Zhou Dunyi was born on May 5th, the first year of Tianxi in Song Zhenzong (10 17) and died on June 10th, the 6th year of Xining in Song Shenzong (1073). Because of poverty, I was unable to return to my hometown and buried Li Shuling in Lushan Mountain. In the sixth year (116) after Zhou Dunyi's death, Wei Song was made a doctor, and in the thirteenth year of Jiading (1220), so he was called (an upright and upright student). In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong was made a Confucian Nanbo in the first year of Chunyou (124 1), and Renzong in the Yuan Dynasty was made a Taoist priest in the sixth year of Yanyou (13 19), and entered the Confucius Temple in successive dynasties [4]. In the seventh year of Jingtai in Ming Daizong (1456), his descendant Sun Zhoumian was awarded the hereditary doctor of the Five Classics, which was extended to more than 400 years in the late Qing Dynasty, and was awarded to 13 doctors of the Five Classics. This is the family that has won the Doctor of Five Classics for the longest time since Emperor Wu respected Confucianism [4]. In the first year of Ganxing in the Northern Song Dynasty (1022), Zhou Fucheng died on August 20th. Zhou Dunyi was five years old at that time. Because of a poor family, a family of four came to Hengyang with their mother to take refuge in Longtuge's uncle Zheng Xiang. He is smart and kind, and deeply loved by Gong Zheng. He regards his niece as his son and takes Zheng Gudun as his name. Because of his love for white lotus, Zheng Xiang built a pavilion at the foot of Phoenix Mountain in Hengyang West Lake in front of his home (now Hengyang No.2 Middle School is commonly known as Qiyangbai) and planted lotus flowers, during which he was enlightened. It was not until Zheng was transferred between Zhejiang and Zhejiang that Cao He of Suanshan moved to Dantu County, Runzhou (now Danyang City, Jiangsu Province) with his mother. The story of eight scenic spots in Hengyang, the legend of "White Lotus at West Lake Night" and "White Lotus Fairy Playing West Lake" handed down from generation to generation by Hengyang people all came from his deep affection and enlightenment for uncle and nephew. Zhou Dunyi died prematurely at the age of 57 due to diligence and illness. The most important growth period in his life was 18 years in Hengyang. At the age of thirty-one, he was appointed as Chen County Magistrate and Guiyang County Magistrate (now Rucheng County), at the age of thirty-eight, he was appointed as Dali Temple Cheng, at the age of forty-nine as judge of Yongzhou General, at the age of fifty-three, he was appointed as judge of Guangnan East Road, and returned to his hometown for seven years to worship his ancestors. They all stopped at Zhou Dunyi to give lectures, visit the elderly and visit friends [4]. Compared with Dao County, Zhou Dunyi's birthplace, and Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, Hengyang is the place where Zhou Dunyi lived the longest, and it is also the place where his uncle and Hengyang sage Zheng helped to train and educate him and help him to be an official. In Lianxi Zhoujia, he is called Uncle En. Zhou Zizhi thanked her for her kindness. His wife Lu stayed with her aunt until the end of 19, when she had a child with her husband. She died of overwork at the age of 37. Later generations are full of gratitude, and the profound Hengyang plot is also derived from this. Hengyang is the growth place of Lianxi Palace and the foundation of Lianxi culture [4]. Because of this, the descendants of Zhou Dunyi's two residences in the north bank of Hengyang and Li Zhe are "relics of his great-grandfather Lianxi Gongzi Heng who is reluctant to leave". He inherited the ancestral business left to the Zhou family from here and has continued to this day. Since then, although the descendants of future generations have lived at home and abroad, they often go back to Hengyang to see. In recent years, later generations have come here to pay homage to their ancestors. Any celebrity cultural inheritance exists and continues in the form of materialization.
