First, the origin of gossip
Eight diagrams are composed of eight hexagrams, of which eight hexagrams are * * *, and eight hexagrams are combined into sixty-four hexagrams, which are divided into upper classics and lower classics, upper classics and lower classics, and there is also a melody to help memory, as shown in the following table:
Sixty-four hexagrams preface song dynasty
Is it necessary for 30-year-old lawyer Kuntun to be better than small animals?
My colleagues are all modest and prudent, and they are eager to meet.
Stripping and restoring innocent big livestock is better than hurdling and staying away from thirty.
Maximum/maximum limit diagram
First, Tai Chi map
In ancient China, the schema of summing up the changes of Yin and Yang and reflecting the law of the world's occurrence, development and change. The Taiji diagram handed down from ancient times was written by Chen Tuan. There are three pictures in Biography of Chen: one is the innate Taiji picture, the other is the dragon picture, and the third is the infinite picture. Song Zhuxi: "The congenital map came from Yi Xi, and Yi Xi has its own inheritance. Gaifangshi technology is used for cultivation, and so is the Participation Contract. " There are many Tai Chi pictures drawn in later generations, which can be roughly divided into two categories: one is a pattern composed of several layers of pictures, such as infinite pictures, Tai Chi congenital pictures, Zhou Tai Chi pictures, etc., which are basically the same in form. The top circle is represented by a single circle, and the second circle is divided into three layers, black and white, marked with the words "Yang moving and Yin static", indicating the alternation and movement change of Yin and Yang; The division of Jin Mu's fire, water, earth and five elements represents the basic characteristics of the world produced by the movement of Yin and Yang. There are two circles below, which are marked with the words "Avenue becomes a man, Kundao becomes a woman" or "Everything is born", indicating that everything is born. This picture summarizes the endless evolution of the universe-infinity-Tai Chi-Yin and Yang-Five Elements-and everything is endless. The other is the fish diagram of Yin and Yang, such as ancient Tai Chi diagram, congenital Tai Chi diagram and Lai's Tai Chi diagram. The outer circle symbolizes Tai Chi, and the inner side is divided into black and white arcs by S curve, with a black spot on the white background and a white spot on the black background. White is yang and black is yin, which symbolizes the mutual root of yin and yang; An arc is like two fish making friends, which means that Yin and Yang are changing endlessly. It can be seen that the two schemata have different forms and similar connotations. The popular taiji diagram now is the fish diagram of yin and yang. Each part of this diagram has a fixed position and a specific meaning. However, there is no strict orientation standard in modern Taiji diagram, and most of them emphasize the significance of yin-yang change cycle. There have always been different understandings about the origin and connotation of Taiji diagram. Nowadays, many people combine modern scientific and technological theories to explain it. For example, some people think that Taiji diagram is an accurate summary of wave-particle duality, the circle of Taiji diagram is a particle, the S curve in the middle is a wave, and Taiji diagram is the unity of wave-particle duality; Some people think that the Taiji diagram is a plane projection of the celestial sphere on the horizontal plane, in which two small points point to the south and north respectively, and the S-shaped tribute line is a graphic representation of the projection of the orbits of the sun, the moon, the five planets and other celestial bodies on the horizontal plane. This discussion is still controversial at present.
