Jinshan Jinshui: Xiaxian County, the first capital of China.

Xia County, known as Anyi in ancient times, has a long history and is named after the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty of China slave society, established its capital here. Dayu established its capital here 4500 years ago, and Wei also established its capital here during the Warring States Period, so it is known as the "first capital of China" and is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. Xia County is rich in natural products and outstanding people, and the ancient and civilized yellow land has nurtured countless historical celebrities. Dayu dredged the canal and opened the water, only decided on Kyushu, and thus obtained the throne, the title of Xia. Dayu, the great grandson of the Yellow Emperor, inherited the Han nationality and named it "Hua". From then on, "Huaxia" was called China, and Xiaxian County was the source of "Huaxia". Xia county has a long history, rich cultural heritage and numerous cultural relics. There are 20 1 sites of ancient culture and revolution, of which 6 are listed as national key cultural relics protection units, 6 as Shanxi key cultural relics protection units and 7 as Yuncheng key cultural relics protection units. Mainly include: Sima Guangzu Tomb, Yuwangcheng Site, Duiyun Cave, etc. Zi Tongzhi Jian, written by Sima Guang, a famous generation, is a general history of politics, governing the country and keeping the country safe and warning future generations; The concubines and ancestors of the Yellow Emperor began to plant mulberry and raise silkworms in Yin Xi, Xia County. Mrs. Wei, a master of calligraphy in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, studied under Wang Xizhi; Xue Song, the great commander-in-chief of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty, Yangcheng, an admonisher, Guiyang, an educator in Yuan Dynasty, and William Wang, a poet in Ming Dynasty, all stayed in history. Sima Guang Temple is a scenic spot, located on Mount Emei in the north of Huang Xiao Village, about 2 kilometers from Shuitou Town in Xiaxian section of Dayun Expressway to the county seat. Sima Guang (A.D. 10 19- 1086), whose real name is Junshi, was born in Sushui, Xia County, Shaanxi Province in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was called "Mr. Sushui". Smart since childhood, with "smashing cans to save children" as the word of mouth of women and children for generations. His posthumous works include Zi Tong Zhi Jian and Su Shui Ji. Zi Tongzhi Bamboo Slips is a chronological general history (Historical Records is the first biographical general history, and Chunqiu is the earliest existing chronological history book). Historical events are described in chronological order, and the cause and effect of historical events are often explained by narrative and conclusion, which makes people get a systematic and clear impression. Its content is mainly based on political and military historical facts, showing the traces of emperors and ministers' management of chaos, success or failure, and safety as historical reference. Sima Guang Ancestral Temple covers an area of 100 mu, with spacious square and grand scale. It is divided into four parts: ancestral land: covering an area of about 50 mu, where Sima Guang himself and many ancestors are buried. The ancient tombs are fortified with dense trees and stone carvings, and the weather is solemn and vigorous. In late autumn, pines and cypresses are luxuriant, autumn persimmons are all dyed, red and green set each other off, and the scenery is very beautiful. Ancestral Temple: It was built in the Song Dynasty and rebuilt in successive dynasties. It is now standardized in the twenty-seventh year of Qing Qianlong (A.D. 1726). Facing it are five "Xinghua Monument" pavilions, which contain the tombstone of Sima Wengong inscribed by Su Shi in the Song Dynasty and engraved in the Jin Dynasty (commonly known as "Xinghua Monument"). There are five main halls and ten east and west wings behind the ancestral hall. The temple is dedicated to statues of four generations of ancestors of Wen Gong. Qing Yu Buddhist Temple: Sima Wen's ancestral incense burning courtyard was built in the second year of British Song Zhiping in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1065). In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (A.D. 1085), Shintoism granted Qing Yu Temple. The five halls are the original objects of the Song Dynasty, and there are three giant buddhas decorated with colored plastic gold, about 3 meters high, equipped with colored plastic