There are five original sites of Zhou Dunyi's life in Hengyang:
First, Shigu Academy, now called Lianxi Street (now Siqian Street, Zhongshan South Road, Hengyang City), is the ancestral home where Zheng Can was forbidden by his grandfather Zuo;
Second, the home of Zhengjiazhuang in the north of Zhengshuiqiao, that is, the ancestral home of Zhoujia in Lianxi on the north bank, was inherited by the descendants of Yu Zhong, the eldest son of Zhou Shou, and Zhou surnames who now live in Chejiang Tiecheng, Hengnan County, Hengyang County, Jinlan Temple, Chongqing and Hongjiang all originated from this branch.
Thirdly, Ailiantang in Li Zhe Village, Hengyang High-tech Zone is the ancestral home inherited by Ji Zhong, the fifth son of Zhou Shou. Ailiantang was originally a family house handed down by Zheng Jiazu (more than 2,200 years ago). The genealogy of Zheng's family says "There is a great immersion in the West Lake in Hengzhou" and "Xianggong lives in the West Lake outside Hengyang County". Zheng Xiangzu's five grandchildren and five scholars have been handed down from generation to generation, and their wealth is quite rich. During the Song Dynasty, most of the surrounding woodlands were produced by Zheng Jiazu, and then 400 mu of land rental income (300 mu in Zhengyi Township, 0/00 mu in Changping Township/KLOC-) and 28 yuan of official silver were allocated to the spring and autumn festival of Zhou Zong Ancestral Temple in Lianxi. It is low-lying, close to steamed water, and the north and south rivers meet, so Zhou Dunyi came here to study in summer. The foundation of the existing house is one meter and five meters high, made of stone, which is the evidence of moisture-proof foundation in Song Dynasty. On October 19th, the fourth year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (12 1 1), the grandson of Zhou Dunyi V was appointed as the right assistant minister of the official department and threw himself into the sea. Later, Lu Xiufu, left, followed suit, and Wen Tianxiang, right, wrote an epitaph for him. Hong Chau, a brave minister, was born here. During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Ke, who was placed in a sacrificial field, sued for more than 30 years, and later recovered the sacrificial property. With the approval of the Qing imperial government, the clansmen funded the construction of Ailian Hall as a memorial hall of Zhou Zi, and four people were given clothes for the emperor's sacrifice. Six descendants were elected to Yixue, offering sacrifices of 28 taels of silver every year. Everything is the same as their hometown Dao County and their destination Jiujiang. The memorial halls in Zhendao County and Jiujiang have been destroyed, which is the only surviving imperial memorial hall. Zhou Dunyi's main residence in Hengyang is his uncle Zheng Xiang's former residence (now the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University), Hu Ailian Pavilion and Hu Ailian Pavilion at the foot of Phoenix Mountain in front of Zheng Zhai, and the lecture platform of Gong Zheng's nephew (now Hengyang No.2 Middle School). Since the death of Zhou Dunyi, the neo-Confucianism founded by Zhou Dunyi, that is, the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, has been deeply favored. From Xiaoximen to Daximen to the northwest, the First Affiliated Hospital of South China University and Lianhu Square have been built. Later generations converted Zheng Xiang's former residence into the Zhou ancestral hall in Lianxi, and built a series of ancient buildings such as West Lake Academy, County School, Chongsheng Temple, Qisheng Temple, Dacheng Hall and Hu Ailian Pavilion. If Si Long exists, its area is the sum of Confucius House and Confucius Temple. At the end of Song Dynasty, Hengyang also had four memorial buildings in Zhou Zi, namely West Lake Academy, Lianxi Temple on the north bank of West Lake, Lianxi Temple on Phoenix Mountain, Lianxi Temple in Xiaoxiangmen and Lianxi Temple in Shigu. These are not family temples, but memorial places set up by the state to offer sacrifices to Zhou Zi and combine teaching (420 taels of silver is allocated every year). After that catastrophe, especially 1944 Hengyang Defence War, more than a dozen related relics and memorial buildings of Zhou Dunyi were destroyed by fire. Ailiantang in Li Zhe Village of Hengyang High-tech Zone survived because it was close to the urban area, but the doorpost was bitten by a horse, the doors and windows were