Second, Tai Chi primitive theory
On the origin of taiji diagram. Taiji diagrams are generally divided into two categories, one is a multi-layer combination diagram, and the other is a mutual positive diagram of Yin and Yang fish. There are many opinions about the origin of the multi-layer combination Taiji diagram: (1) It was written by Zhou Dunyi in the Northern Song Dynasty. Pan Xingsi in the Northern Song Dynasty: "(Zhou) is especially good at talking about Ming and reason, and is deeper than Yi Xue. He has made dozens of Taiji pictures, Yi Shuo and Yi Tong." (Epitaph of Mr. Lian Xi) Zhu holds this view (Preface to Taiji). (2) from Chen Tuan. Zhu Zhen in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Chen Tuan sowed seeds with congenital pictures, and sowed Muxiu ... Muxiu spread Zhou Dunyi with Taiji pictures, and Dunyi spread Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi." (Biography of Zhu Zhen in Song Dynasty) Lu Jiuyuan: "Zhu Zifa said that the map of Lianxi Taiji originated from Mu Bochang, and Bo Chang came from Chen Xiyi, so it must be tested." ("Lu Jiuyuan Collection and Zhu Shu") (3) From the life of the Buddha. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Liu Yin said, "Or Zhou Zi and his colleagues Su Hu and Shao Gu made a pagoda in Runzhou and handed down his Book of Changes." This "pagoda" is called Shouya. (4) The Endless Map, which originated in Chen Tuan and was carved on the stone wall of Huashan Mountain, was transmitted to Chen Tuan via Wei Boyang, and was carved on the stone wall of Huashan Mountain by Chen. Later, it was passed on to Zhou Dunyi through planting and wooden show, and Zhou transformed it into a Tai Chi map. (Tai Chi Picture Compilation) In the Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Chen Tuan carved the stone wall of Huashan Mountain, which was doubtful. (5) It originated from the Collection of Taoist Scriptures on the Great Cave. Mao Qiling in the Qing Dynasty: "Or the picture was in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. A Taoist wrote" Zhen Yuan Pin "and stole it first, which was a congenital picture of Tai Chi. This is the beginning of stealing, and it is called Wuji, which is in the preface of Tang Xuanzong. " ("Tai Chi Legend") added: "This was before Chen Tuan gave the picture. It was a painting of Yan, one in the Taoist collection, one in the complete works of the Zen source in Guifeng, and the other in the magical device. What a dirty card." ("Fufeng Gong Shan's Theory on Taiji Diagram") "Zhenyuan Pin" means "Zhenyuan Miao Jing's picture is in Shangdadong". Many modern scholars such as Feng Youlan, Zhang Dainian and Hou Wailu agree with this view. Recently, it has been suggested that the big hole above is the work of Zhou Dunyi, and the two works and preface behind it are not the works of the Tang Dynasty, and the imperial preface of the Tang Dynasty is also forged. (Wang Ka's Summary of Collected Taoist Scriptures and Li Shen's Analysis of the Origin of Taiji Diagram) The evidence is different and still controversial. There are also some views on the origin of the mutual positive Tai Chi diagram of Yin and Yang fish. (1) I got it from a hermit in Shu, or Wu Yijun. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, he said, "Zhu told his friend Cai Ji that he was like Jingzhou and went into the gorge again, so he got the third picture." ("Preface to the Three Pictures of Xie Zhong") is the income of Xie Zhong. These three pictures belong to Peng Weng, the Wuyi Jun Zhao in the early Ming Dynasty. Qian's "Original Meaning of Six Books" first recorded the Taiji diagram of Yin and Yang fish. Zhao believes: "Heaven and earth naturally have pictures ... The world passed on Cai Yuan to the hermit of Shu and kept it a secret. Although Zhu Xi didn't understand it, Chen Bofu's present position should be regarded as a skill. " (The Original Meaning of Six Books) Song Lian was quoted by Wei in Qing Dynasty: "Luo Duanliang is the image of Yin and Yang ... The words came from a hermit in Qingcheng Mountain." ("Yi Tu Bian") (2) Derived from "Zhouyi Shentongqi". Zhu: "Innate pictures spread the hope of foreigners, and the hope of foreigners has its own spread. Gaifang's technology is used for cultivation, and so is the Equity Participation Agreement. " (Genre 100) Hu Wei knows the reason from the number of ups and downs of Yin and Yang, which proves Zhu's statement. ("Yi Tu discernment") There is another saying, which is omitted here.
Three, including three as one.
Also known as "three letters in one". On the meaning of taiji in ancient times. Wei's "San Li" notes: "Tai Chi vitality, including three as one." As far as Taiji diagram is concerned, "three" refers to the structure of yin-yang fish, that is, the dividing line of white, black and white-black; "One" refers to the great circle of Taiji diagram. White, black and border are contained in the same circle. There are different interpretations in the past dynasties. (1) Black and white represent Yin and Yang and heaven and earth; The boundary between black and white is the human body department that divides the boundary between heaven and earth and yin and yang. Heaven, earth and man-made "three"; Yin and Yang and the demarcation standard are "three". Taiji diagram is a whole composed of positive, negative and combination. It embodies Laozi's thought that "everything is negative and holds yang, and rushing to think of peace". The point on the white edge is the end of the earth, indicating that there is yin in the yang; A white dot on the black side is the midpoint of the sky, indicating that there is yang in the yin. (2) Taiji diagram is the unity of two opposing attributes and their demarcation standards or activity places. On the contrary, it refers to the opposition between fire and water in space, mercury and Mars, and hot summer and cold winter in time; Mutual development refers to the birth of Jin Mu, Jupiter and Venus in space, and the beginning of spring and late autumn in time. "Earth" is not only the demarcation standard of fire, water and metal, but also the activity place of fire, Shui Mu and metal. (3) "Three" refers to three hexagrams, and "one" refers to one hexagram, which means that the three hexagrams form one hexagram, and heaven and earth are integrated.
