geographical environment
Yunmeng Mountain in Qixian County, Hebi City, Henan Province, also known as Qingyan Mountain, belongs to Taihang Mountain range, in the west of Qixian County, Hebi City, Henan Province.
The eastern border of Weihui City in Xinxiang City is a national 4A-level scenic spot. The main peak is 577 meters above sea level, with overlapping peaks, foggy Shan Lan, misty clouds, colorful weather, gurgling springs and blooming flowers. Known as "the victory of blue rock in fairyland". It has been a tourist attraction since ancient times. Literati and writers of all ages came in droves, leaving many poems, cliff stone carvings and inscriptions. There are more than 50 major scenic spots, such as Guigudong, Taiyang Cave, Sun Bin Cave, Pangjuan Cave, Sun Bin Tomb, Sheshetai, Guiguxu, Yanbingling, Tian Shu Cliff, Yu Di Hall, Sanqing Hall, North and South Taoyuan, etc., and there are the largest and most worded cliff-carved art books of Guiguzi in China.
Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Beijing-Hong Kong High-speed Railway, National Highway 107 and Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway all pass through Qixian County. It is 58km from Anyang in the north, 0/20km from Zhengzhou/KLOC-0 in the south, 42km from Xinxiang and 26km from Weihui. It is a historical, cultural and humanistic scenic tourist area featuring the military culture of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States Period. 1984 The Yunmeng Mountain Scenic Area Management Office was established and formally developed and constructed. Qixian County, called Chao Ge in ancient times, was once the imperial capital of the last four generations of Yin and Shang Dynasties and the capital of defending the country in the Western Zhou Dynasty. With more than 3000 years of cultural accumulation, the domestic tourism resources are rich. In recent years, the Cultural Relics and Tourism Bureau has developed, constructed, publicized, promoted and managed the tourism resources in Qixian County with the concept of "grand tourism", and formed Yunmeng Mountain Scenic Area with the theme of Warring States military culture, ancient lingshan scenic spot with the soul of human ancestor Nuwa culture, and Chaoyang Temple Scenic Area with Yin Shang culture as the main line. Among them, Yunmeng Mountain Scenic Area was rated as 4A-level scenic spot by the state and won the "Best Tourism Scenic Spot in China" and scenic spots successively.
Yunmeng Mountain consists of three main scenic spots-the ancient army of the Warring States, Shangsheng Ancient Temple, Yunmeng Wuli Ghost Valley Grand Canyon and Yunmeng Prairie, covering an area of about 26 square kilometers. The scenic spot is famous for its magnificent scenery and rich cultural connotation, and is called "Qingyan Wonderland". The ancient army in the Warring States period was the secluded place of Guiguzi Wang Xu, the originator of the military strategist, and was identified by the Academy of Military Sciences of the Chinese People's Liberation Army as the "China Ancient Military Thought Research Base". Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Mao Sui and other famous people came out of the mountain to interpret a history of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Yunmeng Prairie is an extremely rare top grassland in Taihang Mountain, with gentle ups and downs, open and spacious, warm spring flowers, green summer grass and autumn season.
The mountains, springs, caves and valleys in the scenic area are natural, with strange mountains, beautiful springs, wonderful caves and valleys, and the spectacular alpine grassland scenery, which are ingeniously combined with the humanistic landscape "China No.1 Ancient Military Academy", forming the unique charm of Yunmeng Mountain Scenic Area. After Yunmeng Mountain was opened to the public, it has successively established sightseeing facilities such as battery cars, high-altitude suspension bridges and the "Thirty-six Plan" cultural trails. Yunmeng Grassland Customs and Culture Festival is held every year to attract a large number of tourists; 1994 and 200 1 year, two national guiguzi cultural seminars were held successively, and China guiguzi cultural research institute was established, which became the national guiguzi cultural research base. The main landscapes are memorial buildings, Guiguci, Guiguxu, Sheshetai, Yingruimen, water curtain cave, Xianniu Cave, Sun Bin Cave, Pangjuan Cave, Maosui Cave, Wanglao Notre Dame Cave, Thousand Buddha Cave, Jiulongbai Cave, Taiyang Cave, Moon Cave, Ancient Buddha Cave, Guanyin Cave, Mother Cave, Qinglongquan, Xianquan, Guigujing, Yingruichi. There is the largest cliff stone carving "Guiguzi" in China.
