Koi fish's varieties are not formed by natural mating, but artificially cultivated and "made" by hybrid technology. The difference between its breeding process and China goldfish is that China goldfish pursues the change of body shape and structure, while koi fish pursues the distribution and collocation of colored stripes and colors in each part.
Koi fish's ancestor is carp, which is the earliest fish raised by human beings in the history of human civilization. They originated in Central Asia, then spread to China and then to Japan. About 160 years ago, the Japanese bred koi fish for the first time through repeated cross improvement of mutant carp. So it can be said that Japan is the birthplace of koi fish.
In Japan, almost every family has a pool and several koi fish. If you can raise an excellent koi fish, you can name it after yourself. But it takes ten or even twenty years to cultivate a good koi fish. Japanese carp farmers are often proud of this, which is also the reason for the rapid development of japanese koi.
Koi fish has many colors, such as red, white, yellow, blue, purple, black, gold, silver and so on. The patterns on its body are changeable, and there are almost no identical ones, which makes the owner feel that he owns the most precious and unique fish in the world and arouses the interest of fish farmers.
Koi fish is a temperate freshwater fish, which can live in water below 50℃, and the suitable growth temperature is about 30℃. It has strong adaptability to water temperature, but it has strong resistance to the rapid change of water temperature, especially the change of water temperature above 5℃. Therefore, in the process of feeding and transportation, the water temperature should not change too much, and it is generally appropriate to not exceed 2℃.
Koi fish has strong adaptability, and can live not only in fresh water, but also in moderate salt water. Therefore, it can live in the same water body with some estuarine marine fish.
Koi fish is omnivorous and not picky about food. Crustaceans, insects, aquatic plants and artificial feed can all be used as food.
1. Red, white, koi fish, red, white and koi fish is a representative fish species in koi fish. It is characterized by red stripes on the white shoulders of fish, so it is called "red and white".
Red and white fish and the most precious species in koi fish belong to the category of scarlet in the middle of white background. If the big red stripes are asymmetrical, there must be red stripes on the back. The crimson head is above the eyes and has high ornamental value; In the eyes, the ornamental value is low, which is called "covering"; Secondly, look at your mouth. Only white fish is the best fish without scarlet.
Red and white koi fish fish heads must have red stripes. There is no red stripe, commonly known as "monk", which has no ornamental value. The bigger the erythema on the head, the better, but it can't spill over to the eyes, chin, cheeks and mouth. The erythema is ideal to reach the nostril line. If the head is completely covered with erythema, it is commonly known as "covering the face" and the taste is not high. Is commonly known as "lipstick", with little red dot on the mouth and kiss. In principle, it is best not to have "lipstick" when there is a big erythema on the head, but if the erythema on the head only reaches or is slightly higher than the eyeliner, then the existence of "lipstick" improves its ornamental value.
There are many varieties of red, white and koi fish according to different colors, which can be divided into two sections of red, white and koi fish, three sections of red, white and koi fish, four sections of red, white and koi fish, red, white and koi fish with lightning stripes, Fuji, red and white koi fish and so on.
2. The so-called Dazheng Tri-color koi fish fish refers to koi fish with red and black stripes on a white background. It is characterized by only red spots on the head and no black spots. The background color of fish is pure white, and the white fish with red and black patterns and stripes is the top grade.
The background color of Dazheng tricolor koi fish fish is silvery white and should not contain any variegated colors. Erythema should be bright and bright, with clear edges and the same position as red, white and koi fish. Black spots must exist on the shoulders, not on the head.
Dazheng tricolor koi fish fish can be divided into lipstick tricolor koi fish, red tricolor koi fish and German tricolor koi fish according to body color. Others include Fuji tricolor koi fish, German red tricolor koi fish, Luzi tricolor koi fish, Yi San tricolor koi fish, Yamato Brocade tricolor koi fish, tricolor koi fish, Yi San tricolor koi, gold and silver scale tricolor koi, tricolor koi and so on.
3. Showa Tri-color koi fish Fish Showa Tri-color koi fish Fish's body surface is mainly red, black and white, with black as the background and red and white patterns scattered on it, just like wearing black satin, red flowers and white flowers. Because of the round black spots at the base of pectoral fin, it is also called Yuan Black, which has high ornamental value, gorgeous, vigorous and beautiful, and is a treasure in koi fish.
There are many varieties of Showa tricolor koi fish, including koi fish, koi fish, koi fish and koi fish.
