"Bearing the yin and embracing the yang" is one of the basic forms of building site selection and architectural style. Whether it is my country’s geographical location in the northern hemisphere or the spiritual consciousness of traditional culture, it determines the directionality and sense of space reflected in the building site selection through the form of “bearing the yin and embracing the yang”. Sitting north and facing south is the basic form of "carrying yin and embracing yang". According to the geographical meridian orientation, a flat sundial is used for orientation. Moreover, the complete north-south orientation is limited to royal buildings and government buildings. This idea comes from the "Book of Changes"; " The sage faces south to listen to the world and governs toward the bright." True south and true north embody power and dignity, and are also the main content of the Feng Shui concept of Liqi School. In the folk, magnetic compasses are often used to measure houses, and the direction is determined based on the geographical meridian and the geomagnetic meridian. Since there is a declination between the geomagnetic meridian and the geographical meridian, this determines that although the folk buildings generally face south, they are completely facing north and south. Not much, mostly southeasterly turns.
In the mountainous areas of southern Anhui, the terrain is complex and changeable, and it is unrealistic to completely use the concept of sitting north and facing south to embody "bearing yin and embracing yang". Therefore, there is an applicable Feng Shui concept of facing mountains and water as an embodiment. Another way to "take the yin and embrace the yang" is the Feng Shui theory of the situational school. This approach does not impose any restrictive requirements on orientation, but pays attention to the combination of the natural environment of mountains and rivers. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the book "Guanzi" summarized the construction site selection: "Whenever the capital is established, it must not be under the mountains, but must be above Guangchuan. The height should not be close to drought, and there should be enough water, and the bottom should not be close to water. And ditch defense saves."
The overall shape of Chengkan Village is facing east from the west, which fully embodies the "negative yin and embrace yang" form of mountains on the back and water on the side. The west of the village is close to Geshan and Liwang Mountains, to the north are Longshan and Changchun Mountains, to the south are Longpanshan and Xiajie Mountains, to the east of the village is the Chuan River running from north to south, and to the east of the river are thousands of acres of farmland. Chengkan Village is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with flat terrain but a certain slope. This beautiful natural environment and good local microclimate environment are obtained through the practice of the Feng Shui concept of "negative Yin and embracing Yang".
Chengkan Fifth Street extends generally parallel to the Zhongchuan River and runs north-south. The alleys are perpendicular to the streets and run east-west. The streets and alleys are all paved with granite stones. The houses on both sides are lined up in rows, connected vertically and horizontally, arranged in an orderly manner, with green walls and black tiles, high and low, black and white, elegant and elegant. The long streets and short alleys are intertwined, like a maze. , one scene at a time, different scenes at each step, scenes are everywhere, people are in the paintings, and the joy is endless; there are one Song and Yuan buildings each in Chengkan, one of which is Changchun Society, the Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty buildings are the only ones left in Huizhou It is an ancient public building for worshiping the earth god; the second one is Luohuitai House (commonly known as Laohurun), which is a Yuan Dynasty building, square, tall and exquisite, like an ancient castle.
Chengkan not only has a large number of Ming and Qing buildings, but also has various types of ancestral halls, residences, watchtowers and stone bridges. Only 7 three-story residences are still preserved, especially the stone archway of Luo Huijong House (Luo Yinghe's official residence). Door cover; the wooden archway door cover, Xumi pedestal, tall living room and single-column spiral staircase of Luo Huibing's house (commonly known as the Stone Pillar Hall); the fish pond on the patio of Luo Changming's house; the carved roof of Luo Jiying's house; the pig trough patio of Luo Lailong's house; the secret of the branch shrine of the nursing home Wall staircase; ceramic water tree in Wang Guixiu's house; water pavilion in Huanxiu Bridge; stone pavilion in Lingshan Ridge, as well as the slanting door, iron door, beauty seat in the hall, window shame board, stone carving, wood carving, brick carving and moon beam, The Ming Dynasty buildings in Chengkan ancient village that have been preserved to this day have been extensively damaged, but they still rank first in Huangshan City. They are rich in types and unique in style, and are unique in the country. Therefore, it is known as "Chengkan residential buildings". In the history of Chengkan, there have been many high-ranking officials, hermits, eminent monks, wealthy businessmen, poets, painters, historians, Mohists, and natural scientists. Su Dongpo commented in the inscription of "Luo Family Genealogy" that "the literary, moral and military achievements were left on bamboo slips, and the Neo-Confucianism and Confucianism were inherited first." For example, Luo Ruji, the official secretary of the Song Dynasty, Luo Yuan, the author of the first local "Xin'an Chronicle" in Anhui Province, Luo Qi, the imperial concubine of the Yuan Dynasty, Luo Yinghe, the imperial censor of the Youqian capital of the Ming Dynasty, Luo Longwen, the master of calligraphy, Luo Hongxian, the geographer, Luo Honghua, the court official of the Qing Dynasty, Luo Tingmei, the official of Zhifeng Dynasty, Luo Pin, the rising star of the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou , Luo Huitan, secretary of the cabinet secretary Sun Yat-sen in modern times, Luo Changming, a connoisseur of cultural relics, Luo Liaofu, a contemporary physicist, etc. Among them, Luo Ruji, Luo Yuan, Luo Longwen, Luo Hongxian, and Luo Pin are recorded in the "Dictionary of Chinese Celebrities". Huizhou merchants emerged in Chengkan after the Song Dynasty. Jia was fond of Confucianism, combined with Jia De, and connected Confucianism and politics. The cultural and educational undertakings prospered, making it unique and leading in the development of Huizhou culture and history. Just as Zhu Xi praised in the preface of "Luo Family Genealogy", "The Jinshi family has a distinguished family and is the first in She literature."
The land and water support the people. The city is rich in beauty, talented people, prosperous and enduring. It is a well-deserved cultural village and the first village in the south of the Yangtze River. China International I Ching Feng Shui Research and Planning Institute