In the beautiful green hills in the southeast suburb of Ningbo, a bright pearl has been shining with attractive light for thousands of years. She is Dongqian Lake praised by Mr. Guo Moruo as "the charm of West Lake and Taihu Lake".
Dongqian Lake is a marine lake left over from geological period, and now it is the largest freshwater lake in Zhejiang Province. It has experienced lake reclamation. Today, it is 8.5 kilometers long from north to south and 4.5 kilometers wide from east to west. The water area around the lake is 20 square kilometers, which is three times that of the West Lake in Hangzhou, with an average water depth of 2.2 meters and a total water storage capacity of 33.9 million cubic meters. The area is rich in natural resources, with more than 300 kinds of vegetation, and the mountain forest coverage rate reaches 92.4%. Beautiful ecological environment, open lakes, winding coastline, surrounded by mountains and lush trees; Good climate, subtropical monsoon climate, mild and humid throughout the year, abundant rainfall, annual average temperature 15.4℃.
Since ancient times, Dongqian Lake has been a famous scenic spot in eastern Zhejiang. After vicissitudes of life, it has accumulated profound cultural heritage and left many cultural and historical remains with high historical and artistic value. According to incomplete statistics, there are cultural relics 1 1 in the scenic spot, including 2 national key cultural protection units (stone carving group in Southern Song Dynasty and stone memorial archway behind Miaogou).
Dongqian Lake, also known as "Wan Jinhu Lake", whether it is "Thousand Lakes" or "Jinhu Lake", is connected with the wealth stories and legends of officials and Confucianism, and its profound historical and cultural connotation has formed a unique cultural heritage in which businessmen and Confucianism are combined and officials and Buddhists are compatible.
Dongqian Lake is not a scenic spot, and its own landscape and humanistic landscape compete with each other. Ancient culture and modern civilization complement each other, and it is an ideal place for traveling, reminiscing about the past, exploring the strange and exploring the range. Since the Song, Wu, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dongqian Lake has been a place where officials and benevolent scholars have worked hard. There are more than ten secondary sites such as East Academy, Erling Study Room, Bookstore and Ercheng Society, and there are scenic spots such as Tianjing Pavilion, Pavilion, Yanbo Pavilion and Zuibilou "Wangliuzhuang". There are imperial pens and stones given by the Qin Dynasty, and there are chromium tablets of past dynasties, which are extremely rich in tourism resources. The main points are summarized as follows:
1, water culture
Dongqian Lake is surrounded by mountains, and the peaks are as long as Dai. The lake is irrigated by 72 streams around it. When the water is full, it can flow eastward into the sea, filling more than 520,000 mu of farmland in seven counties (cities, districts) of Yinxian, Zhenhai and Fenghua. Drought and flood will ensure the harvest, and there will never be floods. According to historical records, since the Tang Dynasty, Dongqian Lake left ancient water conservancy facilities when it was first developed and rebuilt. There are eight lakes and ponds, five weirs and dams, six waste gates, four autumn pavilions and six or eight buckets. Most of these water conservancy facilities are well preserved, which is a microcosm of ancient water conservancy projects in China. It is a key to find the first step of change and its great achievements and trace the rich and long history of Dongqian Lake.
2. Stone carving culture
Stone carving art is widely spread around Dongqian Lake, and the number is increasing. But it can be roughly divided into stone carving and stone building. There are eight stone carvings in the tombs of the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties in Dongquan Lake landscape, including about 260 pieces, including Wen Xiang, Warriors, Shishi, Shi Hu, Shima, Shiyang and Shigu. Stone carvings are rich in variety, exquisitely carved and lifelike in shape, which are the artistic treasures of ancient stone carvings. The stone architecture in the scenic spot integrates architectural art and sculpture art, and is the top grade in stone carving culture. One is a stone pagoda, and the second spirit pagoda is a square stone pagoda with seven floors on all sides. Each floor of the tower has shrines and sculptures of small bodhisattvas, which are the remains of the Northern Song Dynasty and the years. Secondly, the grottoes, namely "Butuo Cave", are carved with stone carvings, such as sitting statues, carved metal dragons and embossed Wei Tuo statues, which are exquisite and lifelike. The third is the film workshop. Large wood-like stone structure building with slightly warped corners, exquisite and unique production.
