There are many fragrant hills in China. Baidu can find at least a few: Xiangshan in Haidian District, Beijing, Xiangshan in Pingdingshan City, Henan Province, Xiangshan in Gaoping City, Shanxi Province, Xiangshan Temple in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, Xiangshan in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, Xiangshan in Zhangjiagang City, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, Xiangshan in Longnan City, Gansu Province, Xiangshan in Luoyang City, Henan Province .. The most famous is Xiangshan in Beijing.
The Xiangshan Mountain in Beijing is only 557 meters above sea level. The main peak, commonly known as the ghost sees sorrow, is the hub of the eastern end of the Xishan ridge, with overlapping peaks and valleys. Xiangshan here is called Xiangshan, which means "fragrance", because there are two statements in historical documents: the first statement comes from the people, and it is said that a large area of apricot flowers were planted on Xiangshan in the early years, which was named after the different flowering periods every year. The second statement comes from Eianji in Xiangshan, telling that there is a big stone in the mountain, and its shape is very similar to the incense burner in the temple, so the mountain is named after the stone in the shape of incense burner.
This "fragrance" existed in the Tang Dynasty. According to the Ming Dynasty's "Wan Bu Za Zhu", "Miaogaotang (a building in Xiangshan Temple) is located on the right side of wanping county Xisishiliangshan Temple, which has existed since the Tang Dynasty." Since then, people have built many buildings and temples here, and Jin Shizong Wan Yanyong and Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan have also left their footprints here. In the Ming Dynasty, Xiangshan Mountain and Daxi Mountain were designated as royal tombs. In the tenth year of Qing Dynasty (1745), the garden construction project of Xiangshan was officially started, and then it became a royal garden.
Today, Xiangshan is a park, about 20 kilometers away from Beijing, covering an area of 160 hectares. It is a famous forest park in Beijing. When people put aside the dust of history, it seems that a red leaf floats in. In my childhood memory, Yang Shuo's famous "Red Leaves in Xiangshan" has also become a voice echoing in my ears: "I heard that the red leaves in Xiangshan are the strongest autumn colors in Beijing, so I naturally want to see them ... Some people think that it is a fly in the ointment not to see the good red leaves. I picked a more valuable red leaf and hid it in my heart. This is not an ordinary red leaf. It is a red leaf that has been beaten by wind and rain in life. The more you get to the old autumn, the redder you get ... "Today's Beijing Xiangshan is the originator of China's maple appreciation, and its red leaves are well-known at home and abroad, and it is also one of the four major maple appreciation resorts in China.
When we wrote these words, the children at the beginning of the school season were reciting Wang Wei's Acacia downstairs: "When those red berries come in spring, they blush on your southern branches." For me, take a hug home as a symbol of our love. " There are no beans in the north, only leaves in early autumn, like red leaves reminiscing about the years. Let's put our thoughts on another fragrant hill, which is dry, bare and leafless enough to spread our thoughts.
The mountain is not marked on many maps. The locals call it Xiangshan, and we don't know where its fragrance comes from. Its location on the map is about the distance from Jingyuan in Gansu to Zhongwei in Ningxia in Wushaoling at the eastern end of Hexi Corridor. On the Beijing-Tibet Expressway from Zhongwei (Zhongning) to Jingyuan, it has been in the north and can be seen clearly. We have walked this road countless times. Although the Yellow River flows through the mountainous area within this mileage, Shan Zhinan is basically a very water-deficient area. Old National Road 109 comes from Jingyuan, Gansu, and there is a fork in Tongxin, Ningxia, one goes to Guyuan and the other to Yinchuan. This mileage is basically on the northern edge of the famous Xihaigu.
A town at the junction of Ningxia and Gansu is called Xingren. You can see Xiangshan more clearly from here. A local selenium sand melon is also called Xiangshan melon. Due to the lack of water, people have to press sand in the land every year to keep moisture. So many people understand it as a watermelon growing in a crack in the stone. There is a mountain in the south, the main peak of which is called Nanzhang Mountain by the locals, and the Xiangshan Mountain is sandwiched in the north, which also makes this area an east-west corridor. Only in Pingchuan District, which is connected with Jingyuan County, people call Nanzhang Mountain Canglong Mountain and Wuqu Mountain.
In this way, we have found some connection with the Hexi Corridor, which can also be said to be an extension of the Hexi Corridor. In today's geographical concept, the eastern end of the Hexi Corridor starts from Wushaoling, but further east, between the two mountains here, it still appears in the form of a corridor, which also prompts us to find a conceptual mistake, that is, in some local data, we see that people call Xiangshan the residual vein of Qilian Mountain, but this seems to be somewhat.
In the previous text, we mentioned many times that Hexi Corridor consists of Qilian Mountain (Nanshan) and Beishan Mountain, including Heli Mountain, Longshou Mountain, Hong Yashan and Alagou Mountain in the east. These mountains belong to Tianshan Mountain, but geographically, these residual veins are rarely directly called Tianshan Mountain, so many people don't know that they belong to Tianshan Mountain. That is to say, the cracks between Qilian Mountain and Tianshan Mountain form Hexi Corridor, but people seldom mention Tianshan Mountain.
