The Moon Image in Li Bai's Poems

This is how the homesickness in Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night comes from: "The foot of the bed is bright, but is there frost?" Looking up, I found that it was moonlight and sank again, and I suddenly remembered home. " When the poet "looked up and found it was moonlight", a wisp of homesickness rose from his heart. Such a process of homesickness is not only easy for people to understand, but also experienced by many people themselves, breaking through the emotional barrier between poets and readers due to different life experiences, and has been deeply loved by people for thousands of years. The moon in the poem is no longer a purely objective image, but an image full of poet's feelings. In Li Bai's poems, there are a lot of poems about the moon, such as: "I am worried about the bright moon, and I only go to the west with the wind" (Li Bai's "I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiaoyao to leave"); "High light flashing; My thoughts are getting deeper and deeper, and I sigh at the full moon "(Li Bai's Sauvignon Blanc); "From a pot of wine among the flowers, I drank it alone. No one is with me. Until I raised my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us. " (Li Bai's "Drinking the Bright Moon Alone"); "The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds shine like palaces. Water brings you the feeling of home, pulling your boat for 300 miles. " (Li Bai's "Jingmen Ferry Farewell to Friends"). Other bright moons, which have entrusted the poet's love for the moon, are often characterized by the nature of the moon, but more often they are endowed with rich and profound symbolic significance. Therefore, the bright moon is highly personified by the poet and endowed with human thoughts and feelings. "When Jing Quan enters the boudoir in the moon, the golden urn glows with sadness" (Sitting at Night), "The moon desires to go to the long hall, but the deep palace is not worried for the time being", "Hanging the clear sky at night, taking pictures of Nagato imperial ladies alone" (Nagato's two complaints), "When the moon sets, the candle ends in the low porch, and the flying flowers settle and laugh at the empty bed" (Spring Complaint). Through it, ladies-in-waiting and ladies-in-waiting miss the moon, making poetry more vivid and interesting, showing unique artistic charm. As Mr. Zhang Fuqing pointed out: "Whenever poets write about the moon, they often regard the moon as friends, relatives and lovers, pour out their feelings to it, communicate with it with their own hearts, open their hearts to it naively like children, and embrace the moon with the purest, most sincere and warmest feelings." [4] (pp. 166- 167) also shows that the poet does not agree with the secular noble personality. The symbolic significance of the moon in Li Bai's poems mainly includes the following aspects, which the author briefly expounds. The moon symbolizes beauty and love. In ancient times, people thought the sun was the sun, so they called it the sun. The moon is cloudy, so it is called lunar. Therefore, people often use the month to describe the beauty of women's appearance, posture and sentiment, such as "the beauty of the month" and "the shame of closing the moon". In The Book of Songs, there is a poem "The Moon is Beautiful, Shu Yao corrects it and works hard", which sets off the purity and beauty of women with a bright moon. The moon image in Li Bai's poems also has this symbol and metaphor. For example, "Bright eyes and bright moon, smiling in the whole city" ("Antique" 26), using metaphor and exaggerated brushwork to write the beauty of women; "Walking on the pavilion road, the beauty is worried about the smoke" ("Back to the Top") describes a woman in a palace wandering in the moonlight on the pavilion road with a balcony in the sky in the dead of night. Her sadness lies in that her wish for good luck to the king has been shattered again and again, showing an ethereal image of a worried beauty; The moon is exquisite, people's grievances are lined up, and the pen is written from the opposite side, which is not a loss. "A cup reflects a sail, like a moon cloud" ("Meeting the Moon"), which is a metaphor for people and the moon, and people and the moon. The shy appearance of the songwriter who covers his face with a song fan is like the moon in the clouds, sometimes covered with dark clouds and sometimes half exposed. "Cuie Chanjuan shines in the first month, and the beauty sings and dances" ("Remembering the past"). The songwriter is beautiful and refined, just like the brilliance of the new moon, with outstanding dancing skills and sweet singing. "The breeze blows songs into the air, and songs fly around" (ditto). In fact, this also reflects the best feeling in the world, that is love, which is not superfluous. The bright moon symbolizes the yearning for hometown, relatives and friends. The poet is far away from his hometown relatives, wandering abroad all the year round, and can't help homesick for the bright moon. "Days borrow the bright moon, blue sky and white clouds. Hometown is invisible, heartbroken and looking to the west. " ("You Qiu Bai Pu's Two Wrong Poems") I miss my hometown relatives for the bright moon and have deep feelings. Silent Night Thinking is such a masterpiece of chanting the moon. The poet is deeply impressed by the "precipice leaning on the moon" ("Hundred Zhao Mountain in Anlu"), so "If it snows at night, it is thought-provoking to see it" ("Autumn Mountain as a comfort"), and he misses his relatives and friends because of the moon. "I am worried about the bright moon, and I will go to Yelangxi with the wind." ("I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln to send this letter") The poet turned his deep affection for his friends into whimsy, and asked Yue Ming to visit his friends in Yelang to convey his sincere concern for his old