Lipper
The king of Qin swept Liuhe, eyeing up, he Xiongzai!
Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents.
Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Minghui Ji Ling was employed by Langxietai.
700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life.
Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering.
You can't see Penglai if you cover the blue sky.
When will Xu Shi's boat carrying Miss Qin return?
But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
The main purpose of this poem is to satirize Xuanzong's superstition of immortals in the Tang Dynasty by the words of Qin Shihuang. In terms of ideological content, Li Bai is not unique, but in terms of its surging opening and closing momentum and thrilling artistic effect, it is indeed unique. The whole poem can be roughly divided into two parts, the former is the object and the latter is the subject. The main technique is to suppress first, then raise, then open, and finally cover the coffin.
From the beginning of the article to the "evil platform", the previous paragraph praised Qin Wang's great talent and great cause of reunification. The first four sentences strongly exaggerate the prestige of Qin Shihuang in destroying six countries and leveling the world. Not to mention pacifying the four seas, to "sweep" the empty "Liuhe" (including the four corners of heaven and earth), the first thing is to publicize the prestige of the king of Qin. It is even more aggressive, using "eyeing" to describe its vigorous posture. From the second sentence, there is "the tiger catches people." To write about the concrete situation of unifying the world is like folding bamboo. The word "floating clouds" symbolizes the chaotic and dark situation in the world at that time, but as soon as he waved his sword, the Atlas area was settled, and the word "decision" of one person seemed so decisive that it felt like cutting the gordian knot. As a result, all the princes in the world came from the west, and all the ministers belonged to Qin. Because every word is powerful and every sentence is full of tone, there is no need for two words of praise, and the meaning of praise is beyond words. The sentence "Ming Jue" was written as "great ambition, great ambition", but whether it is "Ming Jue" or "great ambition", "apocalypse" or "rough outline", the highest praise for politicians was finally used. At this point, the poem has been mentioned again and again to prepare for the turning point in the second half. Following the sentence "Retreat", it is also a flamboyant style to write two major measures to consolidate political power after Qin Shihuang unified the world. The first is to collect folk weapons from all over the country, cast them into twelve Jin people, eliminate resistance, and make "the world is poisoned", which can open the throat of Qin State and the traffic in the East. Second, in Langxietai, Huijishan and other places, carved stones to praise Qin Gongde, and made public propaganda for maintaining reunification. "Huijiling" and "Langxietai" are far apart, thousands of miles apart, and the poet wrote it immediately, just like walking between families. The image of "Wang Cheng" vividly shows the spiritual outlook of the King of Qin at that time. There are many measures to unify the Qin Dynasty. If you choose the most important one, you will have a broad outline and a concise heroic narrative. Praise for the king of Qin has reached its peak, but the extremes meet. This is like the opening of Qin Shang, vigorous and powerful, which makes the later anti-fall pen more powerful.
After 12 sentence, according to the vivid description of historical facts, it satirizes the absurd behavior of Qin Wang's arrogance, extravagance, and delusion of longevity. First expose the luxury of repairing the tomb in Lishan. Thirty-five years after Qin Shihuang ascended the throne, more than 700,000 prisoners who committed castration built Epang Palace and Lishan Tomb, which were extremely extravagant and poor. Then expose his foolish behavior of seeking immortality at sea. In the twenty-eighth year of the first emperor, the Qi people Xu said that there were three sacred mountains on the sea, including Penglai, with immortals and elixirs, so the first emperor sent Xu to the sea with thousands of children, men and women, to pursue them, but for several years there was no result. This is the matter of "collecting fairy medicine" "Being at a loss makes my heart sad" is a fear and emptiness that greed may not satisfy. For the last paragraph, these four sentences have a sharp turn, really like a fine horse pouring down the slope. Writing that the first emperor built Gaoling without dying exposed his selfish, contradictory and frivolous inner world. However, the poet did not finish his article hastily, and set off another wave, and finally went bankrupt in the pursuit of immortality. According to historical records, Xu lied that there were big fish in the sea and could not get medicine, so the first emperor sent people to fish along the coast with strong crossbows and killed a whale in the sea near Yantai, Shandong Province today. This passage uses romantic imagination and highly exaggerated techniques to make the whaling scene bizarre, colorful and thrilling. The long whale suddenly appeared on the sea like a mountain. When it ejects a water column, the water waves are exciting, and the clouds are full of thunder. When it opens, it actually covers the blue sky. The poet's writing in this way not only adds a thrilling and absurd mystery to the poem, but also creates an illusion of hope, which is a fatal fall at the end of the article. The long whale has conquered, and the medicine for immortality can always be found. Otherwise, not long after, the first emperor died on his way around the city. "But see the golden coffin buried under three springs", this is the last stroke to prevent falling, and it is really thrilling to let the king of Qin fall to the ground outside the cloud nine. These two sentences are steep in brushwork and cold in tone. The British master who was so "decisive" at the beginning was deceived by the alchemist again and again. Fairy failed, leaving only a pile of cold ashes, and "Xu Shi is pregnant with Qin's daughter. When will the ship come back? " Let the alchemist bargain. How heartless the mockery of history is.
Although this poem celebrates history, it was not written by Qin Shihuang alone. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Qin Shihuang were quite similar: both of them made great efforts to govern the country, then they were extravagant and extravagant, and finally they were superstitious about the alchemist's vain hope for life. According to Zi Tong Zhi Jian, "(Xuanzong) respected Taoism and longed for a long life, so he argued for Fu Rui, and all his ministers congratulated him on his absence." The result of such foolish behavior is bound to be harmful to the country. It can be seen that Li Bai's poem is emotional. The whole poem combines historical facts with exaggerated imagination, narration with discussion and lyricism. It is a masterpiece of Li Bai's "ancient style", full of critical realism and romantic passion. (Hu)