1 Characteristics of Black-bone Chicken
Black-bone chickens belong to birds, chicken orders and pheasants. It is a kind of penis with a small head, a short neck, a beard on the lower jaw and white feathers all over. Except that the main wings and tail feathers of the two wings are arrow-shaped feathers, the whole body is fluffy and delicate. The male is a mulberry-shaped purple-black round crown with a pinch of fine hair bun behind it; The female has a fluffy white bun on her head. There are many fine short hairs on both cheeks. The claws are divided into five toes, and the metatarsal hair is numerous and dense. Because the eyes, beak, tongue, skin, meat, bones, metatarsal toes, internal organs and fat are all black, it is named Wuji.
2 The value of black-bone chicken
Black-bone chicken is a precious Chinese herbal medicine. It has long been recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica that black-bone chicken is sweet and non-toxic, and it is mainly used to treat fatigue and weakness, which is beneficial to lying-in women. Clinically, it is recognized that black-bone chicken has the functions of nourishing liver and kidney, nourishing qi and blood, and relieving deficiency and heat, and is a good medicine for treating frail and gynecological diseases. In addition, today's medical practice has proved that black-bone chicken has a good effect on tuberculosis, heart disease, gastric ulcer, chronic hepatitis, neurasthenia, rickets in children and so on. Black eggs can treat headache, dizziness, asthma, nephritis and other diseases. Black-bone chicken soaked in wine can promote blood circulation and dispel wind. Boiling and washing black-bone chicken hair can relieve itching and treat urticaria.
3. Living habits of black-bone chicken
Black-bone chicken is small, with adult cock weighing 1.0 ~ 1.5 kg and hen weighing 0.75 ~ 1.00 kg. Mild temperament, strong adaptability, can be kept in captivity, captivity, caged and stocked. Black egg weight
35 ~ 45g, the annual egg production is about 100, and the height can reach 130. Black-bone chickens have a strong nesting ability, and they stop production every 20 or so, so their natural hatching ability is stronger than that of ordinary chickens. Chicken weight
27 ~ 30 grams, cold resistance and moisture resistance are poor, and the brooding period needs careful management. The henhouse should be dry, ventilated, insulated, quiet and hygienic. Black-bone chickens have the habit of taking a sand bath, so it is necessary to set up a sand bath in the henhouse, which is helpful to clean their feathers and help them grow and develop.
4 "Key Points of Black-bone Chicken Feeding"
4. 1 "Feeding points in brooding period"
When the chicks are just hatched, they must be kept warm for hatching. The optimum temperature for 1 week is 35℃ ~ 36℃, and that for 2 weeks is 32℃ ~ 34℃. After that, the temperature can be reduced by 2℃ every week, and the temperature can be removed at 5 ~ 7 weeks. After 2 days of age, if one third of chicks are found pecking the ground with their beaks, they can start eating. A few days before eating, feed half-cooked millet and mix in cooked egg yolk, and the amount of egg yolk is 18 chickens 1 every day. After 7 days, the feed was changed to mixed feed, mainly semi-cooked grains, supplemented by vegetables, fish meal and vitamins. The brooding density is about 17/m2. Drinking water should be sufficient and clean. Warm water should be fed at first, and potassium permanganate should be added to the water.
4.2 "Feeding Point in Laying Stage
Keep the air in the henhouse fresh and the humidity appropriate, and provide sufficient and clean drinking water. Keep the daily light 16 ~ 17 hours during the laying period, and replenish it manually when the light is insufficient. Diet should adopt compound feed, in which fishmeal
10%, bean cake 10%, grain flour 20%, corn flour 30%, sorghum 5%, rice bran 7%, shell flour 2%, auxin10% and turquoise feed 15%, and the feeding methods are dry and wet. Feeding the day before 4 months old.
4 ~ 5 times. During laying eggs, feed more green and juicy feed to prevent laying hens from being overweight. Appropriate addition of manganese salt can improve egg production and egg quality.
4.3 "Breeding and Seed Selection"
Cocks can be bred at the age of 6 ~ 7 months, and hens 10 months are better and can be used for 3 ~ 4 years. Excellent individuals with five characteristics of heavy crown, green ear, white velvet, five claws and black must be selected for breeding. Hatching can be done in spring and autumn, but it is best to hatch in spring. Cocks are required to be strong and have obvious sexual characteristics, while hens are required to lay more eggs and build poor nests. When the ratio of breeder cock to hen is 1∶6, a higher fertilization rate can be obtained, and the hatched chicks are also strong.
4.4 "Epidemic Prevention and Control"
Although black-bone chicken has strong disease resistance, it should adhere to the principle of early prevention without disease and early treatment with disease. Clean the henhouse every day, remove feces and pay attention to moisture; Disinfect every week 1 time, scrub and disinfect the tank every 3 ~ 5 days, and do not feed moldy and deteriorated feed.