Wei Tuo and the threatened Bodhisattva. Sixteen arhats on the east and west sides are sculptures of the Song Dynasty. Exquisite art, vivid modeling, gorgeous colors, full of brilliance. Sushui Academy: a school built by Sima Guang for children in his hometown. Sima guang's handwriting, various versions of Zi Tongzhi Jian, imperial examination system exhibition, Shao Zhongjie art exhibition hall, etc. There are also many stone carvings of the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as precious inscriptions of the Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. For example, the monument of Sima Yi written by Wang Anshi and calligrapher Lei Shudan, the tombstone of Sima Guang written by Su Shi (also known as Xinghua Monument), the turtle drop (65,438+0.8 meters high) written by the Song Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, and the "loyalty, purity and virtue monument" written by seal cutting are all regarded as treasures by epigraphers of all dynasties. Sima Guang's Tomb is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Yuwangcheng Ruins Yuwangcheng Ruins are located in Yuwang Village, Xinzhuang Village and Guoli Village, Wang Yu Township, 7.5 kilometers northwest of Xia County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. It is usually called Yuwangcheng, because it is said that Yu Xia once lived here. This is Anyi, the capital of Wei during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and the seat of Hedong County during the Qin, Han and Jin Dynasties. Yuwangcheng site has four parts: big city, medium city, small town and Yuwangtai. The big city is trapezoidal, the small town is in the center of the big city, the Yuwangtai is in the southeast corner of the small town, and the midtown is in the southwest of the big city. The cultural relics of Yuwangcheng site include ceramic models of chopsticks, hoes, hoes and axes, flat-headed ceramic models, clay pots, clay pots and iron chopsticks. Ancient Anyi (Ruins of Yuwangcheng) in Han Dynasty is one of the political, economic and cultural centers, which has had a far-reaching impact on the cultural development of later generations and is also an important part of China's historical and cultural roots. 1988, Yuwangcheng site was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Yin Xi Village Site Yin Xi Village Site is located in the northwest of Yin Xi Village, Weiguo Township, Xia County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. This is a Neolithic site. Tsinghua University archaeologist Li Ji presided over the excavation, which is the first Neolithic cultural site excavated by China archaeologists. Many pits and ash pits were found in the site, and 6 boxes of various pottery fragments, stone tools and bones were unearthed. The picture of half a cocoon, especially the half cocoon found in the ruins, proves that mulberry planting and sericulture appeared in this area as early as 6000 years ago. Yangshao Miaodigou type cultural relics include semi-crypt round or rectangular houses and ash pits with different shapes. Unearthed cultural relics include stones, bones, mussels and pottery. The main types of utensils are pots, stoves, sand pots, pointed bottom bottles, straight or closed bowls, closed jars, cans, painted pottery pots and so on. 1996 the State Council announced Yin Xi village site as the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Yaoshan Yaoshan, also known as Wuxian Mountain, is located in front of Zhongtiao Mountain, 2 kilometers away from Xiaxian County. Yaotai Mountain is the first of the eight ancient scenic spots in Xia County. In ancient times, Mount Yao was the best place for tourists to worship and visit, especially now. At the top of Yaotai Mountain is Taixu Temple, where there are nine stupas with a height of 43.69 meters. There are five buddhas in the tower: Three Buddhas, Guanyin, Manjusri, Pu Xian, Dizang and Maitreya. In addition, there are temples and pavilions such as Sanqing, Sanguan, Wenchang, Wang Yao and Raytheon. It is a religious shrine integrating Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, a symbol of tourism in Xiaxian County, and a scenic spot that people have to visit when they go to Xiaxian County. Duiyun Cave City Duiyun Cave is located on Niucun mound on Wang Ji, 25 kilometers west of Xiaxian County, with gullies on both sides nearly 100 meters deep. Surrounded by two streams, Shehu and Shi Jian, the stream flows eastward into the Sushui River. Because of the cumulus clouds lingering on the mountain after the rain, the fog lingers, and the clouds around the cave