Question 2: Where is the ancient Guanzhong? Central Shaanxi
Guanzhong, or Guanzhong Plain, excites the Weihe River alluvial plain at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi, China, with an average elevation of about 500 meters. Also known as Guanzhong basin, the loess plateau in northern Shaanxi is in the north, and the mountains and Qinba mountains in southern Shaanxi are in the south. This is an area with developed industry and agriculture, dense population and rich land in Shaanxi, which is known as Qinchuan in 800 Li.
According to different ranges, the ancients used to call the area west of Hangu Pass Guanzhong. "The Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong wants to be the king of Guanzhong and make Zi Ying the phase." "On Qin": "The heart of the first emperor thought it was fixed in Guanzhong."
Guanzhong, because there is a big San Guan in the west, Hangu Guan in the east, Songguan in the north and Wuguan in the south, is a country blocked on all sides, so it is called Guanzhong. In the era of cold weapons, these four levels can be said to be guarded by one person and cannot be forced by ten thousand people. It is really impregnable. What makes the ancients value even more is that the climate here is mild and humid, with Beijing, health, abundance, waterlogging and skeleton, thin and stacked with five curtains.
Question 3: What was the state of Guanzhong in ancient times? In Yongzhou
Guanzhong: Weihe Plain is also called Guanzhong Plain. In the middle of Shaanxi Province.
Yongzhou (now north-central Shaanxi, except southeast Gansu, southeast Qinghai and Ningxia)
Question 4: What did Guanzhong mean in ancient times? Which level is "off"? The Big Three Pass is the only fortress in the southwest of Guanzhong. Bashu and Hanzhong have been the throats of Guanzhong since ancient times, and their strategic position is very important. As "Historical Records" said: "The north can't help but beam, and the south can't help but close", so it has become a place valued and contested by military strategists in past dynasties. There have been more than 70 enfeoffment campaigns in history. In 206 BC, Hanwang Liu Bang adopted Han Xin's statement: "Build a plank road in the Ming Dynasty, and sneak in.". Since Hanzhong, Chencang has returned to Sanqin by the old road and must pass through this pass; In the second year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 26), Yan Cen led his troops into Sanguan to Chencang; In the 20th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 15), Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty attacked Zhang Lu and entered the customs from Chencang. In the sixth year of Jianxing (A.D. 228), after Shu Han ascended the throne, Zhuge Liang left the customs and surrounded Chencang. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jin Wushu and Yan Wu, a famous Southern Song Dynasty star, met here many times in order to get through the passage into Shu. The occurrence of these wars shows the military importance of the three levels.
Because of its important strategic position, the Big Three Pass has been one of the four gateways in Guanzhong since ancient times (Hangu Pass in the east, Wuguan Pass in the south, Big Three Pass in the west and Xiaoguan Pass in the north).
Question 5: Where did the ancient Guanzhong, Hanzhong and Zhongyuan refer to? It was there during the warring States period. It is generally considered to be east of Dasanguan, west of Hangu, north of Wuguan and south of Xiaoguan, including Xi City, Tongchuan City, Baoji City, Xianyang City and Weinan City, and Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, 12 dynasties have established their capitals here.
Hanzhong has a long history and is the birthplace of the Han family, with a history of more than 2,300 years. In 206 BC, little-known stories such as the plank road built by Han Ming, the secret crossing of Chencang and Zhuge Liang's stationing troops in Hanzhong all happened in this land. The appellations of Han Dynasty, * *, Han nationality, Chinese language and Chinese culture come down in one continuous line to this day. Hanzhong is adjacent to Qinling Mountains in the north and Daba Mountain in the south.
The Central Plains in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "those who win the Central Plains win the world", and Henan is also a long-term political, economic and cultural center from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to China in the Northern Song Dynasty. More than 20 dynasties, including Xia, Shang, Western Zhou (Luoyi), Eastern Zhou, Western Han (early), Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang (including Wu Zhou), Five Dynasties, Northern Song and Jin, all established their capitals on this land.