Showa tricolor koi fish fish head must have a big red spot. Even red, with clear edges and strong colors are top grades. Its white spots should not be too much and too miscellaneous, accounting for about 20% of the whole body. The grade with white dots at the head and tail is higher, and the one with lines at the back is the top grade.
4. Write carp The body surface of carp is mainly black, with triangular white stripes, yellow stripes or red stripes. Its representative varieties are:
German carp belongs to German fish, and the fish body is scaleless, even if it exists, it is in the form of loose scales and irregular.
Koi fish writes in white with triangular white stripes on a black background. The appearance of black stripes is similar to that of Showa tricolor, that is, there are black spots in the middle and base of pectoral fins. The white part should be the same as the white spots of red and white fish and koi fish.
Yellow writing koi fish The patterns and black spots on its body surface should be black and shiny, and the yellow spots should be golden and shiny.
Koi fish has orange-red triangle stripes on the black background, and pectoral fins also have red stripes, which are harmonious in color and bright in luster.
5. Don't focus on koi fish. Don't focus on koi fish. There are three colors on the body surface: white, yellow and red. There are black stripes on these different colors. According to different background colors, they are called white light, yellow light and red light, and there is also a German koi fish with koi fish as its basic type.
The representative varieties of Bieguang koi fish are:
Koi fish's body color is snow-white, with symmetrical tortoise shell-shaped black spots from beginning to end, black and white.
Koi fish's body surface color is red, covered with black stripes, and at the same time, it is more red and colorful against the background of black stripes.
Koi fish, whose yellow color is not bright, has dark black spots, which are dotted on the yellow fish.
6. Gold, koi fish gold and koi fish are characterized by pure gold yellow and shiny whole body, especially the head is like a piece of paper and gold foil, which looks radiant. The body side is flat, spindle-shaped, the back is slightly raised, the abdomen is round, and the whole body is yellow. There are two pairs of beards in the quarrel. The mouth is horseshoe-shaped and retractable. Eyes the same size. The body is round and scaly; The lateral line is complete; Dorsal fin1; Abdominal position of ventral fin; The caudal fin is bifurcated. Body length 1.0 ~ 1.2 cm.
Gold and koi fish are easy to raise. They are not afraid of strangers, and there are few scares. This is a very beautiful koi fish variety. It likes to eat animal feed, which can be fed with live food such as Daphnia and nematodes, or artificial feed.
The representative varieties of goldfish and koi fish are:
The mountain blows gold and koi fish: the fish is pure gold and emits golden light; Orange Gold koi fish: Fish is pure orange; Gray gold koi fish: Fish is silver gray; Platinum koi fish: Fish is silvery white.
7. Gold and silver scaly koi Gold and silver scaly koi has golden or silver scales all over its body, which makes it shine, hence the name. When the scales on the red stripes glow, they are golden yellow, which is called golden scale koi fish. Fish scales that glow on a white or black background have a silver luster, which is called Silver Scale koi fish.
According to different body colors, koi can be divided into koi, koi, koi, koi and koi.
8. Only write koi fish, only write koi fish, which is the offspring of carp, gold and koi fish. Among them, koi fish, Jin Zhaohe and koi fish were written in gold.
Golden koi fish is a hybrid of koi fish and yellow koi fish or scarlet koi fish.
Jin Zhao and koi fish are fish species which are bred by Jin Zhao and koi fish and Showa tricolor koi fish.
9. Pale yellow koi fish Pale yellow koi fish is a branch of koi fish. Its back is dark blue or light blue, while the outer edge of the scale is white, and the left and right cheeks, abdomen and the base of each fin are red. According to the depth of skin color, it can be divided into the following categories:
Koi fish is bright blue, and it is one of the well-known varieties.
Minghai light yellow koi fish is the most representative variety of light yellow koi fish. The body color is lighter than blue, yellow and koi fish. The center of the fish scales is dark blue, and the periphery is shallow, like a rippling lake.
Qiu Cui koi fish is a hybrid between the grass carp of German carp and Japanese pale yellow koi fish. The best species is fish with tight scales on the back. All the way to the tail of the fish, there is also a row of scales on the lateral line of the abdomen. This koi fish is characterized by a red pattern on the abdomen and cobalt blue on the back. Its variety is "Feiqiucui", and the blue part of its back has various scarlet patterns, which is of high value.
