1. Accurate communication
First of all, we must ensure customers' full right to know, and the introduction of products should be based on facts and cannot be exaggerated. Fully inform customers of the basic process and material configuration of the product.
Step 2 be familiar with the process
Surveyors should be very familiar with the process configuration of their products, accurately understand the definition, thoroughly understand the standards of various process configurations, be able to sit in the right position according to the situation of the measurement site and the requirements of customers, and accurately convey the product characteristic information to customers.
Fully prepared
Before measurement, take all tools, a 5m-wide steel tape measure (the right angle of the tape measure should be flexible and vertical, and it should be checked regularly when used), a measuring book, a signature pen and a big-headed marker pen, and bring an infrared level when the ground elevation is unknown, so as to determine the site elevation and understand the usual configuration of the local market.
brick by brick
In the process of measurement, we should strictly follow the 28 basic steps one by one, and we can't omit, skip or simplify them. Even simple items should be asked one by one, and don't take the place of customers with self-righteousness. If the customer can't be sure on the spot, it should be confirmed through repeated communication and inquiry, and at the same time, the possible adverse results and potential risks should be informed to the customer from a professional perspective.
5. Specification record
In the process of measurement, when determining the relevant data, it is necessary to record it in time after determination, and use the check selection method or the complete recording method instead of focusing on the back to record it together, which effectively prevents mistakes. In addition, when filling in the data in the record book, you should write it neatly as soon as possible, which is convenient for you or the person who placed the order. Don't scribble, so that when in doubt, check again and try to reduce mistakes.
Second, the non-standard door size measurement method
1. Determine the product process
Because the building size of the entrance in different areas of the market is different from the width-height ratio of doors and windows, some areas may have a large opening, and some areas may have four doors, and the width-height ratio is different. In principle, do as the Romans do, follow the mainstream practices in the local market and try to be consistent with local routines. When the size is small, it is necessary to ensure the maximum width of a single door when it is opened, so as to facilitate access and handling and prevent bumping. In principle, the net width of the normally open door fan should be above 800, and at the same time, attention should be paid to the change of the net height of the door leaf, so as to make the width-height ratio even and the overall effect balanced, so as to prevent the situation of being too thin, too wide and too fat.
2. Determine the direction of opening from the inside out
Pay attention to adjust the opening direction when you encounter the following three situations during the measurement. The first is the limited opening angle of the door leaf, which can only reach about 1 10 degrees or less due to the installation of a luxurious door cover outside the gate. The second-class door has no protective devices such as rain protection and sun protection above the door opening, and the protective conditions of the product are too poor, which is easily affected by environmental factors. The installation position of the third door opening and the space in front of the switch are narrow, and the door leaf is inconvenient to stay, which affects the traffic. After selecting the inner door opening mode, the depth of the door frame and the wrapping direction should be adjusted according to the wall conditions to ensure the overall effect after installation.
3. Determine the direction and position of the package.
In the case of external opening, the package is usually outside. Pay attention to the following changes and adjustments. If one or both sides of the outer wall are T-shaped straight walls, and the edges cannot be installed, and the inner wall has a wrapping position, the wrapping can be installed inside, and the door leaf is also opened outside, at least one side can be guaranteed to have a better decorative effect. In another case, the decorative effect of the external wall is very rich, such as the gabled wall brick or the decorative sleeve line poured by cement. At this time, when the decorative effect of hemming is obviously not as good as that of wall sheathing, the outer edge will make way for the decorative effect of the outer wall, and the configuration including hemming will be cancelled or hemming will be carried out according to the internal opening method. Make the overall effect beautiful and attractive.
