Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), whose courtesy name was Yuanliang, also known as Mr. Wuliu, and posthumously named Mr. Jingjie. After entering the Liu Song Dynasty, he changed his name to Qian. He was a poet, writer, poet, and essayist in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Southern Dynasty, and the early Song Dynasty. A native of Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He worked as a minor official for several years, then resigned and returned home to live in seclusion. Pastoral life is the main theme of Tao Yuanming's poems. Related works include "Drinking", "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", "The Peach Blossom Spring", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" and "Going Back". "Laixi Ci", "Peach Blossom Spring Poems", etc. Tao Yuanming is known as "the sect of reclusive poets". His creation created the unity of pastoral poetry and created a new realm for our country's classical poetry. From ancient times to the present, many people like Tao Yuanming's philosophy of life that sticks to the humble cottage, conveys the pastoral meaning, and his unparalleled artistic style that dilutes remoteness, tranquility and nature; at the same time, they also express their opinions on the reasons why Tao Yuanming returned to the countryside and his secluded life. Follow or conduct research and analysis. The following is an attempt to explore this in conjunction with Tao Yuanming’s poetry. Tao Yuanming was the most outstanding poet during the 800 years of Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties, as well as an outstanding lyricist and essayist. There are 125 Tao poems in existence today, including 9 four-character poems and 116 five-character poems. There are 12 Tao inscriptions in existence today, including 3 poems, 5 rhymes, and 4 prose. "Xianqing Fu" in Tao Yuanming's Ci Fu is imitated from Zhang Heng's "Ding Qing Fu" and Cai Yong's "Jing Qing Fu". The content is a fantasy about love and has little meaning. "Ode to Feelings for Scholars Not Encountered" is modeled on Dong Zhongshu's "Ode to Scholars Not Encountered" and Sima Qian's "Ode to Sad Scholars Not Encountered". The content is to express the resentment of those who have ambitions and have difficulty in achieving their goals under the clan system; "Returning to Come and Come to Xici" is Tao Yuanming's resignation from office and hermitage. A political declaration to openly break with upper class society. The article devotes a great deal of space to writing about his infinite joy of leaving officialdom and imagining the infinite fun after returning to the countryside, which expresses the author's yearning and love for nature and hermit life. The article cleverly integrates narrative, discussion, and lyricism to create a vivid, natural, and fascinating artistic realm; the language is natural and simple, washed away from the lead, and has a strong local flavor. The rhymes include "Ode to Paintings on Fans", nine chapters of "Reading History", "Essays to Commemorate Cheng's Sister", "Essays to Commemorate Congdi Jingyuan", and "Essays to Commemorate Myself"; prose articles include "History of the Former Jin Dynasty's General in the Western Campaign" "The Biography of the Lord of Mengfu", also known as "The Farewell Biography of Meng Jia", is a biography written for his grandfather Meng Jia; in addition, there are "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", "The Story of Peach Blossom Spring", "Yu Ziyan and others" and so on. Generally speaking, the number and achievements of Tao's essays are not as good as those of Tao's poems. Tao Yuanming's poems are sincere, simple and natural, and sometimes reveal the Lao-Zhuang thoughts of escaping reality and being optimistic about fate. Therefore, Tao Yuanming is known as the "Pastoral Poet" and is also the originator of the Pastoral Poetry School. His poems can be divided into three categories in terms of content: drinking poems, chanting poems and pastoral poems. Characteristics of Works Tao Yuanming is good at poetry, and most of his poems depict natural scenery and scenes of rural life. His excellent works embody his weariness with officialdom and secular society, revealing his aspiration to be self-sufficient and unwilling to succumb to flattery, but he also has propaganda "Life is impermanent", "Farmers tell me about spring and pictures", "Lean Destiny" and other negative thoughts. Its artistic characteristics are both plain and hearty. The language is simple and natural, but also extremely refined, with a unique style. He is my country's first pastoral poet. And the theme is the yearning for a better life. "The Peach Blossom Spring" is one of Tao Yuanming's masterpieces. It was written about the second year of Yongchu (421) and depicts a paradise. Taking the whereabouts of Wuling fishermen in and out of the Peach Blossom Spring as clues, it depicts a society where there is no class, no exploitation, self-reliance, self-sufficiency, peace and tranquility, and everyone can enjoy themselves. [8] According to the "Wuling Treasures" written by Changde historian and collector Mr. Zhou Xinguo: "Wuling is the second administrative division in the history of Changde. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Wuling County administered the counties in the Yuanshui River Basin." "Wuling County "It was set up in the second year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (205 BC) and was used until the first year of Qianyuan of the Tang Dynasty (758), which lasted for 963 years. It will no longer be used in the future. The area under its jurisdiction was successively renamed (Sui and Tang Dynasties) Langzhou, (Northern Song Dynasty) Dingzhou, (Southern Song Dynasty) Changde Prefecture, (Yuan Dynasty) Changde Road, (Ming and Qing Dynasties) Changde Prefecture. "Wuling County" was established in the ninth year of Kaihuang in the Sui Dynasty (589) and was used until the second year of the Republic of China (1913), which lasted for 1324 years. The term "Wuling" generally referred to "Wuling County" before the Tang Dynasty. For example, in Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Spring": "In the Taiyuan Dynasty of the Jin Dynasty, the people of Wuling were engaged in fishing." This Wuling person should be a "person from Wuling County." The "Wuling" in Emperor Xiaowu of the Jin Dynasty's "Conquest of Wuling to Attack the Yuan Dynasty", Jin Huji (Shang Shulang)'s "Recommendation of Wuling to the Five Dynasties", and Liu Qian of the Six Dynasties' "Thanks to the King of Wuling for the Brotherhood" should also refer to "Wuling County". , because the name "Wuling County" does not exist at this time.
From the Tang Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, it generally referred to "Wuling County". However, whether before or after the Tang Dynasty, most areas in northwestern Hunan that originally belonged to "Wuling County" were still commonly referred to as "Wuling" in literati's writings.