The ancient battlefields of Chibi Three Kingdoms, Chibi and Puyin. Battle of Red Cliffs, located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of chibi city, Hubei Province (located on the south bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, connecting Wuhan in the north and Yueyang in the south), is the only ancient battlefield in the seven major battles of "defeating the many with few, and defeating the strong with the weak" in ancient China.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an (A.D. 208), Cao Cao led 260,000 troops to the south, which was overwhelming. United Xinye and Xiangyang cities, descended from Jiangling along the Yangtze River, and fought with Sun Quan and Liu Bei's 50,000 allied forces in Chibi. After Cao Jun's defeat, he returned to Jiangbei and stationed in Wulin (now Wulin Commune in Honghu County) to fight with Sun Quan and Liu Bei across the river.
Later, Zhou Yu took Huang Gai's advice and attacked Cao Jun with fire. At that time, the southeast wind was in an emergency, and the fireboat went straight to Cao Jun's camp with the wind. Suddenly, Cao Cao's fire soared and Cao Jun was defeated.
Sun and Liu allied forces took the opportunity to attack, and Cao Cao led the rest to Jiangling via Huarong Road (now northwest of Xianming County), thus laying the foundation for Wei, Shu and Wu to divide the world into three parts. This battle became a famous classic battle in the history of China, and left a glorious stroke in the history of ancient war in China.
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There are always different opinions about the real site of the ancient battlefield of Chibi in the Three Kingdoms. According to historical records, there are five places in Jingchu called Chibi: Hanyang, Hanchuan, Wuchang, Huangzhou and Puyin.
Hanyang theory originated from Hong Sheng's Jingzhou Ji in the Southern Song Dynasty. The theory of Hanchuan originated from Li Jifu's Map of Yuanhe County in Tang Dynasty. These two places, which were called Chibi in ancient times, are not near the river, nor are they the places where Cao Cao's warships burned. Wuchang red cliff theory comes from Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics in the Northern Wei Dynasty. According to textual research, Chiji Mountain in Wuchang County is not consistent with the historical place name, nor is it the Red Cliff of the Three Kingdoms.
Chibi, Huangzhou, is famous all over the country because Su Shi, a writer in the Song Dynasty, wrote "Red Cliff Fu" before and after. Su Shi was relegated to Huangzhou in the third year of Yuanfeng (AD 1080) and devoted himself to Dongpo, so he was named Dongpo Jushi, so Huangzhou Chibi was also called Dongpo Chibi.
Is this the place where Cao Cao's warship burned down? According to the record of Zi Zhi Tong Jian written by Sima Guang in Song Dynasty, Liu Bei used Lu Su's plan to enter Fankou, Hubei Province after his defeat in Nagano. At this time, Zhou Yu, the general of Soochow, was stationed in Xiakou, and then joined forces with Cao Cao in Chibi. In the Battle of Chibi, Cao Jun was unfavorable, which led to Jiangbei, and then Wulin was defeated.
This shows that Chibi is in the west of Wuhan and south of the Yangtze River. Huangzhou Chibi is in the east of Wuhan and the north of the Yangtze River. Visible Huangzhou is not the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms Battle of Red Cliffs. People laugh at Su Dongpo's ignorance and mistake Huangzhou Chibi for Three Kingdoms Chibi. However, Su Dongpo mistook Huangzhou Chibi for Chibi Battle of Red Cliffs for some reason.
There is Chibi in Huangzhou, and Tuanfeng Town, also known as Wulin Town, is 60 miles west of Huangzhou. The coupling of two place names is probably the cause of misinformation. In fact, the poet also wrote very clearly: "On the west side of the old base area, humanity is the red cliff of Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms." This "human nature is" explanation is not intended by the author, but an excuse.
The real location of Battle of Red Cliffs in the Three Kingdoms is Puyin Chibi. 1700 years, Puyin Chibi has been in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Military strategists, historians and writers of past dynasties have described and chanted Chibi and Battle of Red Cliffs.
In the mid-Qing Dynasty, Cao Xueqin, a great realist writer who was regarded as a descendant of Wei Wu, wrote a poem "Red Cliff Nostalgia" in his immortal Dream of Red Mansions, saying: Red Cliff sinks without flowing, leaving only a name to carry an empty boat. It is very cold, and infinite souls wander in it.
Baidu Encyclopedia Three Kingdoms Chibi Ancient Battlefield