4. Determine the packaging method and width size.
When measuring the door opening, pay attention to whether the three sides of the door opening on the outer wall have the position or enough width to accommodate the edging. If it is a T-shaped wall, if the net size of the door leaf is convenient to pass through, the edge wrapping should be cancelled or a fake edge wrapping should be made (and the door opening should be repaired again). Pay attention to whether the three dimensions of the wall are sufficient, especially under the premise of large bag edge configuration and large luxury door cover, including whether the position of the customer is enough when preparing to make a ceiling at the top of the door opening, and whether there is shielding will affect the decorative effect of the ceiling. In addition, the width of the wrapping should be consistent with the total width of the door leaf. Too wide or too narrow will make the overall effect of external decoration poor.
5. Determine the fitting degree of edging and wall installation.
When measuring the entrance, if the exterior wall has been decorated, pay attention to whether the wall is straight and whether there are obstacles on the top, left and right. Whether there is a high skirting line under the wall near the ground, etc. If there is a baseboard, it is necessary to measure the exact height and thickness. When placing an order, the factory is required to handle it in advance, so that the on-site installation effect is more efficient and beautiful. For wider hemming, it is required to weld the pull tab in the factory (not too obvious, it can be covered with sealant) to prevent the hemming from being loose or uneven. If the wall flatness difference is too large, it should be explained to the customer in advance. There must be some cracks that affect the appearance during installation, which can only be solved by caulking glue, so that customers can be psychologically prepared in advance to prevent the surveyors from not notifying them as early as possible when the situation is found on site.
6. Determine the width of the doorway.
When measuring the width, you need to choose the neatest, middle and lowest position at the door to measure three or four points. If the depth of the door frame exceeds 220, it needs to be measured at the outermost and innermost parts, so as to prevent large errors in the process of civil construction and make timely adjustments. When reading, the mantissa should be carefully identified and recited in your mind if necessary, to prevent careless mistakes such as taking 20 10 as 2 100 and 2 105 as 20 15. When the mantissa is not 5 or 0, the identification of 2 and 7, 1 and 6 should be avoided to prevent the interference of decimal superposition. In the process of measurement, write the measurement figures in the measurement record book in time, and attach simple charts to facilitate intuitive understanding. When the width difference between the upper and lower points of the doorway is large, if the overall size of the doorway is small, it is necessary to correct the doorway. In principle, if it is too big, it should be small (hit the wall). Although it is more troublesome to hit the wall, it can expand the net flow width of users and make it more convenient for customers to use.
7. Determine the horizontal benchmark of the door installation position.
Unless absolutely necessary, customers should be advised to choose a door frame configuration with ground beams. Because the stability and strength of the enclosure are far better than those of the enclosure. When measuring the door opening not constructed on the ground, the customer must be required to bury the ground beam about two centimeters below the completed surface of the ground construction (when the top of the ground beam is exposed after the completion of the ground construction, 5 to 10 mm is the best size). For the constructed ground, the customer is advised to make a groove in the ground to make the ground beam sink, so as to prevent the elderly and children from being too high above the water surface and affecting traffic, and to prevent bumps and trips. For the doorway whose horizontal position has not been determined, the owner is required to measure and calibrate with infrared level together with the on-site ground construction personnel or project manager as soon as possible. When determining the position of the horizontal line, it must be based on the parameters of the on-site ground construction personnel to ensure the uniform and beautiful effect of the product after installation.
8. Determine the height of the doorway.
When measuring the height of the doorway, if the doorway is too high, it will be inconvenient to see. You should use escalators or scaffolding to climb up and measure. Rough estimation is not allowed. If the doorway is not too high, and it is within 2 100, it should be measured from top to bottom, so as to facilitate accurate reading at the lower end and prevent line-of-sight deviation when reading from bottom to top. When calculating the specification height of the door frame, pay attention to the part where the ground beam is buried below the water level. For the complicated door opening or the door opening with wall decoration, the measurement accuracy should be as accurate as possible, and the retest should be carried out after the first measurement is completed to ensure the accuracy. For four-door openings, when the width and height are close, the words width and height should be accurately marked above or in front of the measured size to prevent confusion between width and height and cause unnecessary mistakes. In addition, in the measurement process, it should be noted that when pulling the tape measure, the two sections should be aligned in parallel and not skewed, and the reading should be in front of the eyes to prevent line-of-sight deviation. In the process of measurement and recording, we suggest that surveyors record all according to the size of the door opening, rather than subtracting the size of the installation gap. Under the condition that all basic data are accurate, according to the principle of controllable door opening size and different installation methods, the gap is narrowed and the size of the product is calculated.