3. Ceramic culture
Yinxian county belongs to Yuezhou in ancient times, and Dongqian Lake Scenic Area has a long history of firing Yueci. Five ancient kiln sites, such as Quercus Oblique Valley, Daozishan and Yaoao, have been discovered, which are divided into thin blank, thick blank, celadon, white porcelain and black glazed porcelain. A large number of ritual vessels were unearthed from the Han kiln site in Yugang, Oak Village, Shandong Province. The main utensils are bells, pots, pots, bowls, ink and so on. This is of great value for studying and understanding the development and manufacturing technology of Yueyao.
4. Religious culture
Dongqian Lake Scenic Area is surrounded by religious peaks. According to historical records, there are as many as 45 temples and ancestral temples along the lake, and there are hundreds of ancestral temples and ancestral halls. However, due to the long history, there are four ancient temples, namely Wang Anshi Temple, Lingyou Temple, Wang Yue Temple and Peiqun Temple, and one temple, Ciyun Temple and Job Temple. According to legend, the scale of compassion in those days was even larger than that of Tiantong Temple now. This religious culture has a long history and rich connotations, which is a great exploration of the cultural landscape of Dongqian Lake Scenic Area.
Dongqian Lake is a scenic spot where mountains and rivers blend. Tongmoji weir enters the millet lake and crosses the lake to hit the lake. The three lakes are connected by east and west, and then the north and south confront each other. The mountains and rivers complement each other, the distant peaks are green, and the lakeshore twists and turns. The cottages are towering into the sky by the mountains and rivers, overlooking the vast expanse of smoke, with Zhuyu, Zhudao, Yu Xia, mussels and Chrysanthemum Island floating and sinking. In addition, the scenery of Dongqian Lake changes in four seasons, which always has a unique charm. In spring, azaleas and peaches and plums all over the mountains compete for beauty and dye the lake charming; In midsummer, the green hills are like beautiful flowers, and the cool breeze blows gently, or boating or paddling, or paddling through the water, or fishing by the lake. For example, in watercolor painting, autumn is like clear water and blue sky, and lotus flies and wild chrysanthemums are fighting for beauty. What's more, it snows in the middle of winter, the green hills are made of sheep fat, and the jade dragons are fighting all over the sky. Dongqian Lake seems to have become a huge jasper plate.
The peaks around Dongqian Lake are screen-shaped, with overlapping lakes and mountains. Hunan hundred-step sword is like a sword; The mountain of Jiuleigang is covered with rolling peaks. Zhufu Mountain in the east of the lake is 556.2 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak of the lake. If you look at the seamount, you can see the faint Dongqian Lake in the west and the vast East China Sea in the east. Haifeng has the word "Longtan". In the ancient well, there is also a Millennium osmanthus tree. If tourists climb the foothills in the morning and overlook the lake, they can see that the lake is shrouded in clouds, and the green peaks around the lake are looming in the floating mist, just like a sleeping goddess crawling with gentle partridges; With the seagulls and wild ducks in Qi Fei, the flowers in Xia Hong are the same color, and the bottom of the lake will be sprayed with a fresh and clean red sun, and the white branches will suddenly turn into a thousands of feet brocade, stretching out in the blue sky; Those islands, like floating seagulls and waking girls, are bathed in sparkling water.
If you cross the lake by boat, it is another taste: the blue waves are rippling in front of you, and the lake is bright; In the distance, the green hills meander like dancing. If you move around the island, sometimes you will feel that "the mountains and heavy waters are suspicious and there is no way", and sometimes you will feel that "the island has moved another way." It can be said that there are mountains outside the lake, lakes outside the mountains, lakes and mountains, and endless changes. With luck, with the rotation of the paddle wings and a splash, the fat carp will jump into the cabin and add a little fun.
Business culture was discovered more than 2000 years ago. During the Spring and Autumn Period, after the doctor of Yue retired, he took his teacher to live at the foot of Funiu Mountain beside Dongqian Lake, where he planted grass and did business, making him rich in the world, leaving a touching legend of wealth and love. In modern times, due to the opening up of the "five-port trade", many Ningbo people crossed the ocean and a large number of omnipotent Ningbo business gangs appeared;
"Buddhist culture", Tiantong Temple in the region is one of the five mountains of Zen, with a history of 1600 years, which has a great influence in Japan and Southeast Asian countries; Asoka Temple is one of the "Five Mountains of China" in China Buddhism, with a history of 1700 years. It is famous at home and abroad for its Buddhist treasure "Sakyamuni relic". Daci Temple at the foot of Fuquan Mountain was once famous in eastern Zhejiang during the Southern Song Dynasty. It is said that "a thousand monks pass through the hall", which is a thousand-year-old temple and has an indelible position in the history of Buddhist cultural exchanges between China and Japan.