Yunmeng Mountain has been a tourist attraction since ancient times. Scholars of all ages. When Mohism arrived, it left many poems, cliff carvings and inscriptions. Guiguzi in the Warring States Period, Zhen Ji in the Tang Dynasty and Shui Mu in the Ming Dynasty lived here for many years. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, China's underground party organizations and PLA soldiers also left footprints here, so they are well known. Yunmeng Mountain has beautiful natural landscape and rich cultural relics. Yunmeng Mountain Scenic Area has beautiful natural landscape and rich cultural connotation. There are Zhou Wang's Tomb, Caixin Terrace, Sanren Temple, Xianren Ladder, Weiguo Ancient City Wall, Guigu Cave, Sun Bin Cave, Snake Cliff, Army Altar, General Altar and other Shang and Warring States cultural relics, as well as Lingshan Temple, Chaoyang Temple, Qingyanjue Grottoes, Liang Qing Temple, Jade Emperor Hall, Sanqing Hall and other ancient temples of Taoist and Buddhist culture. It integrates tourism, academic research, root-seeking and ancestor worship.
Main attraction
Tiantang south gate
When you arrive at Yunmeng Mountain, the first thing you see is the Nantianmen. Nantianmen was built on the stalactite of the cliff below Nanshan cliff at the entrance of Yunmeng Basin. The upper and lower floors are composed of four pillars, which look like a gate. The upper layer is white Guanyin, which is naturally formed by stalactites. The whole doorway is made of stone. So there is such a two-part allegorical saying: the worse it is, the harder it is to fight. On the east side of the worse gate, a dragon carved from stalactites looked up at Guanyin, as if listening to Guanyin's orders, always ready to bring good luck to the world.
Yingruichi
Yingrui Pool, formerly known as Sanxi Pool, is the confluence of Yunmeng Mountain Water Curtain, Qinglong River and Bellon River. It is located at the pass in the east of the narrow valley of Yunmeng Mountain. Mr. Guigu used to bring his disciples here to practice martial arts. Mohist poets of all ages have visited water curtain cave, and when they pass by, they have the intention of meeting clouds and gathering clouds. Therefore, it was renamed Yingruichi, where the water is clear and the waves are rippling, and the morning glow is dusk, and the water will be bright tomorrow. Yingruimen faces Yingruichi, which is named after the pool. Yingruimen is a castle-style building, with stone arches at the main entrance, platform arches, small cloisters with double eaves and backrests, carved and painted, small and exquisite. It is a great pleasure for tourists to climb high and look far, and the water curtain overlooks the ghost valley and send the sunset to welcome the bright moon.
Water Curtain Cave
Water curtain cave, located in the half cliff of Nanshan Mountain in Yunmeng Basin, is the secluded place of Mr. Guigu and the place where students gather to give lectures. The cave is10m high, 6m wide and 80m deep. This is a natural cave. There are many grotesque stalactites at the top of the cave. Like pearls, water drops dripped along the stalactite on the stone, like a jade plate, and tinkled like a guzheng. A string of water drops hung on the hole like curtains. Hence the name water curtain cave. "Clear water hangs on the top of the curtain, and the peach heart opens like a brocade hole" is a portrayal of the scenery here. There is a spring pool deep in the cave, and the water is clear and sweet. In summer and autumn, the spring water overflows the cave, forming a waterfall, which is directly poured into the pool, and the people wash the hole for it.