Four, three to five to the fine map
Explain the schema of the formation of Dan medicine in Shentong Qi. See Xiao Peng's later book "The Book of Changes Can Tong Qi Tong Zhen Yi". "Participating in the same appointment": "The sun is shining, and people often want to go. soldier
Get Jinhua, turn to cause. Turn into a white liquid, condensed and firm. Jinhua sings first, and if it leans, it turns into water, and the horse's teeth are dead. Yang is harmonious and natural. When forced to shade, livestock are prohibited. A loving mother nurtures and teaches her children to repay her kindness. The stern father ordered to teach his descendants. The five elements are not right, and they are based on each other. Fire can sell gold and gold records glory. Three, five, one, heaven and earth are the best. Formulas can be used, but it is difficult to pass on in books. In the picture, the fire wood is mercury, the water gold is lead and the soil is yellow bud. Living in a middle school means that "all three things belong to Wuji". The firewood is on the left, and the water is on the right. It's easier to say and walk by pressing the ridge, and the ridge is on the left. Water and gold are interlinked, indicating that gold produces water; Firewood is connected, which means wood makes a fire. Water and fire are in the upper position, which means that the drugs of water and fire occupy the primary position in alchemy. The next white circle refers to Dan medicine, which is the "one" of "three to five in one". So fire and water go straight into this white circle. According to later research, this schema was absorbed by Taoism, and the five-element diagram in Chen Tuan's Five Dynasties Endless Diagram and the five-element parallel diagram in Zhou's Taiji Diagram all came from it.
Five, fire and water Kuang national map
Explain the formation schema of Dan medicine in shentong qi. The picture shows Xiao Peng's book The Book of Changes Can Share the Truth. In the picture, the left part is a plum melon, the right part is a cantaloupe, and the white part is a melon.
Yang is stubborn, and black is yin. As for refining Waidan, it is said that on the left is Qinglong, that is, cinnabar, on the right is white tiger, that is, lead, and the small white circle in the middle refers to Waidan. This schema later became one of Taoist schemata about alchemy. In addition, it is said that fire is the sun and yang; The water on the ridge is the moon, and the water on the ridge is cloudy. The so-called ridge separation, the intersection of dragons and tigers, the connection of fire and water, and the connection of the sun and the moon are the combination of yin and yang. Textual research shows that Chen Tuan's Wuji Map and Zhou Dunyi's Taiji Map both originated from this.
Six, the ancient Tai Chi map
Also known as "Fuxi Eight Diagrams Azimuth Taiji Map" and "Avatar Taiji Map". Legend has it that ancient alchemists explained the schema of Zhouyi Shentongqi. It first appeared in Zhao Zhong in the early Ming Dynasty.
The whole "authentic Taoism". This picture summarizes the contents of moon body, two yin, three five, nine palaces, eight diagrams, tripod, medicine and heat in Shen Tong Qi. Black and white interact in both directions, white is yang, black is yin, yin and yang are inseparable, yang is in yin and yin is in yang. The picture is divided into eight parts, according to their respective attributes, with gossip, revealing the temperature of Dan's advance and retreat. At the beginning of the third earthquake, it turned cloudy and sunny, and from the earthquake to the intersection to the dryness and the anode was full, and the sun was strong in the south; Yang disappears at the beginning, and yin is born. From Xun to Gen and then to Kun, the cathode is abundant, and the cathode in the north is abundant. Among them, eight points, northeast earthquake, white and black, odd and even; Facing the southeast, white two black one, two odd and one even; Dry south, all white, three unique; Southwest Xun, black and white, even and odd; Gen northwest, black two white one, two even one odd; Kun Zhengbei, all black, three couples; Take the black spots in the west white from the east, which is two odd and one even; Ying Zheng Xi, take the black and white spots in the east, which are even and odd. In Hu Weiwei's Distinguishing Yi Tu in Qing Dynasty, it is considered that this picture is a number of ups and downs of Yin and Yang, which shows that the reason is in the same strain as Jeff. Yang Qi was born in the northeast and flourished in the south. He was shaken off, that is, he looked forward to the first three times, and the moon disappeared like yin and yang; Yin Qi was born in the southwest and flourished in the north. Kun Kan Kun is in the clouds, that is, he looks after his back and the moon seems to rest in the sun. The cathode rises in the north, the sun is thin, and the yin avoids the yang, so it belongs to the middle palace, but the black is a little white, the anode meets the yin in the south, and the yang avoids the yin, so it belongs to the middle palace, but the white is a little white.