10. I koi fish I koi fish is a hybrid of pale yellow koi fish, red and white koi fish or tricolor koi fish. Because the original color of the fish presents a tone similar to that of a coat, it is named Yi koi fish. Its representative varieties are:
Blue koi fish is a hybrid of red and white koi fish and light yellow koi fish. The main features are: the red stripes are slightly blue, and the scales on the erythema have a half-moon blue network.
Black koi fish has black stripes on the erythema of red, white and koi fish, which was changed by red and white carp.
Yisance koi fish is a hybrid of Lanyice koi fish and Dazheng tricolor koi fish. It has the characteristics of parents, that is, blue stripes appear on the red stripes of Dazheng tricolor koi fish.
Yizhaohe koi fish is a hybrid of Showa tricolor koi fish and Lanyi koi fish. Its main feature is that blue stripes appear on the erythema of Showa tricolor koi fish.
1 1. Dante koi fish Dante koi fish is named after a bright red spot on his head, just like a red crown on a crane's head. Common types are Dante Tri-color koi fish, Dante Red and White koi fish, Dante Showa and koi fish.
Dante tricolor koi fish is white with some black spots, and its head looks like the red crown of a crane. Silvery white, black and vermilion match each other, giving people an elegant and noble aesthetic feeling, which is a very handsome one in koi fish.
Koi fish, with a body length of 1 m, belongs to Dante system. The whole body is white and silver, but there is a bright round red top on the top of the head. The body side is flat, spindle-shaped, the back is slightly raised, and the abdomen is round. There are two pairs of whiskers in the mouth, the eyes are the same size, the body is round and scaly, the lateral line is complete, the ventral surface of the ventral fin and the caudal fin are deeply forked. It is the top grade in koi fish.
Red fish, white fish, red fish and koi fish are usually kept in small ponds. You should always keep the water clean. If you use green water, it will be better. Animal feed, such as earthworm, shrimp, snail, etc. Can be fed or artificially fed. In summer and autumn, the appetite is strong, so you can feed more appropriately; In the low temperature stage of winter and spring, the amount of bait should be controlled. In summer and hot season, pay attention to increasing oxygen when floating head appears. Appropriate direct sunlight can be accepted every day, and the illumination time should be appropriately extended in winter and spring at low temperature, which is beneficial to improve the disease resistance of Dante red and white fish and koi fish. It can overwinter outdoors in winter, and it can still grow at a faster speed in a warm environment. In the case of improper management, Dante's Red and White koi fish is prone to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and occasionally attacked by small melon worms and anchovies.
Dante Showa koi fish has the stripes of Showa koi fish, but there is a bright red stripe on the top of his head, hence the name Dante Showa koi fish.
Dante Showa and koi fish are more than 1 m long, with flat spindle-shaped sides, slightly raised back, black spherical abdomen and scattered white and red stripes on the sides; There are bright red spots on the top of the fish head. There are two pairs of whiskers in the mouth, the eyes are the same size, the body is round and scaly, and the lateral line is complete.
This kind of fish should be fed in a relaxed and natural environment, and live bait, such as shrimp, earthworm and snail, should be fed as much as possible.
12. koi fish leather carp, mirror carp, armour carp and irregular scale carp are four species in koi fish, Germany.
Leather carp has no scales all over the body, or only leaves a row of scales along the dorsal fin, and its skin color is as black as leather. Carp and mirror carp are produced in the inland of Europe. They are edible, delicious in meat and extremely rich in nutrition, and have the reputation of "ginseng in fish".
Mirror carp mirror carp is a variety of German carp, whose body surface can reflect light and give people a shadow, hence the name "mirror carp". Its lateral line, back and abdomen have several large scales, which can be used as an improved variety to mate with any koi fish.
Most of the pigments in the scales of Cyprinus carpio are gray-black and belong to inferior varieties.
German carp with irregular scales is a hybrid of German carp and other carp. Pale with yellow, red and white stripes, also used for cross breeding.
In addition, the famous German koi fish hybrids are: German Peacock koi fish, German Golden Carp, German Green koi fish, German Yellow Pine Leaf koi fish, German Mountain Blowing koi fish, Huang Qiushui koi fish, German Tricolor, German Black-and-White Bald koi fish, and German koi fish.
Chapter II Living Habits of Ornamental Fish Whether goldfish, tropical fish or koi fish, they all have very special living environment and living habits, so they must be raised differently.