At the top left of water curtain cave cave, there is a inscription "Mr. Guigu's hiding place"; On the right side of the cave is a 3.5-meter-high Guiguzi standing like a corpse, with a bamboo slip in his right hand and his left hand behind him. It is quiet and serene, with its eyes overlooking and lifelike, as if it were teaching its disciples skills. From the mountain gate to Wulijing, this is the famous Wuli Ghost Valley, flanked by Wan Ren and covered with thorns. In addition to cliff stone carvings, there are Tian Shu Cliff and Sun Bin's Tomb. According to legend, Mr. Gu often goes in and out of water curtain cave by ox cart. Shanmen couplet wrote: Go out of the water curtain, cross the green cattle, and drive the auspicious clouds with crutches. Now there are two ruts and hoof prints left in the hole.
Yunmeng Water Curtain has a long-standing reputation, and poets and poets of all dynasties have visited it, leaving many inscriptions and inscriptions on the cliffs. According to statistics, there are 233 existing cliff stone carvings since the Yuan Dynasty, which are the treasures of calligraphy art left by the ancients. Among them, Wang Yun, a bachelor of Hanlin in Yuan Dynasty, the cursive script of Luoyang Wendu in Ming Dynasty, and the crazy script of Sun Zheng, an imperial envoy, are all called the show of the book forest.
Xichendong
Dust-washing Cave, namely Sun Bin Cave, is located on the right side of water curtain cave. It was dug in the Ming Dynasty, with a width of three rooms. Two stone flagpoles stand on both sides of the cave. There are two rows of six rows of stone rafts in the cave, and each row is engraved with couplets and character stories. The image is clear, the shape is vivid, the composition is rigorous, and the carving is not inferior. The mouth of the cave is carved with stone. Although it is small, it is simple, and there is a statue of Sun Bin in it, which is solemn and solemn. Sun Bin, a Warring States strategist, Qi Guoa (now from Yanggu, Shandong), grandson of Sun Wuzi, studied the art of war with Pang Juan in Yunmeng Mountain. He used to be Qi Weiwang's strategist and defeated Wei Jun in Maling. Author of Sun Bin's Art of War. David's couplets reveal Sun Bin's achievements and temperament in his life. "It is said that the criminal name hangs in the Bohai Sea and the chest is full of soldiers."
Sit upside down in Kannonji.
Sitting down in Guanyin Hall is a cloister-style building with a rolling shed and a cornice leaning on the mountain. There is a stone carving of a South China Sea gentleman on the wall. Such stone carvings are rare in China. What makes people think deeply is the couplet on the temple door: "Ask Guanyin why she sits upside down, because the world refuses to look back." The implication is profound, flogging those hypocrites who are duplicitous and duplicitous. Why does Guanyin sit upside down? According to legend, after Pang Juan was defeated by Sun Bin on Maling Road, he hurried back to Yunmeng Mountain and begged Mr. Guigu to teach him art again, but Guigu refused to take a reason and drove it back to the north of Yunmeng Mountain. He moved to South China Sea to stay and persuaded Ghost Valley to accept him as an apprentice again. As soon as they saw him, the Nanhai tuas immediately turned around and said, "What a shameless thing! It's very kind of you to do all the bad things. How dare you see me? " ? Hurry back to the cave! "From then on, the goddess of mercy never turned against.
Maosuidong
Just below the water curtain cave, there is a natural cave, about 20 square meters. The roof of the cave is composed of stalactites, which are like clouds and different shapes. There are three pavilions in front of the cave, which are small and exquisite, carved with beams and painted with buildings, and there are stone fences outside. Standing here, you can overlook the Beishan Temple area. There is a statue of Mao Sui in the cave. In the Warring States period, he was brave and eloquent. A famous diplomat in the history of China, a diner of Zhao, in the ninth year of Zhao and Wang (275 BC), the State of Qin surrounded Handan and asked Chu for help. He recommended himself to go with him. Ping Yuanjun negotiated with the king of Chu, but the king refused to save Zhao, and Ping Yuanjun struggled. At this time, he stood up and said that he was interested in persuading the king of Chu to agree to send troops to save Zhao. Thus showing his talent. This is the origin of the idiom "recommend yourself". Maosui Cave and Pangjuan Cave in Beishan are far apart. Legend has it that Mr. Guigu sent him here to monitor Pang Juan's whereabouts.
