Longji Guzhuang Village is located at the southwest foot of Yuechengling Mountains in northern Guangxi, northeast of Heping Township in Longsheng Autonomous County, about1km away from the seat of Heping Township Government, 2 1 km away from Longsheng County, and about 76 km away from downtown Guilin. Guzhuang Village includes Liaojiazhai, Houjiazhai and Pingduan Heping Village.
First, human history.
Longji Guzhuang Village has a history of at least 430 years. According to the genealogy of Liao and Hou surnames in Guzhuangzhai and the epitaph of Panjiazu, the ancestors of the three surnames all came from Qingyuan House in Nandan. According to the Records of Longsheng County, the surname Liao of Longji moved to his present residence during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty (1573 ~ 1620). Guzhuangzhai has the most complete, oldest and largest Zhuang stilt wood complex in Guangxi and even the whole country. Among them, five wooden buildings have a history of more than 100 years, and the oldest wooden building has a history of 250 years, which is ancient and full of charm.
1. Architectural culture
Longji Guzhuang Village is a typical site selection of traditional geomantic omen. There is a ridge next to the village, which spirals down like a dragon until it reaches Jinjiang. Guzhuang Village is located on this ridge, hence the name "Dragon Ridge". On both sides of the village, there is a huge ridge spreading downward, like two armrests of a chair, and Longji Guzhuang Village is located between them, just like sitting on a dragon chair, which is a rare place of feng shui.
The people of Longji have worked hard for generations and lived in harmony with nature, forming a harmonious ecological environment from the top of the mountain to the village and then to the terrace, showing the balanced layout of human soil construction, and the orderly and coordinated layout of forests, streams, villages and terraces at different altitudes, showing the harmonious beauty between man and nature.
The famous stone carving "Three Fish * * * Head" on the wind and rain bridge in the village means the harmonious unity of Liao, Hou and Pan on one level, Zhuang, Yao and Dong on the deeper level, and its deepest meaning is the embodiment of Taoist thought "one life, two lives, three lives and three things", which contains the most basic law of the human universe, namely, heaven and earth.
2. Zhuang stone carving culture
Longji people made full use of the rich local stone materials and created a unique Zhuang stone culture. There are 57 bluestone Banqiao, log-log building stone foundation, Taiping Qing cylinder, stone sink, stone gate, stone mill, stone mortar, stone wall, stone hydrangea, stone temple, Sanyu * * stone carving, etc., as well as a series of stone carvings with rich contents and various forms from the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China to the present, which can be described as "three steps at a time".
The stone roads and stone bridges in Guzhuang Village are symbols of the diligence and wisdom of Longji people. Many stone bridges depict Taoist symbols, such as lotus, sword, tai chi and gossip. The most representative and precious is the first picture of "Three Fish * * *" carved on the storm bridge in front of the village office.
There are a large number of stone carvings in the village from the Qing Dynasty to the modern Republic of China, the most famous of which is "Forbidden Yamen Books to Disturb the Yao Monument in Guilin", which was carved in the 57th year of Qianlong (1792). In addition, the stone statue of King Mo Yi, the picture of stone carving and hydrangea, and the Shizhaimen in Longji Guzhuang Village are all unique to Guangxi.
Second, the tourism characteristics
The total population of Longsheng County is172,000, and ethnic minorities account for more than 75%, including about 33,000 Zhuang people. "Without mountains, there is no Yao, and without water, there is no power." Longsheng Zhuang people are mainly distributed in towns along the river such as Heping, Piaoli, Longsheng Town and Surabaya. The scenery of Longji Zhuangxiang has already rushed out of the cottage, attracting a large number of Chinese and foreign tourists. Those ancient Zhuang villages, weather-beaten stone bridges and burning red peppers fascinate the world.
1. Youyouguzhuang Village
In the world-famous Longji Terrace Scenic Area, there is a very old cottage embedded, which is Longji Guzhuang Village. The Longji Zhuang Township referred to by people generally refers to thirteen natural villages of Zhuang nationality, such as Ping 'an, Mahai, Jinjiang, Baishi, Zhu Jin and Mu Feng, among which the world-famous Heping Village is an administrative village separated from the ancient Zhuang villages and established by itself.
Longjizhuang Village consists of three natural villages: Liao Village, Pan Village and Hou Village, among which Liao Village has the largest population and stockade village, and the recorded history can be traced back to the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. According to the Chronicle of Longshengtang, "Eight miles east of the city, there is a tribute official of Longji tea". Longji tea, which was once designated as "tribute tea" during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, must be taxed with the tea and may not be listed. At that time, Pan, a villager in Longji, was a citizen. In the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong, he went to court, was granted the listing of Longji tea by the Constitution, and was ordered to carve stones in Pingduanzhai. The ancient water tanks built with bluestone slabs in the eleventh year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty are still well placed in the village and still used by Zhuang people. The stone carving animals on the water tank are lifelike and can be clearly seen so far. The water diversion monument embedded in the canal is still there, and the canal water is still used for irrigation by Zhuang people.
2. Solid stone slab bridge
Walking into Longji Zhuangzhai, in the bustling tourist area, swaying lights, romantic bars and friends of all kinds have made it full of modern atmosphere, but if you stroll along the village road, you will find that the ancient stone bridge here also has its unique charm. Relevant information shows that there are nearly 300 stone bridges in Fiona Fang, Longji, and 57 in Guanglongji Village. These stone bridges can survive for many years, which is closely related to their construction technology. Slates are usually dug from late autumn to early next year. Skilled craftsmen in each village first went to the mountains to find hard stones, and then the villagers went to mine them. A stone bridge is generally made up of two long green stone slabs, five at most and one at least. Slate is about 6 meters long, the shortest is 2 meters, and the average is 3 to 4 meters.
It is said that a long time ago, the government often went to the village to catch soldiers, burn and rob, and the people in the neighboring ethnic villages such as Longji Thirteen Village lived a very restless life. For the sake of people's safety, the people of Zhuang, Yao and Han nationalities elected respected and appealing people as representatives in their respective villages and gathered in Longjizhuang village to discuss the matter of raising righteousness. The meeting place is a stone bridge in the village. After a long discussion, I finally decided to become an alien brother. The delegates immediately went back to contact their villagers Juyi. Organized a national uprising against officers and men. After struggle, the bridge was finally named "Happiness Bridge", and the stone slab of the bridge was engraved with the pattern of "three fish heads", symbolizing the eternal unity of the Zhuang, Yao and Han nationalities.
Source of information: Longsheng Travel Network