I. Living habits of goldfish 1. Feeding goldfish goldfish have just hatched from eggs. They don't eat food, and they live by absorbing the yolk sac in their abdomen. But after 2 ~ 3 days, when the nutrition in the yolk sac is exhausted, goldfish have to get food from the external environment. The growth, development, reproduction and other life activities of goldfish are completed on the basis of obtaining food nutrition from the outside.
Fish is the largest group of vertebrates, and there are many existing species. Among so many fish, if they are divided according to the similarities and differences of food types, there are herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and scavengers. Goldfish is omnivorous, and can eat algae, aquatic plants, duckweed, plant seeds, rice grains, bread crumbs and other plant feeds, as well as animal feeds such as zooplankton, earthworms, minced fish and shrimp, shrimp and crab eggs, fish meal and animal offal. Goldfish have no teeth on the upper and lower jaws, but they have teeth on the pharyngeal bone of the throat, which can cooperate with the pharyngeal mill under the occipital bone to crush, cut off or grind hard food, such as plant seeds and shells of large zooplankton.
The gill rakes of goldfish are big and wide. When it ingests food from the outside, the water that enters the mouth with the food can be discharged from the body through the gill rake, while the food is filtered by the gill rake, ground by the throat teeth, and sent to the intestine for digestion and absorption. Plant food is rich in fiber and needs to stay in the intestine for a long time to be digested, so the intestine of goldfish is longer.
Larvae and adult goldfish have different feeding habits. The larvae of yolk sac just disappeared and began to take food from the outside, with a total length of only 1cm. They are not only small in size and small in mouth crack, but also the newly formed digestive system is very fragile, and they can only feed on small and relatively soft zooplankton such as rotifers and paramecium. This kind of small zooplankton can be cultivated artificially, or it can be obtained when cleaning the red worms caught in natural ponds, because these small zooplankton exist in natural ponds and often turn back with the red worms. It is easy to filter the water washed by red worms with fine white cloth. If you can't get such a small zooplankton, you can also use cooked egg yolk or duck egg yolk to grind into fine powder for later use.
From yolk sac nutrition to small zooplankton nutrition to omnivorous nutrition, the quality of bait is closely related to whether the food is cooked properly, and to the survival rate of goldfish and whether it can cultivate first-class goldfish. Adult goldfish mainly feed on larger bait, with a wide range of bait. In recent years, the emergence of various synthetic baits has opened up rich bait resources for goldfish and provided great convenience for family fish farming.
2. Goldfish can't grow without water, and water is the living environment on which fish live. The density of water is far greater than that of air. Fish living in water don't need to consume a lot of energy to maintain balance like animals living in the air. Fish are also warm animals. Within a certain range, the body temperature can change with the change of water temperature, and maintaining a constant body temperature does not need to consume a lot of energy. In this sense, the food nutrients that fish ingest from the outside world can be more used for the growth and development of the body. Goldfish is no exception, with great growth potential. Generally speaking, goldfish grow faster in waters with low stocking density, sufficient bait and high temperature, and vice versa.
The growth rate of goldfish is inextricably linked with its life span. Under good living conditions, the life span of common goldfish can be as long as 18 years, while rare goldfish are prone to decline and have a shorter life span. Under the normal stocking density, large individuals with sparse and sufficient food intake of the same kind of goldfish grow faster, have shorter life span than small individuals with less food intake, and have less resistance to adverse stimuli that may be encountered during the feeding process. Therefore, family fish farming should avoid excessive feeding and should not cultivate the body shape of goldfish too much.
3. The development of goldfish The growth and development of goldfish is very rapid. Generally speaking, after half a year, they are sexually mature and can reproduce.
Goldfish are not strict with the environmental conditions needed for development. Under domestic conditions, goldfish can not only develop and mature smoothly in larger fish tanks, but also mature and breed in smaller fish tanks with a water depth of 30 cm and an injection amount of about 20 kg if the stocking density is appropriate.
The three main factors affecting the development and sexual maturity of goldfish are nutrition, water temperature and date. To make goldfish develop well, we should do more work around these three factors. In the daily feeding management, attention should be paid to keeping the water fresh, the bait nutritious and palatable, and feeding properly, especially before winter, protein and high-fat bait should be selected consciously and appropriately. After overwintering, the water temperature rose to about 10℃ in spring, and goldfish began to eat. Pay attention to careful feeding, and at the same time move the fish container to a warm environment to extend the sunshine time as much as possible. These are important conditions for goldfish to develop quickly, reproduce early and have strong offspring.
