This building is a classical garden house in Renaissance, which was designed by Hudac, a famous Hungarian architect. Hudac worked in Shanghai for nearly 30 years, and designed many famous residential buildings, including Xie Qiaolong residence (garden), Wu residence and residence. After the house design was completed, the owner hired Tao Guilin, a good friend of Wu and the boss of Tao Fuji (Tao is also the builder of the famous Shanghai International Hotel and an expert in architecture) to take charge of the construction. The design and construction of two people's cooperation is really a match made in heaven, adding luster to this house.
Liu's garden residence was built in 193 1, which is a grand and solemn building imitating European classical Greek style. Greece is the birthplace of European culture, and ancient Greek architecture is the first in Europe. The building structure belongs to the beam-column system. The main buildings in the early days were all made of stone, and the walls were also made of stone. The stones are smooth and delicate, and the joints are tight. Although there are few changes in the form of Greek architecture and the internal space is closed and simple, architects of many schools in later generations have borrowed from Greek architecture, especially the column system is the creation of ancient Greeks in architectural art.
This house has the style of a palace, and its shape and columns are exemplary. It is designed according to the story of Cupid and Psyche in Greek mythology, so it is also called Cupid Garden. In the solemn building, the designer injected elegance and charm, especially in the south facade. Through Onek's two-story grooved column porch, the door and column at the bottom were designed as a large bluestone platform. The second floor column is an open arc balcony with cast iron decorative railings, which is particularly eye-catching and gorgeous, showing the light and elegant female beauty. The plane function of this building is arranged into two wings of the main hall, a symmetrical facade and three parts. Except the entrance, the south facade is built with clear water bricks, and the upper part is decorated with white powder. The window decoration has many styles, such as flat arch, arc arch and triangle, and there are toothed belts under the eaves. There are stained glass west hall, large crystal lamp hall, staircase with unique arc and magnificent giant columns, all of which are exquisite sketches of the house.
South porch is the main entrance of the house, which is a triple arch. There is a high-open hall inside the door, where the Liu family holds large-scale banquets or dances. The smallpox in the main hall is very beautiful. I don't know how many foreigners looked up and looked surprised. They have never seen such beautiful smallpox. East is the living room, west is the dining room, and equipped with a kitchen, bathroom, convenient access. The whole ground floor has complete functions, reasonable layout and beautiful environment. There are bedrooms, living rooms and study rooms on the second floor, and practical rooms such as bedrooms and storage rooms on the third floor.
This house has complete supporting facilities and extremely safe living environment. Equipped with boiler room and central heating system to supply heating and hot water. There are two bathrooms on each floor, and all the sanitary wares are available. The servants of the Liu family all live in the auxiliary building facing the street in the north, and the garage is just below. There are flower beds, tree altars and lawns in the big garden. Ornamental stones such as stalagmites and Taihu Stone are scattered in the park, which are integrated with plants and have unique scenery. In addition, there are tennis courts, greenhouses and other facilities in the park, and garden sketches such as fountains, grape racks and stone chairs greatly enhance the taste of garden houses.
There is a fountain in front of the house, which is located on the central axis of the garden and is the soul of the whole garden. A fountain shaped like a butterfly, with a pillar supporting a water tray with a statue of psyche on it. There are four little angels and four fish at Prueher's feet. Some little angels ride the fish, others hug the fish. The water in the fish's mouth sprayed on the statue, fell into the water tray and then flowed into the pool. There are four Shi Wa around the pool, which are lifelike. The little angel statue is as big as a real person, lively and lovely. The whole statue is made of white marble, with a beautiful face, resembling modern Italian women. It is full of rhythm and movement, showing an intoxicating beauty. This statue was made in Italy by Hudac at his own expense and was given to the Liu family. The famous architect wants to thank Liu Jisheng for giving him a good opportunity, because he wants to create a model of garden architecture style with the story of Prussia. Liu Jia Garden has realized his dream and pursuit for many years, which he believes is the mission he is destined to accomplish in his architectural design career.