But in ancient times, Guanzhong, Hanzhong and Zhongyuan generally referred to places where the Han people lived in compact communities.
Question 6: Where does Guanzhong mean? Guanzhong refers to the Guanzhong Plain, which is now in the area of Xi City, Shaanxi Province.
Weihe Plain, also known as Guanzhong Plain or Weihe Basin, is a graben structural plain. It is located between Qinling Mountain and Weibei Mountain (Laolongshan Mountain, Eluan Mountain, Wangyaoshan Mountain, Yaoshan Mountain, Huanglong Mountain, etc.). ). It starts from Baoji in the west and reaches Tongguan in the east, with an altitude of about 323-800 meters, a length of about 350 kilometers from east to west and an area of about 36,000 square kilometers. Because it is between Hangu Pass (later also called Tongguan Pass) and Dasanguan Pass (once said to be between Hangu Pass, Dasanguan Pass, Wuguan Pass and Xiaoguan Pass), it was called "Guanzhong" in ancient times and also called "Qinzhong". The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were the hometown of Qin, including Xi 'an, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, Tongchuan and Yangling demonstration areas. It is about 350 kilometers long from east to west, with an average elevation of about 500 meters. Narrow in the west and wide in the east, it is known as "Qinchuan in 800 Li".
Weihe Plain is a graben, which is formed by the alluvial of Weihe River and its tributaries Jinghe River and Luohe River, and belongs to the key main part of Weihe fault basin belt. Irrigation has been developed since ancient times and is rich in wheat and cotton. It is an important commodity grain producing area in China. It was the first time that China was called "a golden city with thousands of miles, a land of abundance".
There are natural terrain barriers on all sides, which are easy to defend but difficult to attack. Since the Warring States period, there has been a saying of "one country, four blockades". Therefore, in the Han Dynasty, Zhang Liang summed up the advantages of Guanzhong with "a golden city of thousands of miles" and persuaded Liu Bang to make it the capital of Guanzhong. During the Warring States Period, Su Qin told Qin Chen about the plan of "Lian Heng", praising Guanzhong's "fertile land, rich people, numerous chariots, tackling all kinds of difficulties, fertile land and fertile land, accumulating wealth and accumulating little", and said that "this so-called fertile land is also the overlord country in the world", more than half a century earlier than Chengdu Plain was awarded the title of "Land of Abundance". This is because Guanzhong has become a treasure trove of geomantic omen and the capital of emperors since Zheng Guoqu was restored in the Warring States Period.
Question 7: What does Guanzhong mean? Broadly speaking, it refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the north of the upper reaches of the Huaihe River with Heluo area as the center. Including today's Henan Province, southeastern Shanxi Province, southern Hebei Province, western Shandong Province, northwestern Jiangsu Province, northern Anhui Province and other vast areas. The narrow sense of the Central Plains refers to the present Henan Province.
The Central Plains, which originally meant "Yuan Ye under heaven", is the birthplace of Chinese civilization, the cradle of the Chinese nation and the ancestral home of the Han nationality, and is regarded as the center of the world by the Chinese nation. The Central Plains is also called Middle Earth, Middle Earth and Midsummer. With the great integration of the Chinese nation and the expansion of the Central Plains civilization, the Central Plains region has spread. The Huaxia nationality with more advanced culture calls itself Huaxia because it is different from Siyi. With the spread of Central Plains culture, some areas that were still four barbarians in Xia and Shang Dynasties have been included in the Central Plains cultural area.
Guanzhong Plain is a graben structural plain. Qinling Mountains and Weibei Mountain (Laolongshan, Guaishan, Wangyaoshan, Yaoshan, etc.). ). It starts from Baoji in the west and reaches Tongguan in the east, with an altitude of about 325-800 meters and a length of about 300 kilometers from east to west. It covers an area of about 34,000 square kilometers. It was called "Guanzhong" in ancient times because it was between Hangu Pass and Big Three Pass (one said it was between Hangu Pass, Big Three Pass, Wuguan Pass and Xiaoguan Pass). During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the hometown of Qin, including Xi 'an, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, Tongchuan and Yangling districts. It is 300 kilometers long from east to west, with an average elevation of about 500 meters. Narrow in the west and wide in the east, it is known as "Qinchuan in 800 Li".