door are lingering, so it is called "Duiyun Cave". Duiyun Cave is also called "Little Potala Palace" because it looks like Potala Palace. Yes, Yundong is a Taoist temple. Its architecture began in the Yuan Dynasty and was expanded in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Strict layout, ingenious design, pavilions, tailored to local conditions, patchwork, grand scale, spectacular momentum. The existing buildings include Arctic Tower, Bifeng Tower, Huangsanting, Sanmiao, Zhenwutang, Sanwang Temple (King of Medicine, King of Cow and King of Horse) and Baishi Temple, with cloisters, wings and Taoist temples, forming a group of magnificent Taoist temple buildings. The existing stone carving "Panorama of Duiyun Cave" in the temple vividly reflects the cave scenery in the prosperous period. Because of Duiyun Cave's high terrain, secluded environment and beautiful scenery, the Qing people admired its scenery. The eight views of piling clouds are: the confluence of two streams, hidden clouds in caves, winding paths leading to secluded places, the courtyard near the bridge, the rain in the east building, the evening breeze in the west hall, the peak of the pen and the moon, and the lonely high platform. A poem says: "The winding spiral rises step by step, and Qingyun will take off in one step. Looking back, I tried to see where I was going. It is twelve stories away from Qionglou. " It is listed as one of the twelve scenic spots in Xia County. Dongxiafeng Site Dongxiafeng Site is located on the platform on the north bank of Qinglong River in Xiaxian County, Jang Jin. It is a typical site in southern Shanxi during the Xia and Shang Dynasties. Its age is measured by radioactive carbon, which is about BC 1900 ~ BC 1500. In the 2nd/Kloc-0th century BC, Yu Xia's son established his capital here, which is the location of today's Oriental Xia Feng. History: The monarch of Xia Dynasty led many people to move from Yangzhai West to Xia (the hometown of Huaxia nationality), and established Anyi as the capital. The site covers a total area of about 250,000 square meters, and the relics found include pottery, bones, bronze and stone tools. The discovery and excavation of Dongxiafeng site is of great significance for discussing the cultural characteristics of southern Shanxi in summer, and will help to study the formation and development of ancient cities in China and the cultural changes in Xia and Shang Dynasties. Dongyi is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Sijiao Scenic Area Sijiao Grand Canyon Scenic Area is the largest eco-tourism scenic spot in Sanjin, located in Sijiao Town, Xia County, Shanxi Province, with beautiful scenery, close to mountains and rivers, and melting into towering mountains. Sijiao Town is located in Zhongtiaoshan Mountain, and the scenic spot is a part of Zhongtiaoshan National Forest Park. With a pleasant climate, beautiful natural environment and profound cultural accumulation, it is an ideal eco-tourism resort and a treasure house for summer vacation. In the scenic area, the peaks stand tall, the ancient trees form forests, the environment is quiet, birds and animals gather, the flowers smell in spring, the summer is cool and cool, the autumn enjoys red leaves, the winter pines and cypresses are proud of snow, the surrounding jungles are dense, the pines and cypresses are green, the sun is shaded, the grass is continuous, and the springs gather. There are also famous scenic spots around, such as Jiasang Village Canyon Rafting and Tang Hui Village Canyon Rafting. Celebrities and legends "Lei Zu" recorded that Yin Xi in Xia County was the residence of Xiling tribe in ancient times. Ancestors were born and raised in this land of geomantic omen, creating a brilliant "Yin Xi culture" (recognized by the academic community). There are countless stories about Leizu. Lei Zu, daughter of Xiling (Yin Xi). The Yellow Emperor is a princess who teaches people to raise silkworms and cure silk. The ancestors got rid of the primitive life wrapped in leaves and got the world-famous "Silk Road" and modern (China) "Silk Power". About 1500 years ago in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Lei Zu was named "the first silkworm" (the silkworm god). From then on, the whole country began to worship the "First Silkworm Queen". In ancient times, there was a "Niangniang Temple" in Yin Xi Village, Xia County, covering an area of about three acres and located on the limestone ridge. People burned incense and offered sacrifices in the four seasons, but they were destroyed by the "three lights" of the Japanese invaders. The villagers moved the "clay sculpture" of the empress to a cave near the village, and the incense kept flowing back year after year. The cave walls are painted with colorful pictures of the queen's life and work. Icons were destroyed in the 1960s. In recent years, caves have been excavated because villagers built houses and hospitals. 