destroyed, and the wing was completely destroyed. Later generations struggled to maintain Miyake, which is the only remaining relic of Zhou Dunyi in Hengyang. Sun Zhouhong, the fifth Zhou Dunyi, was praised by Lu Xiufu, the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, as "a man of great virtue, who despises Wen Da, who despises others". Wen Tianxiang, the right prime minister, wrote an epitaph for Gong, the assistant minister, and called Zhou Dunyi "the pioneer of Juexue in one hundred generations" and "the loyal minister through the ages". After a lapse of 725 years, in 2003 1 1 month, Hengyang No.1 Middle School excavated the tomb of a generation of patriotic loyalists in the dead of night. In order to clean up the scene before dawn, the speed of modern construction machinery makes the remains of a generation of sages disappear, and the relics are no longer left, leaving no paper for the emperor's relics. In history, Lianxi culture was once brilliant in Hengyang, which shows that Hengyang people respect and attach importance to him. His personality, knowledge and official voice have nurtured countless people of insight, and naturally nurtured the later sages of Hengyang. After World War II, due to the lack of people's humanistic understanding, the cultural relics landscape of Lianxi was unplanned, and the old site was used for other purposes, which led to the explosion of a generation of sages' tombs, which violated humanistic morality and educational purposes. Although the three statues of Zhou Zi were cast in different places today, it is always difficult to restore the old feeling.
Zhou Dunyi came to Hengyang at the age of eight to take refuge in his uncle Zheng Xiang, and spent the most important growth period in his life 17. Neo-Confucianism initiated by him became an unshakable official school during the 700 years of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Written in Hengyang with the word 1 19, The Theory of Love Lotus is passed down from generation to generation because it uses lotus as a metaphor and expresses feelings with ambition. The existing Lianxi Academy, Lianxi Temple, Hu Ailian Pavilion, Lianxi Villa, Zhou Zi Temple and other Lianxi cultural carriers. Ailiantang is located in Li Zhe Village, Huaxin District, Hengyang City. The ancestral hall * * * has three rooms, which are dilapidated and still have characteristics. The foundation wall is all 1.5-meter-high bar stones, surrounded by red bar sand. On the door of the nave, there is a plaque of "Hu Ailian Hall". The ancestral hall is dedicated to the photos of Zhou Dunyi, Lu Xun (Zhou Shuren) and Zhou Enlai, connecting the blood relationship and cultural inheritance of the three world giants in China. In June 2007, when Zhou Huarui, the nephew of Premier Zhou Enlai and former director of Yangzhou Bureau of Retired Veteran Cadres came to the "Ailiantang" in Hengyang to pay homage to his ancestors, he solemnly made a plaque with Premier Zhou's calligraphy hanging on it. On June 24th, 2009, in order to build Guan Yi's tomb, Daoxian County, Lianxi's hometown, sent a special person to the "Ailiantang" in Hengyang to collect "spiritual soil".
Zhou Dunyi's hometown in Daoxian County was promoted to national AAA-level scenery. A few days ago, the author learned from Daoxian Tourism Bureau that in the evaluation of a new batch of national A-level scenic spots, 20 scenic spots in our province have been upgraded to national 3A-level scenic spots, and Dao County, Zhou Dunyi's hometown, ranks among them. Rucheng Lianxi Academy was founded in the 13th year of Jiading, Song Ningzong (1220) to commemorate Zhou Dunyi, the originator of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. 1050- 1054, Zhou Dunyi was appointed as the county magistrate of Guiyang (now Rucheng). During the period, he was "kind and obedient" and wrote famous articles such as "Ailian Shuo" and "Chi Fu" here. Zhou Dunyi founded the theoretical basis of Neo-Confucianism, and was praised as a saint who inherited Confucius and Mencius and enlightened Zhu. For thousands of years, Rucheng "led its teachers, officials thought it was powerful, and the people thought it was moral", and built an academy as a permanent memorial. Despite the vicissitudes of nearly a thousand years, it has been passed down from generation to generation and preserved to this day. The Academy is a brick-and-wood building with a Song-style quadrangle, with a building area of 16 18 square meters.