Weihe plain is a fault depression area, that is, graben, which was later alluvial by Weihe River and its tributaries Jinghe River and Luohe River. Irrigation has been developed since ancient times, and it is rich in wheat and cotton. It is an important commodity grain producing area in China. It was the first time that China was called "a golden city with thousands of miles, a land of abundance".
There are natural terrain barriers on all sides, which are easy to defend but difficult to attack. Since the Warring States period, there has been a saying of "one country, four blockades". Therefore, in the Han Dynasty, Zhang Liang summed up the advantages of Guanzhong with "a golden city of thousands of miles" and persuaded Liu Bang to make it the capital of Guanzhong. During the Warring States Period, Su Qin told Qin Chen about the plan of "Lian Heng", praising Guanzhong's "fertile land, rich people, numerous chariots, tackling all kinds of difficulties, fertile land and fertile land, accumulating wealth and accumulating little", and said that "this so-called fertile land is also the overlord country in the world", more than half a century earlier than Chengdu Plain was awarded the title of "Land of Abundance". This is because Guanzhong has become a treasure trove of geomantic omen and the capital of emperors since Zheng Guoqu was restored in the Warring States Period.
Question 8: Excuse me, where do the ancient Guanzhong and Sanqin refer to? Guanzhong, or Guanzhong Plain, refers to the Weihe River alluvial plain at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi, China, with an average elevation of about 500 meters. Also known as Guanzhong basin, the loess plateau in northern Shaanxi is in the north, and the mountains and Qinba mountains in southern Shaanxi are in the south. This is an area with developed industry and agriculture, dense population and rich land in Shaanxi, which is known as Qinchuan in 800 Li. The name of Guanzhong began in the Warring States period. It is generally believed that there are three passes in the west (Daguan Pass), Hangu Pass in the east, Wuguan Pass in the south and Xiaoguan Pass in the north, among the four passes (Tongguan Pass in the east and Jinsuo Pass Pass in the north). The pass extending in all directions, coupled with the two natural barriers of the northern Shaanxi Plateau and the Qinling Mountains, has made Guanzhong a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. Guanzhong has fertile land, criss-crossing rivers and mild climate, which is called "Huang Jincheng Thousand Miles", "Land of Abundance" and "Land of Four Blocks" in history books. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, 12 dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted for more than 1 100 years. In addition, the cradle of Chinese civilization is in the Yellow River basin, and the cradle of Yellow River civilization is in the Weihe River basin (Guanzhong). According to myths, legends and archaeological excavations, Yan Di and Huangdi from western China are recognized as the earliest kings and "ancestors of mankind". The ancestral homes and tombs of Yan Di and Huangdi are in Guanzhong area. Archaeological excavations have confirmed that Guanzhong is one of the most important and concentrated cradles of ancient civilization in China. There are Lantian and Dali cultures hundreds of thousands of years ago, as well as Banpo culture, a typical representative of Yangshao culture. For example, Jiangzhai, Lintong, Banpo and Baoji's cockfighting platform in Xi 'an are the earliest cradles of primitive agriculture in China, forming the earliest production technologies such as farming, building houses, weaving and pottery making, and even creating the earliest characters. Among the cultural relics unearthed in Xi 'an, there are a series of evidences of the earliest culture in China, such as the earliest agricultural and fishery tools in Banpo, the earliest pottery kiln, the earliest Wen Tao, the earliest civil buildings and the earliest bone carving head in Jiawan. Guanzhong Plain is a well-deserved cradle of Chinese civilization and one of the most important centers of human origin and prehistoric culture in Asia.
Sanqin refers to Shanxi. Reason: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Shaanxi was ruled by Qin, so later generations called Shaanxi "Qin" for short. The main mountain range across central Shaanxi is called "Qinling"; Weihe plain is called Qinchuan, and Shaanxi is also called Sanqin.