1992, in order to promote the 5,000-year-old historical civilization and Yin Xi culture, the task force of Shanxi Provincial Party Committee reshaped a statue of Lei Zu, put it in the ancient temple in the south of the village, and drew several groups of pictures about Lei Zu on the wall for future generations to pay tribute to. Sima Guang Sima Guang, whose real name is Shi Jun, was born in Sushui Village, Xiaxian County, Shaanxi Province (now Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province), and was known as Mr. Sushui in the world. Politicians, historians and writers in the Northern Song Dynasty claimed to be descendants of Sima Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty. He presided over the compilation of the first chronicle general history in the history of China-"Learning from the Same Experience". Zi Tong Zhi Jian: A masterpiece of emperors with a length of 3 million words. After 19 years' hard work, it is a masterpiece of China's annals. In view of the past, I have the resources to govern. "About this historic ceremony, Chairman * * * left a touching story of Intensive Reading 17 Times and wrote many comments in the book. Some people praised it as the "secret weapon carried on horseback" and "senior staff at the bedside" of the founding leader. Sima Guang smashed the jar once, Sima Guang was playing with his friends in the backyard. There is a big water tank in the yard. A child climbed to the edge of the tank to play and accidentally fell into Tanqueray. The water tank is very deep, and it seems that the child is going to have no roof. When other children saw that something was wrong, they cried and cried in fear and ran outside to ask adults for help. Sima Guang, however, used his quick wits to pick up a big stone from the ground and hit it hard at the water tank. Bang, the water tank broke and the water in the tank came out. The submerged child was also saved. This accidental event made Xiao Sima Guang famous, and people in Tokyo and Luoyang painted it and spread it widely. Mrs. Wei, whose real name is Wei Shuo, was born in Anyi, Hedong (now Xia County, Shanxi Province), a famous calligrapher in the Jin Dynasty, and the daughter of Wei Zhan, a court judge. The Wei family has been studying books for generations, and Mrs. Wei has been studying under Zhong You, and her teaching methods are wonderful. Mrs Wei and Wang Xizhi's mother are cousins and become the calligraphy teachers of Wang Xizhi, a "book saint". Mrs Wei is known as "the ancestor of female calligraphers in China". She is good at the fine print of hairpin flowers, flower arrangement and low lotus; Another example is the beauty on the stage, and the fairy is the shadow; Red lotus reflects water and blue marsh floats. Bitu is a book that discusses writing strokes, expounds the methods of writing and using pens, and lists seven basic strokes. The pen map is thought to have been written by Mrs. Wei. Auricularia auricula, a famous specialty, is a specialty of Sijiao Town, Xia County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. The fungus in Sijiao Town has a long history. As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was used as a tribute with excellent quality and rich nutritional value, and had the special function of lowering blood pressure and blood fat. Auricularia auricula is a national geographical indication protection product for agricultural products. Chestnut in Xiaxian county is mainly wild, with beautiful appearance, glossy surface, less moisture, easy peeling, high flour yield, tender meat, sweet smell and high nutritional value. Chestnut in Xia county is delicate in meat quality, crisp and sweet when eaten raw, soft and sweet when cooked, and rich in nutrition. Many people like to stew soup with peeled chestnuts. The soup is delicious, and the chestnut meat is soft and sweet. It can also be called nutritious, delicious and juicy food. Qijiahe Persimmon Qijiahe Persimmon in Xia County, where the environment is superior, the water is abundant, and the sunshine is sufficient, the persimmons planted are also very good, with large size, pure color, delicate meat and delicious taste. Persimmons made from it are of high quality, beautiful, sweet and delicious, and rich in nutrition.