4. Goldfish's requirements for water temperature The goldfish's body is a thermostat, that is, it can adjust its body temperature to the same constant position as the ambient temperature at any time. When the water temperature rises or falls, this change will spread to the whole body through the microvessels and branchial vessels in the fish skin, so that the temperature of the fish will also change.
However, the adaptability of any kind of fish to water temperature is limited. Different kinds of fish have different adaptation ranges. According to the adaptation range of water temperature, all fish can be divided into three types: tropical fish, cold-water fish and wide-temperature fish.
The temperature change of tropical fish is also limited. When the change is around 10℃, tropical fish will die one after another because they can't adapt to the environment. However, cold-water fish generally cannot survive in water above 20℃. Goldfish can adapt to a wide range of water temperature, and can survive in the water temperature of 0℃ ~ 38℃, belonging to wide-temperature fish. But goldfish have a weakness, that is, they can't stand the sudden change of water temperature. If the water temperature suddenly rises or falls above 5℃, goldfish will get sick and even die immediately. Under the same range of water temperature changes, young fish are more sensitive to sudden changes in water temperature than adult fish. Goldfish that died because of the sudden change of water temperature have no obvious symptoms, and are often not easy to detect, so it is impossible to find a lesson from it in time and nip in the bud. From this point of view, the sudden change of water temperature is the biggest threat to the healthy growth of goldfish, especially when new water is injected into the goldfish bowl, it must be noted that the water temperature must be basically the same as the old water.
When the water temperature is close to 0℃, the goldfish is in a "semi-rigid" state and basically does not move; When the water temperature is 6℃ ~ 8℃, goldfish begin to eat; When the water temperature is 8℃ ~ 10℃, the feeding activity of goldfish is obvious; Goldfish can grow slowly when the water temperature is 18℃~ 15℃. When the water temperature is 18℃ ~ 28℃, goldfish can grow normally. When the water temperature is between 28℃ and 30℃, goldfish can breathe faster, but still grow. When the water temperature is between 30℃ and 32℃, goldfish begin to have some redundant actions, often gathering near the water surface and unable to grow normally; When the water temperature exceeds 34℃, goldfish are miserable, and not all goldfish can survive for a long time; The water temperature is around 37℃, which is a "dangerous" water temperature and should be cooled immediately.
Because the water body is small and involves many kinds, the temperature management of ornamental fish is very complicated. For example, fish native to temperate zone can survive well in water temperature above 22℃ in summer and move normally in water around 4℃ in winter. But for most tropical fish, it is necessary to keep the temperature in a relatively narrow range, that is, between 20℃ and 30℃. Above or below this temperature, they will have various discomforts, especially when the temperature is below 15℃, many tropical fish will die because of the low temperature. In general, the water temperature of goldfish and koi fish should not be lower than 5℃, tropical fish and marine fish should not be lower than 20℃, and the water temperature of ornamental fish should be kept between 18℃ and 25℃. The specific temperature varies with different kinds of fish. In the process of feeding, attention should be paid to the water temperature requirements of these different species to ensure their normal growth.
In addition, the breeding of each ornamental fish should also be carried out at the optimum water temperature allowed by science. If it exceeds the appropriate range, their reproduction will be difficult to succeed.
It can be found that it is not comprehensive to think that the higher the water temperature, the better the growth of ornamental fish, because the content of dissolved oxygen in water will decrease with the increase of water temperature, which will inevitably affect the growth of ornamental fish. In addition, when the water temperature rises from 24℃ to 30℃, the number of bacteria in the water will also increase rapidly, and it goes without saying that the chances of ornamental fish getting sick will also increase greatly.
Whether raising or cultivating ornamental fish, it is essential to control the water temperature artificially. When feeding, the temperature difference between day and night shall not exceed 6℃; When breeding, the temperature difference between day and night is generally less than 4℃.
Indoor ornamental fish tanks should be placed where the water temperature can be kept constant. Within the specified range, the size of the fish tank should be larger, because the larger the fish tank, the more water it contains, and the smaller the change of water temperature in the fish tank per unit time, so that the water temperature will not rise or fall sharply in a short time because of the sharp change of temperature.
Before preparing to inject fresh water, put fresh water near the fish tank for a period of time, and then inject it after it is the same as the water temperature of the fish tank to prevent the water temperature of the fish tank from changing suddenly.