The conception of this "love garden" is related to the famous painting Bath in Poerxiusi by the famous British academic painter Leiden. In this painting, Leiden shows the moment when psyche takes off her tulle dress and prepares to take a bath. Looking back, she is slim and graceful, and her characters fully show the artist's unique imagination. Some important details of Liu Jia Garden can be found in Leiden's paintings, such as columns, steps, pools, the golden capital of Onek, and even the almost wide stone road. The perfect psyche image in Leiden's paintings is the ideal beauty that Hudac pursues.
After more than 70 years of wind and rain, this perfect residential building still stands proudly. The new and old owners have stood the test of time and created and maintained this European classic building for Shanghai, a modern international city.
The owner of the house, Liu Jisheng, was born in Dinghai, Zhejiang Province, in the 15th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, that is, in June of 889 1 1. He studied at St. John's University in Shanghai and is the younger brother of Liu Hongsheng, a famous patriotic industrialist in old Shanghai. Liu's Enterprise Group, Rong's Cotton Spinning Group, Guo's Yongan Group and Jane's Nanyang Tobacco Group, headed by Liu Hongsheng, are known as the "four kings" of the industrial and commercial circles in old Shanghai and old China. Liu Hongsheng is called "King of Coal", "King of Matches" and "King of Cement".
/kloc-When he was 0/8 years old, Liu Hongsheng worked as a running broker in Kaiping Mining Company, England, and was later appointed as the No.1 comprador of the company in Shanghai. Since then, Liu Hongsheng, with his younger brother Liu Jisheng, has traveled all over Nantong, Jiangyin, Nanjing, Wuhu, Suzhou, Zhenjiang, Yixing and other cities and villages, set up coal mines, and even went deep into the ash kiln to lobby for the benefits of replacing firewood with coal. The result was a great success, monopolizing the coal market in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the vast areas along Beijing and Shanghai. Since then, the sales volume of coal has increased sharply, reaching 2.5 million tons a year at most, making the average annual income of Liu Hongsheng's brothers exceed 200,000 yuan. In less than 10 years, Liu Hongsheng, who was less than 30 years old, became a monopoly and celebrity in Shanghai in the 1920s. Liu Jisheng was his right-hand man when his brother started from a coal mine. In the following year 10, Liu Hongsheng realized the grand plan of Match Enterprise Trust, and established Huadong Coal Mine, Shanghai Cement Factory, Zhanghua Wool Textile Factory, Huafeng Enamel Factory and China Wharf. Almost all of these enterprises have shares and were appointed by his brother as the managing director and general manager of China Enterprise Bank, which owns Liu Enterprise. He also served as the chairman of Hong Kong Match Factory, director of Peicheng Girls' School, director of more than a dozen enterprises such as Greater China Match Company and Shanghai Cement Company. It can be seen that the two brothers are closely related and play an important role in Liu Group.
From 65438 to 0947, Liu Jisheng's family moved to Hongkong, leaving only his second daughter Liu Lianzhi to look after the house. 1962101October 8th, Liu Jisheng died. From 65438 to 0952, Liu Zhai was accepted by the real estate department and later changed to Shanghai Writers Association. 1999, the building was listed as an excellent building protection unit in modern Shanghai.
Liu Jisheng, born in Dinghai (present-day Zhoushan), Zhejiang Province, was born in1889165438+10/0, and was the younger brother of Liu Hongsheng, a famous patriotic industrialist in the Republic of China. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Liu's first generation immigrated to Shanghai Concession to run the entertainment industry, which laid the foundation for the development of Liu's family. The second generation Liu Xianxi became a comprador of China Merchants, and his family was fairly well-off. The third generation, represented by Liu Hongsheng, wrote the most brilliant stroke in Liu's pioneering history, making it one of the few rich families in Shanghai. Liu Hongsheng and Liu Jisheng both studied under the famous Shanghai teacher Liu Jisheng.