friends. It can be called the eternal swan song of expressing friendship by chanting the moon. Li Bai's greatness lies in that he often extends his personal love affairs to show the thoughts and feelings of all people in the world, especially the homesickness of people under the moon, such as: "The moon shines with a bow shadow, and Hu Jian blows frost flowers" ("Song of the Frontier"), "The moon hangs over the capital and is washed with a hammer. The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. Oh, when will the Tatar army be conquered and when will my husband come back from the long battle! "(Midnight Wu Ge) is about a thoughtful woman in Chang 'an, who is busy making warm clothes in the moonlight and giving them to her husband in the frontier. They are eager for the early end of the war, let their husbands return home as soon as possible, and express their deep feelings of missing their husbands on a moonlit night. The poet expresses the common aspiration and voice of the people. Use the bright moon to symbolize your persistent pursuit of life ideals. The poet once had great political ambitions and life ideals of "helping the poor", "securing the country" and "worrying about Li Yuan". He also used Dapeng as a metaphor and metaphor many times in his poems. He thought Dapeng was easy to become famous. "We all aim high, want to go to the sky and embrace the bright moon" (Uncle Yun of Xie Tiao Building in Xuanzhou) is a vivid reflection and image portrayal of his lofty ambition. Admittedly, this also reflects the unrealistic fantasy of the poet's way to realize his ideal in life. In particular, his arrogant personality of "indomitable and unwilling to work for others" made him "pay back the money" after his short career as a poet in Beijing and suffered the most serious setback in his life, but he never gave in. In "Dream on Mount Tianmu", he clearly declared: "Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials whose sincere faces will never be seen?" In order to stick to his ideal, he never indulged in self-degradation, showed contempt and determination for the rulers, and insisted on finding his ideal world: "My heart and dream are in Wu and Yue, and I flew over the mirror lake and the bright moon overnight", which showed his persistent pursuit of the ideal of life. The bright moon symbolizes the noble quality of people. When the ancients described the moon, they often expressed its brightness, purity and purity. Li Bai often used the moon as a symbol of noble quality. "Clouds see the sun and the moon, casting and smelting fire refined mercury" (Shang Yunle). The poet thinks that the sun is made of fire and the moon is made of mercury, so it is so pure. "In order to see the moon in the water, violets come out of the dust" ("Accompany Uncle Dangtu to visit Huacheng Temple to raise the public and clear the wind pavilion"), and write the elegant and clean nature of violets that come out of the mud but are not stained in the water, in order to compare the upright image of raising the public and "helping others but not helping others"; "Living in a mixed crowd has no reputation. Why should it be as high as the moon or clouds?" (The third part of it is hard to go) Advise people to be indifferent to fame and fortune, be kind to others, be kind to themselves, and not pursue the so-called lofty reputation; Another example is "The sky is high and the clouds are pale and the moon is white, and seagulls know the silence" (Part I of Supplementary Records for Hanyang), "Spring blossoms, blue sea and clouds in autumn ... the breeze is clear and jade is clear, and the stream is bright and fragrant", "Seeing the clear moon on the roller blind, it is suspected that it is snowing in the night", "Seeing the heart and the water and the moon, you get a pearl" ("Giving Xuanzhou") and "The moon" The poet used the bright moon to compare the great contribution of Chao Heng, a Japanese monk, to the development of Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges, and to commemorate his noble character and days of our lives when he gave his life for Sino-Japanese friendship, which became a much-told story in the history of Sino-Japanese exchanges. In addition, the poet also used the poem "Qu Ping's ci and fu hung up the sun and the moon, and the once mighty king of Chu only left an ancient grave" ("Song on the River") to show that Qu Yuan's patriotic poems have been passed down through the ages, and they can compete with the sun and the moon for glory and distinguish between praise and criticism. A solar eclipse symbolizes the erosion and shading of light by darkness. Eclipse is a natural phenomenon, but ancient people regarded it as a sign of disaster. In "The Toad Eclipses the Round Shadow, and the Tomorrow Night Ends" (the ancient waves and the moon travel), the poet uses the old saying that "Toad swallowing the moon is not a good omen" to metaphor and imply the decadent essence covered up by the profound crisis of the superficial prosperity and unrest in the Tang Dynasty, which shows the poet's political foresight and profound sense of hardship. "Toad is too thin, eroding this Yao Taiwan month. The round light disappeared in the sky, and the golden spirit disappeared. "("Antique "Part II) This poem is similar to the previous poems, and both symbolize that the emperor was blinded by some treacherous court officials, or that the country declined. The later Anshi Rebellion confirmed the poet's views and opinions, which is another expression of the poet's "past is present" and "severe punishment under the frost" (ibid.). Symbolizing the enlightenment of philosophy with the image of the bright moon. The poet has a famous sentence about the moon, "Drink poison to quench thirst": "When will the bright moon come to the sky? I'll stop for a drink and ask. The moon will never reach the moon, but it is very close to the people. Green smoke as bright