Just as many flowers will attract cats to linger, there are many kinds of green plants that will keep them away. Some fragrant flowers, such as Russian sage and lavender, are not attractive to cats. Cats don't like plants with spikes on their flower branches, such as Haidongqing, Cirsium japonicum, Tropical Betula, etc. Most other animals don't bite.
If you just want to drive the cat away from a place temporarily, such as a newly vacated flower bed, you can add mulch to these branches later to make them more easily decompose in the soil.