What is China's traditional geomantic geography thought in ancient times?

The theory of life on earth, meridians, acupoints and circulation originated from the western geoscience concept, which holds that the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere are inanimate inorganic boundaries, and only the biosphere and human intelligence are living organic boundaries. However, China's ancient traditional geomantic geography thought is different. It is not only believed that human beings and living things have life, but also that nature composed of heaven, earth, life and human beings is a system of circulation, reincarnation and metabolism. At the same time, a relatively independent living space is regarded as a living body. For example, a house, a village, a city or a capital, or even the whole earth can be regarded as a living body. Under this unique geographical thought, the life of nature lies in the combination of yin and yang. Yin and Yang are the two most basic forces in the universe. This is the ultimate principle about the structure of the material world. Huangdi Neijing says: "Yin and Yang intersect without leaving the center", "Heaven and earth are the senses, and everything is biochemical". This "everything" includes the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and human wisdom circle. They form a living body.

According to China's ancient geographical concept, this living body "is the bone of the mountain;" The soil is the meat of the mountain; Water is the blood of the mountain; Vegetation is the fur of the mountain. They are all related by blood. "On Development by Cai in Song Dynasty directly compares the four elements that make up the earth with the human body, saying:" Water is the blood of the human body, so it is too soft; Fire is human qi, so it is too rigid; Soil is human flesh, so it is not so soft; Stone is the skeleton of human body, so it is less rigid. Combine fire, water, soil and stone to the ground; I am still a flesh and blood person. There is no reason to get close to your body and take things far away. "In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Gong and Bu Yingtian wrote" Ode to Snow Heart "and said:" Those who are endowed with the body have nine tricks. Shaped like the ground, Qian Shan is full of water. From the root, it is hidden or obvious. Fetal breath breeds, and God becomes infinite. "

Secondly, the natural view of "organic earth" in ancient geographical thought also expresses a kind of thought of "harmony between man and nature". Dong Zhongshu in Han Dynasty put forward "man's deputy day", saying: "man has 360 days, even days; The flesh and blood of the body, even the thickness of the land; There are eyes and ears in the world, and the image of the sun and the moon is also; The body is empty, but the pulse is clear, and the image of the valley is also. ..... Day is adult according to age, so section 366, vice day also; Large section 12 points, the number of months also; There are 5 dirty inside, and the number of vice five lines is also; There are 4 limbs outside, and the number of auxiliary seasons (seasons) is also; At first glance, the lieutenant also day and night; At first glance, it is just soft, and it is also winter and summer; At first, I was sad and happy. Deputy yin and yang. " He added: "Heaven and earth are in total, one yin and one yang. Yang is heaven's virtue and Yin is heaven's punishment. ..... Heaven also has emotions, similar to people. By analogy, heaven and man are one. " Therefore, "when everything is in harmony with the name, the name is in harmony with the sky, and the heaven and man are one." "The great source of Tao comes from heaven." As such, "Heaven and earth are the big universe, and human body is the small universe", so the ancient people in China inferred the universe from themselves. In the Book of Changes, the so-called "taking the objects close and taking the objects far" also contains such a meaning.