as a mirror is flying in the palace, emitting cold light. But when you see the night coming from the sea, would you rather know that it is going to the clouds? The white rabbit plays medicine in autumn and comes back to life in spring. Who pitied Chang 'e when she lived alone? Now people are not seen in Gu Yue, but in this month they took the ancients. The ancients said, if people are running water, they look at the bright moon. I only hope that the song is right for the wine and the moonlight shines on the golden urn. "For a long time, a bright moon hung high in the blue sky, shining brightly and emitting endless brilliance. It gets up late and is always at arm's length with people. The moon is long, but life is short. Facing the eternal moon, the poet didn't feel the sudden emotion, so he stopped to ask. Attaching eternal feelings to the moon triggered its exploration of life philosophy, and put the life topic of the vastness of the universe, the vastness of time and space and the brevity of life in front of the moon and readers. Today people can't see the bright moon in ancient times, and people in ancient times can't see the moon today, which brings people regret that they can't be with the moon. Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" also said this truth: "Life is endless, passed down from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar every year." Although "month" is similar year after year, "person" is different year after year. Life is like fleeting water in the long river of history, short and small. Only the moon and the universe are great and eternal. The poet takes the moon as the reference of life, and through profound philosophical thinking about the eternity and infinity of the moon, he expresses his deep attachment to a better life and persistent pursuit of life ideals and values. The poet's philosophical speculation about the eternity of the moon and the ephemeral life is not detached from or attached to the poem, but a kind of ideological knowledge and sublimation generated by observing, knowing and understanding the moon, which is an internal spirit and implication that runs through the whole poem, especially the organic combination of philosophical thinking and the description of the moon image, so that the theme of the poem starts from emotion, is purified from aesthetics and is sublimated from philosophical thinking. Another example is "Take a prostitute to the Peach Blossom Garden in Mengshan, Qixia Mountain, Liang Wang": "Liang Wang went to Yue Ming, and the oriole was drunk and crowed in the spring breeze. "Visit to the Ancient Times by Su Tai": "The old garden is deserted, and Yang Liuxin and Ling Ge's oratorios can't be sung in the spring. Only today's Xijiangyue has ever taken care of the people in Wugong. "These two poems are nostalgic works of poets after visiting places of interest. Liang Wang has gone, and the scenery of the Six Dynasties is gone; Su Dai has been abandoned, and the prosperity of that year has rested; Things are different, but Jiang Yue is unbeaten. What the poet expresses is a deep sigh about things and people, the vicissitudes of life and the rise and fall of history. Here, the bright moon witnessed the decline and extinction of Liang Wang and Wu Wang, the change of dynasties and the rise and fall of history. The moon is still there, and once Liang Wudi, except the barren grave, has become a floating cloud of history. This is very similar to Liu Yuxi's famous sentence "Shicheng", "Huai Shuidong old moon, night comes to the female wall." It can be described as a masterpiece of poetry about the moon, continuous and colorful. They not only give readers exquisite artistic aesthetic enjoyment and infection, but also give readers profound philosophical enlightenment and emotional edification. Analyzing and discussing the moon image and its implication in Li Bai's poems plays an important role in comprehensively understanding and understanding the diverse artistic styles and distinctive personality characteristics of the poet's poetry creation. As Mr. Yuan Xingpei pointed out: "The image of poetry has strong personality characteristics, which can best express the poet's style. Whether a poet has a unique style depends largely on whether he has established his own image group. After an image is successfully created, although it can be used by other poets, it often has vitality only in the works of one or several poets. Even this image is associated with this or these poets, and even becomes the embodiment of the poet. " (5) (page 242) said sincerely. When it comes to poems about the moon, we can't help but mention the great poet Li Bai. His famous poems about the moon, which are well-known and spread through the ages, often appear in textbooks of universities, middle schools and primary schools and become one of the rare treasures of China culture. The poet not only formed his own distinct personality characteristics in chanting the moon, but also was a master and master of chanting the moon who was good at learning from others. He widely absorbed the excellent cultural background and expressive skills of the Moon-chanting poems of The Book of Songs, Cao Cao, Zhang and others, and sometimes even liked to learn from previous poems and innovate and develop them, reaching the peak of the creation of Moon-chanting poems, which had an important and far-reaching impact on the later creation of Moon-chanting poems of Liu Yuxi, Yang Wanli and Su Shi. On the other hand, it also enables us to know and understand the magnificent images such as Dapeng, Gaoshan, Waterfall and Yellow River in Li Bai's poems, and appreciate his lofty and magnificent poetic style. At the same time, we can also know and understand many exquisite images and beautiful poetic styles in Li Bai's poems, such as the bright moon, so as to have a good understanding of poets, poems, poetic styles and poetic images.