9. Determine whether the product has matters related to the size of geomantic omen.
Under normal circumstances, if the local market is not used to using Feng Shui ruler, you should not use Feng Shui ruler when measuring at ordinary times (to avoid adverse effects on customers and other on-site construction personnel), but prepare one in advance. You can ask the customer's demand during the measurement. If customers pay attention to the size of feng shui, you should measure it with a feng shui ruler. There are two problems to pay attention to when using feng shui ruler. The first reading should be based on the size of the upper part, and the lower part should be used to build temples and other buildings. Second, we must accurately understand the technological structure of the product. If the door is upside down, you should also know the structure of the door leaf. Geomantic dimension is also called the size of light, the maximum range that the whole door can pass and the range that light can pass. According to the size of the doorway, subtract the installation clearance and then subtract the structural width. If it is found that the sizes are quite different and it is impossible to make geomantic dimensions, customers should be advised to adjust the size of the door opening or ask the factory to change the technological bending size of the frame fan, and accurate calculation should be made to ensure the geomantic dimensions are auspicious. When placing an order, the factory will be specially explained, requiring workshop production to give priority to ensuring the size of geomantic omen, accurately meeting customer requirements, and avoiding complaints caused by large errors in customer re-inspection.
10. Determine whether the customer has other requirements and taboos on Feng Shui.
Due to the influence of regional cultural heritage, different regions have different customs and taboos in building, repairing and installing doors and windows. When measuring the door opening, ask the customer if there are any special requirements to avoid customer dissatisfaction because they don't understand some taboos. For example, the date and time of product installation (in some areas, Mr. Feng Shui will be required to watch the date and time of door installation and moving before the building), and some ceremonies before the product installation (the door installation should be hung in HongLing with the words "Safe Door"). Another example is the relationship between the height and size of the front door and back door of a house. The height of the back door is lower than that of the front door, so as to make money and gather wealth, and feng shui can't flow out. There should be no pillar falling straight above the door head to prevent taboos such as feng shui and evil spirits. Choose some styles and patterns of products, as far as possible * * the psychological needs and folk customs of customers. Prevent inadvertent negligence from affecting customer feelings.
1 1. Determine the depth of the door opening wall and door frame.
When customers want to customize a double-decker door or choose a single door with a door frame, in addition to measuring the wall depth of the wool wall, they should also carefully ask what the total wall depth is after the interior and exterior walls are decorated. This kind of information should be determined jointly with the on-site project manager (contractor) and the owner, because the methods of painting decorative materials inside and outside the wall in each area are different, and the economic strength and decoration budget of different owners in the same area will be different. In the process of communication, it is necessary to record in detail, such as the current depth of the wool wall, what materials are used for exterior wall decoration, and how much the thickness of the construction surface has increased after completion; What material is used for interior wall decoration, and how much thickness is added to the wall after construction. After accurate statistics, please ask the customer to confirm and convey the detailed requirements to the factory order department.
12. Determine the functional requirements of the product.
Combined with the actual situation and customer requirements. Such as public houses, factories, commercial houses with high traffic density and educational facilities. Generally, it needs fire protection function and even goes through the relevant fire protection network access procedures before acceptance. For outdoor doors, if there is no sunshade and canopy above the door opening, special attention should be paid. The material or surface treatment of the product should be sun-proof, ultraviolet-proof and rust-proof. If the room has poor ventilation, convection or lighting, customers may need to choose door technology, install mosquito nets and install glass lighting at the door head. At this time, customers should be advised to use higher component configuration to ensure stable and reliable quality. In the process of communication, the advantages, performance and shortcomings of the selected products should be clearly explained to customers, so that customers can make rational choices themselves.
