Scientific name Sichuan golden monkey
English name snub-nosed monkey/golden monkey.
Soft hair is a precious animal unique to China, which lives in high mountains and dense forests. China golden monkey is divided into Sichuan golden monkey, Guizhou golden monkey and Yunnan golden monkey (and a Vietnamese golden monkey), all of which have been listed as national first-class protected animals [edit this paragraph]. The body length is about 70 cm and the tail length is about equal to or longer than the body length. Big nose, upturned. Thick lips, no cheek pouch. The long hair on the back is bright blue. The hair on the top of the head, neck, shoulders, upper arms, back and tail is gray-black, while the hair on the head side, neck side, ventral trunk and inner limbs is brown and very soft. Because its nostrils are extremely degraded, which is commonly known as "no nose bridge", its nostrils are upside down, so it is also called "upturned nose monkey".
There are four species of golden monkey, and only three species distributed in China are listed as national first-class protected animals.
The main differences are as follows: the hair on the face of Sichuan canary is sky blue, and the hair on both sides, chest and hind legs is golden yellow, which is distributed in Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi;
The face of Beti tree is white on both sides, and it is distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan and eastern Tibet.
There are 1 oval white hair areas between the two shoulders of Sparus brevidentatus, which are distributed between Guizhou and Sichuan.
Vietnamese golden monkeys are only distributed in the low-altitude subtropical rain forest in the limestone mountains between Xuanguang Province and North Pacific Province in northern Vietnam. [Edit this paragraph] Reproductive characteristics
Every autumn is the estrus of golden monkeys, and the sexual maturity of female monkeys is earlier than that of male monkeys. The female monkeys are about 4-5 years old, and the male monkeys are about 7 years later. Mating occurs all year round, but the peak of mating is August-10, and the pregnancy is about 6 months, more than 3-4 months, and some of them give birth in February or May. The pregnant period of female monkeys is about 6 months, usually one child and occasionally two children. The newborn monkey's face is dark blue, its fur is brown and its cry is like a baby's cry. Weighing more than one kilogram after one month. In adult monkeys, the male-female ratio is about 1:2. Natural enemies include jackals, wolves, golden cats and leopards, as well as eagles, vultures and vultures. [Edit this paragraph] Living environment The golden monkey is a typical forest arboreal animal, which inhabits the forest at an altitude of 1500-3300m all the year round. The vegetation types and vertical distribution zones of Yunnan golden monkey belong to four vegetation types: subtropical mountain evergreen, deciduous broad-leaved forest, subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forest, evergreen coniferous forest and secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. With the change of seasons, they don't migrate horizontally, but only move vertically in their habitats. In social life, all major clusters take small family clusters as their activity units. The largest group of primates can reach more than 600, and such a huge group is rare.
The historical evolution of the golden monkey occurred in the Qinling area of China in the Pleistocene period 6,543,800 years ago. It is generally believed that the origin of golden monkey is related to the middle monkey (an ancient colobus monkey) in Europe from late Miocene to Pliocene and the Doliehcpithecus in Europe.
The phylogenetic tree of golden monkey has always been controversial about the classification of the genus golden monkey. Some people have observed that it is fertile under artificial breeding and think that it should be four subspecies of the same species. At present, there is a consistent view that golden monkey was originally a species distributed in Hengduan Mountain area. Later, due to geological changes, reproductive isolation occurred and evolved into four species. This isolation occurred 25,000 years ago. These species are incomplete because of the short isolation time. According to different ecological characteristics, Yunnan golden monkey living in high altitude areas is called an evolutionary advanced species, while Vietnam golden monkey is relatively primitive, Sichuan golden monkey is closely related to Guizhou golden monkey, and Guizhou golden monkey is relatively primitive. [Edit this paragraph] Living habits Golden monkeys live in high mountains and dense forests. Mainly living in trees, but also looking for something to eat on the ground. Feed on wild fruits, buds, bamboo shoots and mosses. The staple food is leaves, shoots, flowers and fruits, as well as bark and roots. I like insects, birds and eggs. When eating, the mouth always looks so sweet!
Chen Shuaifo, chairman of China Feng Shui Association, thinks the golden monkey is very beautiful: sky-blue face, big mouth and protruding mouth. Because its nostrils are extremely degraded, commonly known as "no nose bridge" and its nostrils are upside down, it is also called "upturned nose monkey". In ancient times, some people were worried that rain water would pour into the stomach from this special nostril when it rained. Therefore, it was recorded in ancient books that when it rained, the tail of the golden monkey bifurcated and blocked the nostril with two tail tips. In fact, it should be a rumor that there are no animals with forked tails among terrestrial mammals.
Compared with other monkeys, golden monkeys are really beautiful, especially Sichuan golden monkeys. In the middle of the head, there is a dark brown crown that grows longer and longer, and the ears grow in ivory hair. A circle of orange needle hair sets off brown-red cheeks, and the chest and abdomen are pale yellow or white. The calluses on the buttocks are gray-blue, the scrotum of male animals is bright blue, and the tail of the golden monkey is almost as long as the body. Such dazzling fur has earned it the reputation of "golden monkey"
Maternal love is very prominent among primates. The female golden monkey shows meticulous care and love for her children, especially during lactation. The mother monkey always holds the little monkey tightly to her chest, or grabs the little monkey's tail, giving it no freedom to play at all. During this period, the husband who lived together day and night did his best to the "lady": he cut her hair and examined her scabbed skin, but he didn't want to touch his baby, let alone hug the little monkey and make out. The female golden monkey always holds the baby monkey with her back to her husband and doesn't give her husband a chance to caress her child.
The Monkey King enjoys privileges in the group. It is reported that one evening, a group of golden monkeys were found stealing fruit from walnut trees and apple trees behind the stockade and fled in a hurry. Unfortunately, they were stopped by a small river, and the big golden monkey jumped over, but the little golden monkey couldn't jump over, so he screamed. The monkey king who crossed the river then issued an "order" asking a male monkey to cross the river to meet him. The male golden monkey jumped over the river again and picked up the little monkey to cross the river. The little golden silk monkey was thrown into the water because of panic. When the golden monkeys saw it, they ran desperately along the river to rescue them, and rescued the little golden silk monkey ashore downstream. The Monkey King angrily walked into the male golden monkey, "pa" is a slap in the face. The male golden monkey knows that he is wrong and must be punished in an appropriate way.
The Sichuan golden monkey in the zoo has a very good memory. There was once such a thing in the zoo: a monkey king had a bad temper and scratched and bit the keeper. The keeper was so angry that he once punished the Monkey King for spanking him. Later, the breeder was transferred to other units. Half a year later, he came back to visit the golden monkey. The Monkey King recognized him in the crowd at once. In order to get revenge, he quickly found clods as "weapons" and threw them at the breeder's head, making the breeder laugh and cry.
Among the golden monkeys in China, Yunnan golden monkeys live in the snow-capped mountains and fir forests in remote Yunnan and Tibet, and the number is only 1000; Guizhou golden monkey only exists in Fan Jing, Guizhou, and the number is only over 700. Everyone is familiar with Sichuan golden monkey. Sichuan golden monkey, distributed in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Gansu, lives in the deep mountains, in groups, with golden cloaks on their backs, climbing trees, jumping and prancing. The golden monkey has been rented abroad for many times, which has achieved good exhibition effect and great sensation effect.
Endangered Vietnamese golden monkey
Chen Shuaifo, chairman of China Feng Shui Association, believes that golden monkeys have added infinite joy to our nature. Let's take action to protect the golden monkey and nature. Let the golden monkey be our faithful partner, and live happily with us with * * * * *! Let humans and animals get closer!