Obviously, Qilian Mountain in Hexi Corridor is in the south, Tianshan Mountain in the north, and the eastern end of Qilian Mountain reaches the Yellow River basin, which is connected with Qinling Mountain and Liupanshan Mountain, including Wuqu Mountain and Nanzhang Mountain mentioned above. Its east has nothing to do with Xiangshan in the north, and Xiangshan should also belong to the remnant vein of Tianshan Mountain. However, there is something wrong with people pushing Xiangshan to Qilian Mountain. Therefore, in our understanding, there should be another corridor after the Hexi Corridor goes east. The widest part of this corridor should be in Xingren area. We see that the distance from north to south is at least 50 kilometers, including Zhongning and Haiyuan in Ningxia and some places in Jingyuan and Jingtai in Gansu.
This place seems insignificant in the vast land of China, but it is actually very important, because it introduces the culture and civilization coming along the Hexi Corridor into the deeper part of the yellow land, and the civilization of farming and grazing on the yellow land also meets and condenses here, and begins to spread westward along the Hexi Corridor. The Hexi Corridor is called Hexi Corridor, and people should call this small corridor Hedong or Henan Corridor. It is indeed south of the Yellow River. As far as Hexi Corridor is concerned, it should be southeast. It is composed of Xiangshan Mountain, Wuqu Mountain and South Zhang Shan, the remaining vein of Qilian Mountain.
On the topographic map of China, Mazong Mountain, Heli Mountain and Longshou Mountain belong to the Tianshan Mountains, so the Tianshan Mountains are not marked, but these three mountains are indeed the eastward extension of Tianshan Mountains, which are distributed on the north side of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. And if people connect all these, they can sketch a big corridor on the map of China, and this big corridor is a big channel for the exchange and integration of eastern and western civilizations.
There is one more interesting point. On the map we show, Helan Mountain and Liupanshan Mountain are like a horizontal "eight". From Yinshan Mountain, the northern civilization of China was introduced into Qinling Mountains. If the remaining veins of Tianshan Mountain are marked (including Mazong Mountain, Heli Mountain, Longshou Mountain and Xiangshan Mountain), the concept of the big corridor we are talking about will be very clear. Running from the Loess Plateau to Central Asia is very imposing.
The story in the mountains is always worth pursuing, because it is also history that lets us know where we come from. Today, we only talk about the small corridor in this big corridor, or the Hedong corridor, or the Henan corridor, and only talk about Xiangshan.
Helan Mountain Range is located at the junction of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, starting from Bayan Aobao in the north and reaching Maotukeng Aobao and Qingtongxia in the south. This Maotukeng Aobao is located in Niushoushan area. Niushou Mountain is located between Yin Wu Plain and Weining Plain, in the east of Zhongning County, 45 kilometers away from the county seat. The main vein runs from north to south, about 29 kilometers long and 9 kilometers wide. There are two main peaks, one is Wuying and the other is Wenhua. Wuying Peak is at an altitude of 178 1.5m, and Wenhua Peak is at an altitude of 1677m, with a distance of about 500m in the north-south direction. There is a narrow ridge in the middle to connect them hand in hand. Because of the trend of "two peaks on the cloud" and the shape of "bull's head horn", it is called "bull's head mountain"
Go northwest from here, that is, Xiangshan, until Jingyuan and Jingtai in Gansu. East-west, stretching for hundreds of miles across the south of Zhongwei, the highest main peak is 2364 meters above sea level, hundreds of miles away from Zhongwei city. The administrative area belongs to Hongquan Township, bordering Jingyuan County of Gansu, Haiyuan County of Ningxia and Tongxin County. According to its geographical characteristics, it is called the three counties where chickens crow once.
There are several east-west valleys in the mountains of Helan Mountain. The famous ones are Helankou, Suyukou, Sanguankou and Baisikou, which have been the main roads of east-west traffic since ancient times. Xiangshan is criss-crossed with ravines and surrounded by mountains. In addition to its main peak, there are Qinglong Mountain, Huanglong Mountain, Black Dragon Mountain and Shuanglong Mountain. In these mountainous areas, there are still many channels for cultural exchange.
In the past, the northern minorities came from the north and chose to cross the river in Zhongwei, Jingyuan and Jingtai, and invaded Chang 'an through Guyuan. If the blockade and lookout to the west of Helan protected Yinchuan and Wuzhong Plain in Ningxia from entering the south of the Yangtze River, then Xiangshan built a security barrier for this area with a northward posture.
Warriors of nomadic people have also stepped on small corridors in Henan or Hedong, and it seems difficult for the Yellow River to feed here in this period of history. How does the dry and rainy climate make the mountains here fragrant? History seems to be a coincidence here. On the main peak of Xiangshan today, there is also a temple-Xiangyan Temple, which was also built in the Tang Dynasty. Incense is flourishing, and Buddha lamps are flourishing. Every temple fair has a tradition of "facing the mountain" in Zhongwei and surrounding areas. During the temple fair, people from all walks of life kept wandering, and Hong Zhong fluctuated in the valley. The voice of the Buddha spread throughout two provinces and three counties, which was very grand.
Looking at Beijing from a distance, this mountain is also fragrant. Although there are no red leaves here, hiding them in selenium melons and hearts has little substantive relationship with homesickness and beautiful scenery. Our motherland is as famous as mountains and rivers, so diverse, just like the corridor is not in Hexi. (Text | Lu Sheng)