The significance and prospect of ancestral temple cultural inheritance, in real life, ancestral temple is sacred and inviolable in the eyes of many people. Solemn and solemn, the existence of the ancestral temple also has some geomantic sayings, sharing the significance and prospect of the ancestral temple cultural heritage for everyone.
Significance and Prospect of Ancestral Temple Culture Inheritance 1 Ancestral Temple Culture, as an important part of national traditional culture, began to sprout in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties thousands of years ago, formed a relatively complete system in Song Dynasty, and reached its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Ancestral shrine is a reflection of people's reverence for nature and ancestors in China's ancient farming society, and it is also a major policy that obeys and serves most historical dynasties. The flourishing age is recorded, and the flourishing age is built. The prosperity of ancestral temple culture also reflects the reality of social stability, economic development, political harmony, national prosperity and people's safety.
Ancestral temple, commonly known as family temple, ancestral temple. It is the product of Confucian ritual system, a place for ancestor worship and a treasure of folk architecture. In the old society, ancestral temples were also called "family temples" and "ancestral temples". According to the provisions of the Book of Rites, ancestral halls are exclusively owned by emperors, and only princes and doctors can set up ancestral halls.
In the late Song Dynasty, Zhu advocated the establishment of family ancestral temple. Every family can set up a shrine dedicated to Gao, Zeng, Zu and Kao Si. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the court allowed the people to build temples. Most ancestral temples are built in the center of family settlements. With the prosperity of clans, large families have set up ancestral halls or branches.
Most temples are magnificent in architecture and exquisite in craftsmanship, integrating architecture, sculpture, painting, calligraphy and literature, bearing and embodying profound historical accumulation and distant traditional customs, which have been valued by the people for thousands of years. It can be said that ancestral temple culture is the most prominent classic among the profound folk culture.
In ancient times, all surnames paid a lot of money to hire Feng Shui. After repeated investigations, they generally choose the scenery in front, "the water in front is a mirror", and a pool is formed by artificial excavation or water diversion, followed by a mountain peak, and "the tree behind is a screen". If there are no peaks, they will pile the soil into hills and plant trees. The left lion and the right elephant are symmetrical, with a wide field of vision in front and convenient access. The mountains in front are stacked and endless, which is the site of the temple.
At present, most ancestral temples have retained the architectural style that has been continued since the Ming Dynasty. Although some ancestral temples are not necessarily large in scale, they are exquisite and dignified in structure, simple and dignified, and have strong local characteristics, which basically maintain the basic characteristics of Ming and Qing architecture.
Ancestral temples are generally divided into two categories: one is the surname family ancestral temple, that is, ancestral temples; The second is the ancestral hall of historical celebrities, that is, the memorial hall of historical celebrities.
The biggest feature of surname ancestral hall is that there is a shrine dedicated to ancestral tablets of the family. There are sacrificial vessels such as incense burners and candlesticks in front of the shrine, paintings and reliefs on the surrounding walls, couplets on the columns, and plaques hanging on the beams and walls, or praising the merits of ancestors, or promoting the virtues of loyalty and filial piety. Most ancestral temples have stages and rooms for entertainment and enlightenment. Draw a door god outside the main entrance.
The historical hall of fame is a memorial ancestral hall established by the government or the people. There are statues or portraits of celebrities in the hall for future generations to pay tribute to, showing the life, materials, writings and cultural relics of celebrities. Most shrines dedicated to historical celebrities are now listed as cultural relics protection units or patriotic education bases.
The main function of ancestral hall is to worship ancestors and communicate with clansmen. The ancestral temple is a clan with blood identity and lives in harmony; Remember Zude and inherit civilization; Promote righteousness and inspire future generations; Reward outstanding students, solve problems and so on. If seeking roots to worship ancestors is "carrying forward the past", then inspiring future generations is "pioneering", and it can be said that ancestral halls are "spiritual shrines" for opening up the future.
As we all know, surname culture has a long history in China and is an important part of Chinese culture. As everyone's surname, it records the formation and development of the Chinese nation in the form of blood culture, and plays a special role in national integration and national unity with continuous continuity and strong cohesion.
With the surname as the emblem, the Chinese nation has passed down its ancestor Yan Huang from generation to generation. The concept and inseparable feelings of the common people's family are thicker than water, and they also convey the humanistic spirit with "harmony" as the core.
These spiritual manifestations, such as genealogy, aphorisms, family rules, family precepts, family temples, ancestral temples and so on. , an important tangible carrier of inheritance, has played an irreplaceable role in inheriting these precious spiritual wealth.
Nowadays, the public generally shows a strong interest in excavating the above-mentioned cultural forms, which fully illustrates the needs of social development and humanistic spirit, and naturally should attract the attention of every Chinese descendant.
Modern Value of Ancestral Temple Culture
Ancestral hall culture is a reflection of a surname's moral sentiment, mental outlook, cultural background and quality of production and life. In the final analysis, it is folk culture. We should have a sense of historical responsibility, comprehensively consider the phenomenon and essence of ancestral temple culture, scientifically and dialectically understand its positive role, refine its essence, tap its modern value and actively apply it to social development and social management. The modern value of ancestral temple culture is worth discussing.
The inheritance of ancestral temple culture is conducive to the promotion and development of national excellent culture. Folk activities based on the ancestral hall, a specific space, are the crystallization of people's cognition of nature, society and themselves for thousands of years. Rhythmic group activities have high cultural value, which sustains people's beliefs, adjusts people's mentality, releases people's emotions and expresses people's feelings. Protecting and inheriting ancestral temple activities is conducive to promoting and developing national excellent culture.
