirty-five miles southwest of the city, and it is said that Lin Shangqing is like a tomb, which has been lost." (5) In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), Huang wrote "County Records of Tseng Hsiu Cixian County", saying: "The tomb of Zhao Shangqing Lin Xiangru is located in Qiang Village, northwest of the county seat, with three ancient temples behind it. In the sixth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, he was protected by Wen Bao. "
Not only the above-mentioned local chronicles record that Lin Xiangru's tomb is in Qiang Village, but the Annals of Anyang County in the 24th year of Qing Jiaqing records that Lin Xiangru's ancestors were in Gangxi Village, Xujiagou Township, Anyang County, but it records that "Lin Xiangru's tomb is not here." This historical record can also be used as evidence of Lin Xiangru's tomb in Qiang village from another aspect. Today, the buildings and facilities in the original base area of Lin Xiangru Cemetery, such as the theater, the mountain gate, the gallery, the auditorium and the tomb, have been restored one after another, forming a magnificent building complex integrating the theater courtyard, the temple courtyard and the tomb courtyard. In the corridors on both sides of the main hall, there is a memorial hall for celebrities like Lin Xiangru. Lin Xiangru Cemetery, a Millennium-famous place in Qiang Village, is expected to become a glorious carrier of Zhao culture and a national-level scenic spot.
Lin Xiangru memorial hall-Qixian temple
The Seven Sages Temple, built to commemorate the Seven Sages of Zhao during the Warring States Period, is located on the Hubei side of Congtai Park in Handan City.
The Seven Sages Temple was built by the original Sanyi Temple and Sixian Ancestral Hall. The general outline of its origin and change is: Triple Temple has existed for a long time, but the original temple is difficult to test. According to historical records: "Cheng Ying died, Wu Zhao sacrificed the city for it, and the Spring and Autumn Ancestral Hall did it, never losing it." Sima Qian did not write down the specific time of establishing the shrine. In the 19th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Lu Longyun, the county magistrate, rebuilt the "triple hall" under the cluster platform. Qing Yongzheng's "Handan County Records" contains: "Sanyi Hall was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. Sacrifice Cheng Ying, Gongsun Chujiu and Han Jue. Zheng, formerly known as "Sanzhong Temple", is now a magistrate of a county, thinking that Zhao Shuo and his good friend Han Zeng are also listed as ministers. Loyalty seems unstable, which is even more important. " The county annals also record that when Zheng Fuxiu, a magistrate of a county, repaired the "Three Immortals Temple" outside the south gate of the county, it was originally worshipped by Lian Po, Lin Xiangru and Li Mu, and later added Ma Wu master Zhao She, and changed to "Sixian Temple". In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), Yang wrote the Annals of Handan County. In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), the garrison Sun Yuxing, the squire Wenshan Wang He Sanyi and the four sages built the "Seven Immortals Temple" on the north bank of Congtai Lake, which was a scroll structure with three rooms wide and one room deep. 198 1 being rebuilt from Taipei, it is a glazed tile building with one room deep and five rooms wide. The building area is 13 1 square meter, covering an area of 524 square meters. There are colored statues of Han Jue, Cheng Ying, Gong Sun, Lian Po, Lin Xiangru, Zhao She and Li Mu about two meters high. There is a plaque inscribed by former State Councilor and Vice Premier Fang Yi in the gate building of Qixian Temple, and there is a "forest of steles in Handan" in the courtyard of Qixian Temple. There are 42 embedded monuments, including 2 monuments of Seven Immortals Temple, which are precious historical materials for studying Handan culture and Seven Immortals Temple.
Lin Xiangru Temple (Xiangtang)
As for the temples dedicated to Lin Xiangru, they are widely distributed because of their great influence. Many counties and counties on the land of Handan, especially the Xiangxian Temple in Handan and Cixian, have exclusive sacrifices. The temple is dedicated to the Lin Xiangru Temple in Lin Xiangru Cemetery of Qiang Village, which is the main hall. The temple is recorded in the county annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The main hall of Lin Xiangru Xiangtang, which has been restored to its original site, is a connected glazed tile building with hard hills. It has three hidden rooms and three deep rooms, with a front porch in the south and a back building in the north, which is very magnificent. The foundation stone was laid on Lin Xiangru's birthday (July 20th in China lunar calendar) and Wang Shuori every month, but July 20th is the most important.
Distribution area of descendants in Lin Xiangru.
According to the genealogy of Lin family in Beijiabi Village, Beijiabi Township, Cixian County in Ming Dynasty: "The ancestor (Lin Xiangru) lived in Handan, stayed in Qiang Village, and (later generations) moved to Cizhou Village." Lin Hao, a descendant of Lin Xiangru in Ming Dynasty, was recorded to have moved from Kequan to Gaby in the early years of Hongwu.
From the field investigation, Lin Xiangru's descendants are mainly distributed in one county and one district in Handan, namely Cixian and Fengfeng mining areas. There are three main reasons for the formation of its distributed villages: First, in the early Ming Dynasty, Lin Hao, a descendant of Lin Xiangru, moved to Gaby from Kequan, Henan Province, and multiplied for generations, forming the ancestral home of Lin Xiangru descendants in Handan after the Ming Dynasty. More than 6000 people in the village, more than 75% are surnamed Lin, and there are well-preserved ancestral graves, ancestral temples and genealogy of Lin. The second is the village where Lin Gao's second son Lin Cheng and his third son Lin Rang moved out respectively. According to the Lin Family Tree in Beijiabi Village, Lin Hao gave birth to three children, named Guang, Cheng and Zhen respectively. In order to alleviate the contradiction between a small land and a large population, except for the eldest son, Lin Cheng, the second son, led his family to the west side of the Drum Tower in Cizhou City, and Lin Rang, the third son, led his family to Linjiazhuang, Pengcheng Town, Fengfeng Mining Area, and gradually formed the Lins Hutong, the residence of the Lins. The shape of this hutong is very special, with one entrance and five courtyards. According to legend, the Lin family in this hutong had a juren in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty. Third, due to various reasons, villages are scattered from Gaby. Such as Shandi Village in Yijing Town of Fengfeng Mining Area, Shi Qiaocun Village in Linshui Town, Linjiagou Village in Dayu, Shangqiyuan Village in Shi Chun Township of Cixian County, etc.
In addition, there are some Lin families in various counties and districts of Handan. According to legend, in addition to emigrating, a considerable number of these people are descendants of Lin Xiangru. After Zhao's death in the Warring States Period, they changed their names and surnames due to the situation, and then gradually restored their surnames.