Biology: What are the substances that store energy and reduce heat loss in geese?

The answer is: D fats and fatty substances have important biological functions. Fat is the energy provider of organisms. Fat is also an important component of organism. For example, phospholipid is an important component of biofilm, and oil is the storage and transportation form of fuel needed by body metabolism. Lipid substances can also provide essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins dissolved in animals. Some terpenoids and steroids, such as vitamins A, D, E, K, cholic acid and steroid hormones, have nutritional, metabolic and regulatory functions. Lipid substances on the surface of organisms have protective effects such as preventing mechanical damage and heat emission. As the surface substance of cells, lipids are closely related to cell recognition, species specificity and tissue immunity.

To sum up, fat has the following physiological functions:

1. Substances that store and supply energy in organisms. 1g fat is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water in the body and generates 38KJ(9 kcal) of energy, which is more than twice as high as that of 1g protein or 1g carbohydrate.

2. It constitutes some important physiological substances. Fat is the material basis of life and one of the three components of human body (protein, fat and carbohydrate). Phospholipids, glycolipids and cholesterol constitute the lipid layer of cell membrane, and cholesterol is the raw material for synthesizing bile acid, vitamin D3 and steroid hormones.

3. Maintaining body temperature, protecting internal organs and buffering external pressure can prevent excessive body temperature loss, reduce body temperature loss and keep body temperature constant. It can also prevent external heat energy from being transmitted to the body and maintain normal body temperature. The fat pad around the viscera has the function of buffering the impact of external force and protecting the viscera. Reduce the friction between internal organs.

4. Provide essential fatty acids.

5. Important sources of fat-soluble vitamins Cod liver oil and cream are rich in vitamins A and D, and many vegetable oils are rich in vitamin E. Fat can also promote the absorption of these fat-soluble vitamins.

6. Increasing satiety Fat stays in the gastrointestinal tract for a long time, so it has the effect of increasing satiety.