The inheritance of ancestral temple culture is conducive to the ideological and moral construction of the masses. Since the reform and opening up more than 30 years ago, there have been more and more negative effects on the spiritual level, the concept of "fairness and justice" has faded, and the traditional excellent ethics has accelerated its decline. Although the legal system has made progress, it is far from reaching the level of effectively regulating individual behavior. When people feel that "moral failure" leads to more and more social problems, they find that ancestral temple culture can play an effective role at this time.
Every ancestral temple has the ethics of respecting the elderly, parents, teachers, frugality, luxury and gambling, which is the spiritual space of the ethnic group and also a natural resource for moral constraints within the ethnic group. In addition, displaying and publicizing the glorious history and outstanding figures of regions and families through ancestral hall activities will help the masses to enhance their sense of identity and belonging to local culture, highlight their contribution to society, and encourage future generations within the family to study honestly and hard.
Relying on Chinese "harmony" culture, the inheritance of ancestral temple culture can form a simple rural convention culture, which is conducive to social harmony and stability. Since China began to write villagers' autonomy into the Constitution from 65438 to 0982, the central government has been promoting rural governance with the goal of "self-management, self-education and self-service".
But in practice, village-level organizations naturally become the spokesmen of the government, while farmers are in a state of aphasia. When there are many conflicts of interest between the two groups, there will be the embarrassment of "government failure". Ancestral temple culture can play an important role in this vacuum and promote the harmonious progress of grassroots people.
Significance and prospect of ancestral temple cultural inheritance II. Ancestral shrine is a place where people worship their ancestors or sages, a ritual building in local architecture in China, the root of local culture, the symbol and center of the family, the symbol of local economic development level and the representative of folk culture. From the perspective of folklorists, ancestral halls are "interpreting the civilization of the times in their own way".
As one of the best preserved ancient buildings in China, the ancestral temple has left many precious historical and cultural research values for future generations. After thousands of years of merits and demerits, the ancestral hall can be seen; China's ancestors, from the ancestral temple, knew that there was a family tree.
The origin of ancestral temple
Ancestral temples originated from the gradual disintegration of clan society. It is a clan organization formed by blood relatives born of the same ancestor and geographical organizations, and it is a place built independently outside the room to worship ancestors, worship saints and pray for God. The name of the ancestral temple officially appeared in the Han Dynasty.
Through the function of respecting ancestors, the clan embodies the fundamental principles of the feudal patriarchal clan system and shows the supreme clan power. The ancestral temple has also become a sacred place for clan sacrifice, symbolizing the unity of the clan. Of course, some people usually simply understand the ancestral hall as the home of the dead ancestors, the place where the gods gather and the place where they worship the ancestors' gods.
Main functions of ancestral temple
Because the ancestral hall is a place where ancestors and gods live together, offering sacrifices to ancestors is the main function of the ancestral hall, and another important function of the ancestral hall is to collect and compile genealogy.
The ancestral hall is also a place to discuss clan affairs, a place to teach and educate people, and a family court. Whenever there are customs and festivals or major festivals in the clan, it is also a place for the whole clan to celebrate or entertain.
Cultural significance of ancestral temple
Ancestral temple is a symbol of family or clan power and economy and culture. In the feudal rule of China for thousands of years, the state ruling group played a core role, and the clan regional groups and family blood organizations also played a certain historical role.
They played an important role in assisting and supplementing the feudal legal system and maintaining the stability of feudal rule, and also played a long-term social role of so-called governing the country and keeping the country safe, so they are still auxiliary rules confirmed by rulers of past dynasties.
Significance and prospect of ancestral temple cultural inheritance III. The origin of ancestral temple
After the origin of ancestral temple and the gradual disintegration of ancestral society, it is a clan organization formed by the unity of blood relatives and geographical organizations born of the same ancestor. It is a place built independently outside the room to worship ancestors, respect sages and pray for God. The name of the ancestral temple officially appeared in the Han Dynasty.
Through the function of respecting ancestors, the clan embodies the fundamental principles of the feudal patriarchal clan system and shows the supreme privilege of the clan. The ancestral temple has also become a sacred place for clan sacrifice, symbolizing the unity of the clan. Some people also understand the ancestral temple as the home of the dead ancestors, the place where the gods gather and the place where they worship the ancestors' gods.
All ancestral temples dedicated to emperors and sages are called shrines, and these shrines are official temples. Only ancestral temples built by clans for ancestors are usually real ancestral temples.
Every surname must build an ancestral temple and an ancestor. Many ancestral temples were also built by famous families. Such as: Yang, Gu, Zhu, Wang and other surnames, and there are temples in general, sub-temples and sub-temples. Near more ancestral temples are their ancestral fields and ancestral properties.
Second, the composition and distribution of ancestral halls
(1) Ancestral Temple Building: It is a place for the whole nation to worship and educate people on etiquette with the theme of respecting ancestors and focusing on spiritual education.
(2) The ancestral property of the clan is the public property of the whole clan. Most of them were donated by people from all walks of life in the clan, and some of them were part of the clan heritage or nobles who were knighted and given farmland. The amount of ancestral property varies. Some clans in Wuxi are very rich, and their ancestral property covers thousands of acres. One of its main purposes is to help the poor in the clan. It is a main form of social welfare security in ancient times.
(3) Compilation and revision of genealogical documents such as genealogy, genealogy and family travel. Genealogy is the most direct reflection of the history of the clan and its members. It makes a complete historical record in many aspects through the ancestral temple organization, functional institutions, blood relationship, lineage, sacrificial activities, family rules and family laws, clan property, compassion and other basic contents, so that people of the same clan can understand their roots and discuss their generations, with the focus on maintaining the blood relationship of the clan.