"Official culture", in the history of Dongqian Lake, officials are diligent and honest, Confucianism and Confucianism complement each other, and the atmosphere is fresh. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi was the magistrate of Yinxian County, caring about people's livelihood, going deep into reality, organizing people to build dikes, break ponds and dredge waterways, leaving many ancient lakes and water conservancy relics; Yue Fei, a famous anti-gold star in Southern Song Dynasty, was framed by treacherous court official Qin Gui and died in Fengbo Pavilion. After Shi Hao, a native of Dongqian Lake, became prime minister, he repeatedly wrote to the court to avenge Yue Fei, and finally he was able to avenge himself. The Shi family is famous for upholding justice and eradicating traitors, leaving a story of "one door, three phases, four generations and two kings". The stone carvings of tombs left by historians (now national cultural relics) have filled the gap in the southern period of tomb carving since Qin and Han dynasties in China, and have important historical research value. In modern times, biologists Tong Dizhou, great calligrapher Sha Menghai and painter Sha Qi painted colorful cultural allusions of Dongqian Lake.
In August, 20001year, Ningbo Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government made an important decision to speed up the development and construction of Dongqian Lake area, determined that Dongqian Lake Town, Tiantong Temple, Ayuwang Temple and Tiantong Forest Park in Yinzhou District were about 230 square kilometers as the planning scope of Dongqian Lake Tourism Resort, and established Ningbo Dongqian Lake Tourism Resort Management Committee, as an agency of the municipal government, to exercise relevant municipal economic management authority and social administrative functions equivalent to county level within its management scope. This important decision conforms to the general trend of the function of Ningbo central city moving eastward and the construction of new urban areas in the east, and will further promote the functional development and grade improvement of Ningbo modern international port city from the strategic framework of urbanization development.
Dongqian Lake is famous for its large lake, long shore, deep belly and many scenic spots, which has great development potential. Today, the overall development and construction of Dongqian Lake Scenic Area has begun. The Temple of Yue and the Temple of Wang Anshi in the "Deer Pavilion" have been restored. I bought two yachts and built a new boat and eight dragon boats. Dongqian Lake Scenic Tourism Bureau also divided the whole scenic spot into seven areas and built and developed 44 scenic spots. That is:
Mozhiyinwan Scenic Area: featuring water town, Zeguo and folk customs, nine scenic spots have been built, including water town, Mozhiguyan, Green Pavilion Su Yan, Pingshui Guyan, Yinwan Fishing Fire, Water Botanical Garden, Water Park, Baishi Xianping and Lv Wan Fishing.
Taogong Mountain Scenic Area: featuring elegant scenery and looking up at the lake, there are eight scenic spots, including Dagong Old Street, Taogong Fishing Rock, Blue Water Hanging, Scenic Pavilion, Beautiful Scenery, Yanbo Pavilion, Fishing Club and Shili Muddle.
Yu Xia Erling Scenic Area: The cultural landscape and natural landscape are integrated into one, and ten scenic spots, such as Huxintang, Yu Xia Solan, Yuxia Pavilion, Lihua Park, Hongling Wobo, Erling Zhao Xi, Zhongying Temple, Lingyou Temple, Shuanghong Waterfall and Yuxiang Bookstore, are built.
Daci Temple Scenic Spot in Xiamiao: featuring ancient culture and art, six scenic spots have been built, including Yaoao Kiln Site, Dong Qian Yun Ge, Ciyun Temple, Daci Temple, Hu Axiang Hall and Hanling Old Street.
Fushoushan Alpine Camellia Park: Three scenic spots will be built, namely, the blue waves in the tea sea, the fog lock and the Fuquan, the climbing distance and the infinite eye, namely, the Longquan Longtan, the Wanghaishan and the Peak Loop.
Nanhu Water Sports Area: It is characterized by misty waves, surfing in the wind, lush green grass, self-love safflower and fragrant melons and fruits, and has four scenic spots, including lakeside grass, sightseeing orchard and golf course.
Oak oblique camping area: characterized by wild forests, it is quiet and deep, and there are four scenic spots: Oak oblique reservoir grassland, wild camping, waterfalls and dense forests.