13. Determine the relevant requirements for locks.
Under normal circumstances, customers are advised not to make a ground lock for opening doors, because dust is easy to accumulate in the ground lock barrel under the door frame, which is inconvenient and unsightly to clean up (the door latch is equipped with a special dust-proof cylinder, but the ground lock is generally not equipped with this configuration). For products installed outdoors, customers should be advised to choose stainless steel locks, handle panels, etc. Ensure the stability and durability of products; Ask the customer about the external fixed or double-sided movable configuration of the handle panel, and explain the different characteristics of the two methods to the customer, so that the customer can determine it according to his own usage habits.
14. Determine hinge related requirements
Choose different types of hinges according to the selected product configuration, weight, door frame package configuration, etc. , so that the door leaf can be opened to the maximum angle smoothly, which is convenient for installation and maintenance (in principle, butterfly conjoined hinges should not be used). At the same time, the appearance, material and surface treatment of the hinge should conform to the characteristics of the product and installation site. When three or four open hinges are to be installed due to product process configuration or customer requirements, the spacing of hinge installation positions should be determined according to the load-bearing stress points, and the positions should not be specified for symmetry and beauty. Even if the effect is not good, we should give priority to ensuring the stability of the structure and explain it clearly to customers in advance to avoid misunderstanding by customers who pursue perfect details.
15. determine the process of the door head part of the product
When the height of the doorway is high, the height of the door leaf should be increased appropriately, so that the ratio of the height of the door head to the height of the door leaf is uniform and coordinated, and the ratio of the clear height of the door head to the clear height of the door leaf should be between 1: (4-5). Even if the total height of ordinary double doors and four doors exceeds 3000mm, the net height of the door head should be within 700mm as far as possible, so as not to affect the overall aesthetic proportion. For the convenience of lighting, cleaning and maintenance, if the door head adopts non-sealing technology, customers are advised to install glass on both sides. The glass must be toughened, and the glass glue should be set with primer on the contact surface, and then coated with top glue. Heightened and widened glass should be mechanically fixed on the outer edge of the door to prevent the excessive weight of glass during transportation from affecting the bonding strength of glass glue and ensure safety and reliability.
16. Determine the method of product installation and fixation
In the process of measurement, ask the owner whether the wall foundation is unclear, because many wall partitions are made of lightweight brick materials such as hollow bricks. If it is difficult to fix the common expansion screw firmly, other fixing methods should be chosen, requiring the factory to rivet the pull tab, install the lifting lug, extend the stress point, use cement steel nails, extend the steel bar, etc. And it is suggested that customers must pour cement during installation to ensure that the whole structure is firm and not easy to loosen. We can also make wooden bricks, fasteners, welded iron pieces and other embedded parts according to the texture of the wall to ensure the strength of the installation position is sufficient. For larger products, more expansion screw holes and fixing points should be appropriately added, such as installing pull rings above the door head beam and the lower end of the ground beam. , to prevent the ground beam from loosening and shaking due to stepping in and out.
17. Determine whether the maximum open space of the product is unobstructed.
When measuring the balcony door and the doorway with narrow passage space, it is necessary to demonstrate and simulate the movement track of the door leaf with a tape measure according to the axis point of the door leaf hinge, and observe whether the door leaf can be smoothly opened to more than 100 degrees. For example, when the railing on the balcony door is blocked, what is the opening angle of the door leaf and whether the passage space is convenient. Whether it is convenient to open the door leaf at the narrow entrance of the outer passage (especially in old residential buildings), if necessary, consider making folding doors for children and mothers. Is there a public fire hydrant and other facilities where the door leaves open to the side to prevent them from hitting the top? Whether there is any conflict when the door leaves of neighbors are opened at the same time, if they meet together, we should consider adjusting the opening direction inside and outside. And inform customers of these difficulties, so that customers can choose our solutions and avoid customers thinking that we did not inform them in advance and were not professional enough in the later stage of installation.