(1) Terrain and location
It is best to choose a place with high terrain, dry, good drainage and leeward and sunny. The high terrain is conducive to the drainage of rainwater and sewage in the field, and is conducive to maintaining the dryness and environmental sanitation of the fence; Leeward can avoid or reduce the attack of northwest wind on pigs in winter; Xiangyang means that the pig farm should have a slope facing south or southeast, which is not only conducive to drainage, but also can make full use of solar heating, reduce energy consumption and reduce feeding costs. Sandy soil is generally suitable for flat land, not for building fields in low-lying and humid places.
The location of pig farms should be far away from residential areas, work areas, production areas, schools and public places (generally 500 meters away) and in the downwind; Stay away from hospitals, livestock products processing plants, garbage and sewage treatment plants 1000 meters or more; It is forbidden to build fields in tourist areas, nature reserves, water source protection areas, livestock and poultry epidemic areas and areas with serious environmental pollution. This is not only conducive to their own safety, but also can reduce the harm of pig farm sewage, dirt and harmful gases to residents' health.
(2) Water resources and quality
Pig farms need a lot of water, the water quality should meet the hygienic standard of drinking water, and it is convenient to take water. It is best to use groundwater or tap water to ensure that it will not be polluted in the next few years.
(3) Transportation
The pig farm has a large transportation volume and close contact with the outside world, so it should be built in an area with convenient transportation. However, due to the strict epidemic prevention requirements of pig farms to prevent pollution to the surrounding environment, pig farms should be located in convenient and secluded places, but the main roads must be avoided.
(4) Energy supply
Large-scale pig farms with high modernization procedures have relatively complete mechanical and electrical equipment and need enough electricity to ensure the normal operation of pig production. Therefore, pig farms need to be built near the power supply to ensure power supply. In order to prevent power failure, it is best to equip a generator.
(5) Pollution discharge and environmental protection
Farmland, orchard, vegetable garden, etc. It should be around the pig farm to facilitate the sewage to flow by itself, and it is ideal to consume most or all of the feces on the spot.
Specialized pig farms are basically the same as factory pig farms, mainly considering conditions such as high and dry terrain, good epidemic prevention conditions, convenient transportation, sufficient water sources and convenient power supply. The larger the scale, the more stringent these conditions are.