Pangjuandong
Pangjuan Cave is located in the north of Yunmeng Mountain, with a height of about 65438 0.5m, a width of 2m and a depth of 3m. Pang Juan was a general of Wei during the Warring States Period. He studied the art of war with Sun Bin in Silicon Valley. The man was jealous of talent and fabricated charges to whip Sun Bin. In 344 BC, the State of Qi took Bing as its strategist, and fought for Han Wei and Pang Hui. On Maling Road, Sun Bin planned, the whole army was wiped out, and Pang Juan committed suicide. Because of Pang Juan's treachery, Mr. Guigu drove him to this secluded cave and built a demon tower in front of it. Do not move.
Sheshetai Sheshetai is15m high and 80m wide, which is located in the east of Yunmeng Basin. It is steep and looks like a cliff. Legend has it that when Guigu gave lectures here, he asked his disciples to jump off this platform to test their courage and piety, hence the name. There is a crystal clear mineral spring at the northern end of the stage, which is delicious in all seasons and inexhaustible. No matter how many people eat it, the water level will not drop, so it is called "Xianshui Spring". According to legend, this spring water was bought with the lives of villagers Qin Long and Princess Dragon King of the East China Sea.
Shangshengdian
Going to the temple is in the Beishan Temple area. Temple area was built in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Although the area is not large, the layout is rigorous. More than a dozen temples of different sizes were built according to the mountain, row upon row, magnificent, just like hanging in the air. Going to the temple is the treasure of the temple area. This hall consists of a main hall and a hall. Carving beams and painting buildings, flying over eaves and walking on walls, is a grand view. It contains a huge statue of the Jade Emperor, accompanied by a golden couple on both sides. There is a stone archway in front of the temple, which is finely carved and engraved with the words "Cloud Dream, Wonder in the Sea".
Taiyangdong
Sun Cave is located at the dangerous crossing of Bawo in Erlihu, southeast of water curtain cave. It is a natural cave on the half cliff of Yunmeng Mountain, with a diameter of 8m and a height of 13m. Seen from the inside of the cave, it looks like a yurt. There are four doorways on the east and west sides of the cave, such as two doors and two windows. The ceiling dome is made of lime solution into various patterns, such as black dragon, flying sky and long snake. There is a statue of the sun god in the cave, with a serene face and dressed in both civil and military costumes, which seems to examine the truth, goodness, beauty, falsehood, evil and ugliness in the world. Standing in the sun cave overlooking, you can see the beautiful rivers and mountains in Chao Ge. Especially in the morning, standing on the top of the mountain and looking eastward, a red sun rises from the horizon Ran Ran, just like a fireball in the fog of a sea of clouds, which makes people relaxed and happy. It feels great to climb Mount Tai to watch the sunrise.
Why is it called the Sun Cave? According to legend, Hou Yi, the king of a poor country in the Xia Dynasty, was furious because ten suns scorched the earth and shot down nine suns in a row. Only one sun is hidden in this cave to avoid being shot away. In order to repay the kindness of the cave, the sun shoots its own light into the cave from morning till night, so it is called the sun cave. According to legend, Guiguzi often leads his disciples to watch the stars, watch the sunrise and study astronomy here when giving lectures at Yunmeng party.
Sunpang chess room
The chess game between Sun Bin and Pang Juan is in Xiaofengmen, which is a gateway to Yunmeng Mountain. The mountain is steep, easy to defend but difficult to attack. Standing at the tuyere, you can enjoy Jinniuling in the north and Lutai in Zhou Wang, as well as singing in the ancient city in the east, which makes people feel relaxed and happy. There is a green slate of about 9 square meters on the summit, on which an ancient chessboard is carved. According to legend, Sun and Pang once came here to cut wood. During their siesta, they often play chess here. On the northeast side of the chessboard, there is a small stone temple called General Temple.