Black. The cover looks at dusk, the moon, and the ridge translocation. White dots in black are yang, and black dots in white are yin. It can be inferred from this that Chen Tuan's knowledge originated from the "magical device", which is similar to the "natural map of heaven and earth" seen almost at the same time, except for the indicator line indicating the direction, the rest are the same. The ancient Taiji diagram contains profound philosophy, which has great influence on later generations and occupies an important position in the Taiji diagram system.
Seven, congenital Tai Chi map
Also known as "Nature Map of Heaven and Earth", "Nature River Map of Heaven and Earth" and "Gua Qi Map", referred to as "Congenital Map" and "Taiji Map". According to Song He's textual research, this painting comes from
The hand of Chen Tuan. Chen Tuan originated from "Tong Can Qi", and said that it originated from a hermit in West Shu. Genre, yuan "Xie Zhongzhi three picture sequence",? This paper discusses Qian's Original Meaning of Six Books and Zhao Zhongquan's Authentic Daoism. This picture was first published in the Original Meaning of Six Books. There are black and white fish shapes in the picture, surrounded by yin and yang. The north is rich in Yin Qi, which is pure yin and occupies the position of Kun Gua. The south is full of yang, which is pure yang and occupies the position of divination. Yin Qi is in the northernmost part; Yang Qi was born and lived in the divination position of the Northeast earthquake. The divination image is one yang and two yin, indicating that Yang Qi is still weak; Later, he left the east to make divination, changed to the southeast divination position, and arrived at the divination position. The divination was like Sanyang, and the yang was extremely strong. Yang is extremely south; Yin Qi was born in the southwest, and the divination image is one yin and two yang, indicating that Yin Qi is still weak; Later, after Xikan, Northwest Gen, to Kun Gua, Gua is like Sanyin, and Yin Qi is extremely rich. This cycle is endless. The left white part in the picture, located in the east, echoes the right white part and surrounds the black part, indicating that there is a yin in the two yang, which is a divinatory symbol, that is, "Yin is in the middle"; The right black part, located in the west, echoes the left black part and surrounds the white part, indicating that two yin and one yang are in the middle. This is a melon elephant, that is, "the opposite yang is in the middle." The white part on the left, from the shock of one yang to the separation of one yin and one yang, to the growth of another yang, and finally to the prosperity of three yang, is the process of yang's rest; The right black part, from the birth of Xun and Yin, through the growth of Kan, Gen and Yin, to the prosperity of Kun and Gua, is a yin process. In the picture, there are black and white fish tails.
It means that yin and yang begin to rise; The black and white fish head and the left side indicate that the yang rises to force the yin, and the yin avoids the yang and returns to the palace; On the right side, yin rises to welcome yang, and yang avoids yin and returns to the palace. Black-and-white fisheye indicates that there is yin in yang and yang in yin. Compared with "Ancient Taiji Map", this map is the same except the indicator line indicating the direction. Both pictures show the changes of yin and yang with graphics. Other Tai Chi schemata made by later generations did not deviate from the basic connotation of this schema.
Eight, the natural river map of heaven and earth
That is, "the map of nature between heaven and earth" and "the map of congenital Tai Chi". Ming first saw Zhao? Qian's Six Books Original Meaning is the earliest recorded Taiji diagram of Yin and Yang fish. The picture shows "Natural River Map of Heaven and Earth", and the text notes "Natural River Map of Heaven and Earth". Zhao believes: "This painting was handed down by Cai Yuan, a hermit in Shu, but it was kept secret. Although Zhu didn't see it, he deserved it now, so he should cook and play. Tai Chi believes in Yin and Yang, and Yin and Yang believe in gossip and nature, which is the source of eternal writing and the hub of nature. Oh, dear! " (The original meaning of the six books) This picture is characterized by the combination of yin and yang, and the hexagrams run in one picture. The white edge is yang, the black edge is yin, which means that yin and yang depend on each other, and the fish eye means that there is yin in the yang and yang in the yin. See the article "Congenital Taiji Diagram".