In hot season, if the temperature is too high, you can sprinkle water on the ground near the fish tank, which will reduce the temperature around the fish tank. In the cold season, put the fish tank in a warm and sheltered place; When the temperature is too low, you should heat the fish tank. When heating, pay attention to put the fish tank in a relatively high place, because the air will become lighter and rise after heating, so that the upper air in the room is warmer than the lower air. If the fish tank is placed higher, the heating effect will be better.
5. Goldfish's requirements for water quality The so-called change of water for fish is actually to supplement oxygen to fish. Fish can't survive without oxygen in water. Goldfish breathe through gills and inhale dissolved oxygen in water to ensure normal metabolism. When the oxygen content in the water can't meet the needs of goldfish, the normal life activities of goldfish will be threatened and even suffocated.
The level of dissolved oxygen in water not only directly affects the goldfish's breathing, but also seriously affects the goldfish's appetite, digestion and absorption capacity, and ultimately affects its growth and development. In the water with fresh water quality and rich dissolved oxygen, goldfish has a strong appetite, good digestion and absorption, rapid growth, bright color, lively and lovely; On the other hand, in the water with deteriorating water quality and low dissolved oxygen, goldfish always show their heads to swallow and suck the water with oxygen on the surface to obtain oxygen, and get a small amount of oxygen from it to temporarily maintain their lives, which is generally manifested as loss of appetite, dim body color, emaciated body and stiff movements, thus reducing the ornamental value. Therefore, family fish farming needs special attention. Goldfish's demand for oxygen is directly proportional to the water temperature.
In hot summer, we should pay special attention to the problem of lack of oxygen. In August, when the water temperature is the highest, goldfish often floats, and the dissolved oxygen content in the water should reach at least per liter 1 mg to ensure the safety of goldfish.
If the carbon dioxide content in the aquarium is high, it will reduce the binding ability of goldfish hemoglobin with oxygen. When this happens, even if the dissolved oxygen content in the water is not low, the goldfish will have difficulty breathing. Carbon dioxide in water is mainly produced by goldfish's respiratory and decomposition products, such as goldfish's excrement and residual bait. As long as the water quality of fish is kept fresh, the life of fish will not be threatened by too much carbon dioxide.
Goldfish's adaptability to the pH value of water is relatively weak. Too high or too low is the most likely to cause illness and death. Especially the fluctuation of pH value. Therefore, all goldfish bought from other places should not be directly poured into containers filled with local water. It is necessary to slowly add local water into the empty container of fish, so that the pH value of the water in the two places is gradually consistent, so that it is safe.
If there are fish in the water, the water will "mature" The nature of water will gradually change, some will reduce dissolved oxygen and increase carbon dioxide, some will change from alkaline to acidic, and some will increase the content of ammonia and nitric acid. Some water quality is still suitable for goldfish life, but some are no longer suitable.
The larvae and juveniles of goldfish can still grow when the dissolved oxygen is about 2 mg/L. Compared with other fish, goldfish can be regarded as a more anoxic fish. When the goldfish is extremely short of oxygen in the water, it will tilt its head to the surface of the water and keep opening and closing its mouth, swallowing a very small amount of water and air on the surface of the water into its mouth, producing many small bubbles with more oxygen on the surface, which is beneficial to the gas exchange in the gills. If the bubbles in your mouth are too thick, you will spit out bubbles from your mouth and then "eat" the air from the beginning to create bubbles. "Swallow your breath" is what people often say "floating your head". The floating head of goldfish does not mean that there is a certain lack of oxygen. It may be caused by disease or other factors, so breeders should always be careful.
6. Goldfish's requirements for light. Light can promote the thyroid function of goldfish. Proper illumination will be beneficial to the growth and development of goldfish. So the intensity of light will directly affect the normal life of goldfish. Too strong or too weak light will cause many diseases of goldfish; The activity and dormancy of goldfish are directly affected by light and water temperature. Goldfish in a dark environment for a long time will feel dull, listless, lose appetite, have endocrine disorders and stop growing. When the light is too strong, the color of the fish will become dim.
In addition, light plays an important role in the transformation of water quality, which can promote fish discoloration, and ultraviolet rays in light also have a certain bactericidal effect.
Sunlight is the most ideal light for fish life, especially in the morning and evening. Soft light, suitable for 3 ~ 5 hours. However, direct sunlight in the fish tank should be avoided, and indirect illumination is better, such as sunlight from glass. If it is necessary to put the fish tank in direct light, necessary shading measures should be taken to block too much direct light.