Yunmeng prairie
Located at the top of Yunmeng Mountain in the southwest of Qixian County15km, it is nearly 600m above sea level and covers an area of16km2. In summer and autumn, the grass is chest-high and endless, which is a landscape beyond the Great Wall.
Wuli ghost valley
This is a five-mile valley, flanked by steep mountains and towering peaks. In spring and summer, shrubs are lush, wild flowers are fragrant, cicadas sing and butterflies dance, and mountain springs and waterfalls splash; In autumn, the mountains are beautiful, and the wild chrysanthemums all over the mountain are competing to open, with golden elms and red leaves. There are Sun Bin's Tomb, First-line Waterfalls, Magic Wall, Tian Shu Cliff, Wulijing and other scenic spots in the valley. Wang Chan lived in seclusion at this time, calling himself Guiguzi.
Historical trace
Guiguzi founded the first military academy in the history of China-the first ancient military academy in China, which contains memorial buildings of strategists and strategists in the Warring States period such as Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Su Qin, Zhang Yi and Mao Sui, as well as ancient military battle sites such as Yanbingling, Bagua Array and Panlong Array. It is the oldest ancient military academy site in China. Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Sun Bin, Pang Juan and other military strategists were trained. Guiguzi's name is Wang Chan, also known as Wang Xu, whose real name is Guiguzi, the defender of the Warring States Period. He is good at fitness and vertical and horizontal techniques. Ju Yunmeng gave lectures and wrote thirteen volumes of Guiguzi. "Historical Records" says: "Su Qin and Zhang Yi both talk about Mr. Gui Gu's learning"; "Biography of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" contains: "Guiguzi and Mozi went to Yunmeng Mountain to collect medicines"; Water curtain cave said, "Mr. Guigu is hiding." In the sixth year of Yongzheng, Qing Dynasty, the monument of Wangchan Temple was rebuilt, bearing in mind a cloud: "Wang Chan's father was hidden in the cave, and Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Su Qin and Zhang Yi worshipped Wang Chan here as their teacher". In the 31 ST year of the Republic of China, the inscription of Xiumaosui Temple recorded: "Mr. Guigu of Yunmeng Mountain is hidden."
Why did Mr. Guigu give lectures in Yunmeng Mountain in seclusion? Because Guiguzi and Sun Bin's grandfather Sun Wuzi are close friends, Sun Wuzi spent many years of painstaking efforts and wrote thirteen articles on the art of war, which he intended to dedicate to Qi Guofu Wang Qiangbing, while Qi Jinggong was ignorant and regarded the art of war as dirt. Later, he dedicated the Art of War to He Lv, the king of Wu, and his only remaining manuscript. When Wu Chu went to war, the prince of Wu fought according to Sun Tzu's art of war and defeated the Chu army. King Chu Zhao learned that He Lv had this precious book, and offered a reward for its capture. The king of Wu hid it in Gusutai. The Vietnamese defeated Wu, burned Gusu, and burned the gauntlet. So the king of Chu threatened the king of Qi to hand over the author, and Sun Wuzi was afraid that the only remaining manuscript would fall into the hands of the ambitious king of Chu, so he let Guiguzi keep it. Guiguzi lived in seclusion in Yangcheng, Yingchuan with his manuscript. Yangcheng is close to Chu, and he is afraid of being discovered by Zhao Haoqi. He also waded through mountains and rivers, hiding in Fufeng Chiyang, Shaanxi Province, and living next to Dog Rong, and he was defeated repeatedly. So he crossed the Yellow River and settled in Yunmeng Mountain, Chao Ge, Dewey. Due to the hardships of the long journey, Guiguzi realized that to save the world from fire and water, Qiang Bing must be rich, support justice and overcome evil. He gathered in Yunmeng Mountain to give lectures and carried forward Sun Wuzi's art of war.