Nine, infinite graph
(1) Chen Tuan preach one of the three pictures. It shows that the process of alchemy is the same as that mentioned in Chen Tuan's Zhi Xuan and Shen Xi, and Shen's alchemy has been developed, leading the alchemy outside to the alchemy inside. According to Huang Zongyan's Confused Classics in Qing Dynasty, the bottom circle of this schema is "Xuanzang's Gate", which refers to the emptiness between the two kidneys of the human body, where the ancestral qi is the qi of the abdomen. In the second circle, the ancestral spirit of refining gas rises, refining it, refining the tangible essence and turning it into faint gas, and refining the faint breathing gas into a god who has nothing to enter, that is, refining it into breathing gas and breathing it into spirit. In the third circle, the five qi turns to yuan, indicating that the essence runs through the five internal organs and directs water, fire, wood, gold and earth. Among them, water (kidney) and fire (heart) are the most important, occupying the upper position. Internal heat drops, water vapor rises, fire is not hot and dry, and water is not wet. When it warms up, it will enter the fourth circle. On the fourth lap, fire and water meet to form a sacred fetus. The small white circle in the middle refers to the sacred fetus. If this sacred fetus is cultivated, it will enter the top circle. The top circle "the refined spirit is still empty, and it returns to infinity", reaching the immortal realm of infinite emptiness, echoing the "Xuanzang Gate" created by the ancestors. The last lap and the last lap are nothingness, and one of them is existence, that is, from nothing to nothing and then back to nothing. Nihility is the foundation of all things, so it is called infinite graph. According to Huang, the maps of the Five Dynasties were drawn according to the "Fine Map" from the Three Five Classics to the "Magic Deed", and the maps were taken from the "Magic Deed" to the "National Map". Chen Tuan's infinite picture shows that Taoism has explained the alchemy of refining inner alchemy with the category of Zhouyi in the early Song Dynasty. This infinite diagram was later developed into a "Taiji diagram" by Zhou Dunyi. See Tai Chi Congenital Map and Zhou Tai Chi Map.
(2) refers to the "too empty map", see the article "too empty map" below.
Thirty-four Xianheng, Da Zhuangjin and Ming Yi have a panoramic view.
Solve profit and loss problem, extract the rise and shake it up.
The roots are gradually returning to the younger sister, and the journey is full of enthusiasm.
Younger than Jackie, it doesn't help at all. It's for menstruation.
Second, the sixty-four hexagrams are divided into eight palaces.
1, Dry Palace (gold, opposite Kundi, waterless Razer) Click to view:
Do you want to escape from heaven and earth for the sake of the wind?
Look at the wind and the mountains, peel off the fire and promote the fire.
2. Kangong (water, as opposed to fire, no wind) Click to view:
Kanwei Water, Water, Zejie Water, Leitun Fire and Water, Jiji
Zehogg Lei Huofeng Ground Firepower Ming Yi Ground Navy
3, gen palace (belongs to the soil, as opposed to ze, no mine) click to view:
Genwei Mountain, Huoben Mountain, Tianda Livestock Mountain, Zeshang Mountain
Under the eyes of the public, the fire started to ride, and the wind gradually came.
4. Earthquake Palace (wood, opposite to Xun wind, lawless mountain fire) Click to view:
Earthquake thunder, thunder hydrolysis, thunder constantly.
The wind rises and the water rises, and the wind well is stronger than the thunder.
5. Gong Xun (Yimu, opposite to Thunder, landless Shui Ze) Click to view:
It is good for wind, wind, fire, family and thunder.
Thunder in the sky, fire in the sky, thunder in the mountains, thunder in the mountains, Yamanaka Fu.
6, detached palace (fire, relative to water, no thunder) click to view:
Away from the fire, the volcano travels, and water and fire are incompatible.
Mountains and rivers are covered with feng shui, and Tianshui tells the sky fire fan.
7. Kun Palace (soil, relatively dry days, no wind and fire) Click to view:
Wei Kundi Lei restored the land, Zelindi Tiantai.
What is needed in thunder and lightning days is the water-soil ratio.
8. Anti-Palace (gold, as opposed to Genshan, there is no fire without fire) Click to view:
In exchange for ze ze, water is trapped, ze, mountain and salt are extracted.
Qian Shan Leishan is younger than Razer Guimei.
Third, the arrangement of hexagrams and paintings.
The arrangement of hexagrams is drawn from bottom to top, which is different from when we write articles or draw pictures. When drawing gossip, we draw it from bottom to top, and then from bottom to top. See the figure below:
This six-pointed star is separated from fire. In the eight diagrams, the yang is called "nine", the yin is called "six", nine is singular, in the Book of Changes, yang is called, six is a double number, and in the Book of Changes, Yin is called. Draw from bottom to top. The first one is yang, so it is called "nine days" and the second one.