Xinjiang tiger, discovered by Swedish explorer Sven in Lop Nur and Korla in 19 16, is an independent subspecies of tiger, with a body length of about 3 meters and a weight of about 230 kilograms. In his book The Adventures of Lop Nur, he described the scene where tiger remains were swallowed by ants. Sven announced two miracles to the world at that time, one was the Loulan Monument and the other was the Xinjiang Tiger. Loulan, as a cultural site, attracted the attention of the world, but the Xinjiang tiger, as a natural species, mysteriously disappeared, accompanied by the permanent deterioration of the ecological environment: desertification.
2. Platts Wild Horse (extinct in 1960s)
Platts wild horse, also known as Mongolian wild horse. It was once distributed in Junggar basin and Manas River basin, south of Altai Mountain and north of Tianshan Mountain. 188 1 year, Russian Purger Varski discovered this species in Xinjiang, and named it Platts Wild Horse. 1890, a German captured 52 wild horses from China. After long-distance trafficking to Hamburg, there are only 28 wild horses left, 8 of which are breeding. At present, there are more than 1000 Platts wild horses in the world that originated from 13 ancestors, among which 12 is a wild horse and 1 is a domestic horse. Wild horses are carefully kept in the zoo to avoid extinction. The last time we observed wild horses in the field was in the 1960s, and we haven't heard from them since. 1978, the International Wild Horse Return Conference was held in The Hague. It is believed that 400 wild horses under artificial conditions are facing serious degradation and decided to return to their hometown to restore their species wildness in the place where their ancestors lived. 1980, China exchanged wild donkeys and white-lipped deer from Europe and America for 18 wild horses, and established two wild horse protection centers in Xinjiang and Gansu.
3. High-nosed antelope (extinct in 1960s)
Before the 1960s, the high-nosed antelopes were distributed intermittently in Junggar Basin in northwest Xinjiang, and then gradually disappeared. Foreign countries are distributed in Mongolia, Kazakhstan and other regions. The high-nosed antelope was identified and named by Linnai in 1766, and it was named because of its protruding nose. Habitat in the desert, hardy, 10 more than one group, one male and many females. Female antelopes can participate in reproduction when they are 8 months old, and male antelopes mature in the second year. * * * There are two subspecies. The Russian subspecies was only close to 1 0,000 in World War I, but it only recovered to 90,000 after World War II, and 1.960 rose to1.300,000, which has dropped by more than half in recent years. China is a Mongolian subspecies, extinct in the wild; At present, it has been released from 1988 and implemented in Gansu without success.
4. clouded leopard in Taiwan Province (1972 extinction)
Taiwan clouded leopard, distributed in tropical and subtropical mountainous areas of Asia, is the most typical forest animal among leopards. Taiwan Province Province is the easternmost region where clouded leopards are distributed in China. There were still hunting records in the 1960s. Due to deforestation, the demand for fur and leopard bones plummeted. Even after being protected, the food sources of clouded leopards are exhausted because humans hunt other animals, which eventually leads to their desperate situation. 1972, there were no more leopards in Bao Dao.
5. Zhili Macaque (extinct in 1980s)
Zhili macaques used to be the northernmost primate in China, and Wuling Mountain in Hebei Province, 40 degrees and 40 minutes north latitude, is a national nature reserve established as the northern limit of macaques' distribution. Zhili macaque was identified and named by French zoologist Miller Edward in 1870. Wuling Mountain used to be a royal treasure trove of geomantic omen, and logging and hunting were forbidden for a long time, so many species were preserved. After entering the 20th century, people flocked to Wuling Mountain area to cut down, which made macaques less and less. In the end, they did not survive the 1980 s and became extinct in Wuling Mountain. Since then, the northern limit of macaque distribution has existed in name only. At present, the northern limit of the distribution of macaques in the world has given way to Aomori, Japan (4 1 20 points), and Japanese monkeys have become the northernmost nonhuman primates.
6. White-headed stork (extinction age unknown)
The white-headed stork is a large wading bird, which breeds in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, eastern Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan, and overwinters in Mengzi, Yunnan. It is 65,438+000 cm long, with dark metallic green stripes on the back, black stripes on the chest and red legs. White-headed storks live in coastal and inland swamps and flood areas, and their breeding season depends on monsoon conditions, and they do not breed in dry years. Researchers have collected specimens in Luanhekou, Fuzhou and Lhasa, and listed them as national second-class protected animals. However, there has been no wild newspaper since 1950s, so it is concluded that China may be extinct. At present, the Institute of Zoology of Chinese Academy of Sciences has only one specimen, and the Shanghai Museum of Natural History also has one specimen.
7. Dolphin deer (extinct in 1970s)
Dolphin deer, also known as Luhao deer, has two subspecies: one is a named subspecies, distributed in India, Pakistan, Myanmar and Nepal; One is Indosinian subspecies, distributed in Indosinian period, Thailand, China and southern Yunnan. China's Dolphin Deer is an Indosinian subspecies, which is produced at the junction of Gengma and Ximeng County. Dolphins and deer live in the reed swamp by the river, taking reeds and Artemisia as hidden places, and they don't return at night and go alone. Their staple food is red deer grass and reed leaves, which are the first-class protected animals in the country. However, scientists found only a few when they investigated in the 1960s, and they became extinct when they investigated again in the 1980s. The main reason is that during the Cultural Revolution, large-scale farms were set up, and the ecological environment was seriously damaged. Dolphin deer are estimated to have died out in the 1970s.
8. Civet cats with small teeth (extinct in 1980s)
Small-toothed civet has a tail longer than its body length, a white line in the middle of its face, a yellowish brown body and three longitudinal dark lines on its back. China is only distributed in Mengla and Mengyang in Xishuangbanna, southern Yunnan, hiding in tropical valley rainforests and forest-edge shrubs. Night and morning activities, feeding on rats, amphibians, reptiles and insects. Except for two specimens obtained in Mengla in 1970s and three animal skins obtained in Jinghong and Mengyang, it has disappeared since 1980s and is estimated to be extinct. Yunnan is the northernmost limit of the distribution of civet cats with small teeth. The reason of extinction is that the local virgin forest has been reclaimed, rubber has been planted and the original ecological environment of animals has been destroyed. In addition, civet cats with small teeth are only listed as second-class protected animals in the province.
9. Camazi Chicken (extinct in 2000)
Camachy chicken, named after its sickle-shaped wings. Kamasi chickens are distributed in Xiaoxing 'anling and the lower reaches of Heilongjiang, and are also found in Siberia abroad. Because of its similar appearance to hazel chicken, it was once hunted as a dragon. 1986- 1987 has disappeared during the investigation. In 2000, Xinhua News Agency announced that after five years' investigation, the Institute of Zoology of Heilongjiang Province did not find Kampala chicken, and the local people had not seen it for decades. According to the IUCN Red Book, if a species has not been seen for 50 years, it can be concluded that it has become extinct in this area.
10, guanma duck (extinct in the middle of 20th century)
Guanma Duck is native to Northeast China, Japan, Korea and Russian. The crested duck was once found in 1877, 19 13 and 19 16 respectively, but it disappeared in the 20th century. People just thought they had disappeared. On May 1964 and 16, they saw a man, two women and three women in Vladivostok. People thought they saw hope, but then they mysteriously disappeared. Experts are trying to find it, and the former China Forestry Department has also issued a large number of color cards, hoping to see the beautiful scenery again. The crested duck has a red beak and white spots on its wings. At present, there are only three specimens of Guan Ma duck, one female in Denmark and one male and one female in Japan. It is estimated that the Guanma duck became extinct in the middle of the 20th century.