In fact, there are about 245 million hypertensive patients in China. According to the CONSIDER study, 865,438+0.2% of hypertensive patients are complicated with at least one dyslipidemia, and 665,438+0% are complicated with hypercholesterolemia.
That is to say, in 100 hypertensive patients, at least 8 1 has dyslipidemia, and at least 6 1 has hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, most patients with hypertension need to reduce blood pressure and lipid at the same time.
Another predictive analysis found that if blood pressure and blood lipid can be controlled at the same time, 2.85 ~ 5 million cases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular deaths, such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death, can be avoided every year. Therefore, for hypertensive patients, lowering blood pressure and lipid at the same time can effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
So in life, how can hypertensive patients effectively control blood lipids?
1, develop healthy living habits and actively control weight.
Among patients with hypertension, 70%~80% are caused by unhealthy lifestyle, and only 20%~30% are related to congenital genetic factors. Because hypertension and hyperlipidemia are interdependent, it is necessary to actively reduce blood pressure if you want to control blood lipids.
Healthy lifestyle includes: reasonable diet, quitting smoking and drinking, moderate exercise and keeping a good mood.
Reasonable diet: low salt, low fat and low sugar, light diet, eat more foods rich in vitamins, calcium and potassium.
In low salt, low fat and low sugar: it can reduce the intake of sodium salt; Avoid eating pickled foods and condiments; Avoid eating high-calorie foods (such as animal oil, animal offal, fat meat, various desserts, etc.). );
Intake various nutrients: protein (such as low-fat milk powder, fish and seafood, egg white, lean meat, bean products, etc. ) can be supplemented appropriately; Appropriately increase fresh fruits and vegetables (about 400~500g of vegetables and 1-2 fruits per day); Eat more fiber-rich foods (oats, sweet potatoes, coarse grains, etc.). ).
Exercise: Advocate proper aerobic exercise (brisk walking, jogging, cycling, mountain climbing, stair climbing, broadcast gymnastics, etc.). ), and at least 3~5 times a week, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, each time more than 30 minutes, of course, it is best to stick to it every day; You can also carry out appropriate strength training to increase the body muscle content and carry out strength exercises 2~3 times a week; If you don't like these sports, you can also play Tai Chi, table tennis, badminton, yoga and so on.
In short, we should control our diet and keep exercising. But for patients with hypertension, it is recommended to exercise in the afternoon or evening, because the blood pressure of ordinary patients with hypertension is higher in the morning.
2, regular monitoring of blood pressure and blood lipid control, regular follow-up.
For patients with hypertension complicated with dyslipidemia, regular monitoring of blood pressure and blood lipid can timely observe the control of blood pressure and blood lipid and effectively prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; Regular follow-up visits are helpful for doctors to adjust medication according to the control of blood pressure and blood lipid, find out the harm of adverse drug reactions to the body in time and intervene in time.
3. Choose a long-acting single-piece compound preparation for lowering blood pressure and blood lipid to maintain double standards of blood pressure and blood lipid.
For many patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia, drug control is the most effective means. The combination of antihypertensive drugs "calcium antagonists" and lipid-lowering drugs "statins" is the first choice in clinic, but antihypertensive drugs are usually taken in the morning and lipid-lowering drugs are usually taken at night.
Considering the convenience for patients to take, and the control of blood pressure and blood lipid can be doubled to the standard, it is suggested to give priority to the long-acting single-tablet compound preparation for lowering blood pressure and blood lipid, such as amlodipine and atorvastatin calcium tablets, which can lower blood pressure and blood lipid at the same time and effectively prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.