About Fujian Tulou
Fujian Tulou is also called "Hakka Tulou" because most of them were built by Hakka people in Fujian. Lou was born in Song and Yuan Dynasties and matured in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Taking soil, wood, stone and bamboo as the main building materials, a certain proportion of sandy clay and sticky sand are mixed in the unfired soil, and the houses with more than two floors are tamped with sandwich panels.
Fujian Tulou includes Gaobei Tulou Group, Hongkeng Tulou Group, Chuxi Tulou Group, Xiangtu Tulou Group and Zhen Fu Tulou Group, Tianluokeng Tulou Group in Nanjing County, Hekeng Tulou Group, Guilou Group and Huaiyuan Tulou Group, and Dadu Tulou Group in Hua 'an County. Among them, it is located on the second floor and the first floor of Dida Village, Xiandu Town, Hua 'an County, and is an outstanding representative of the ancient residence of yuanshi county Building in China. Known as "the king of tulou" and "the treasure of the country". It is famous for its large scale, scientific design, reasonable layout and well-preserved, and is a national key cultural relics protection unit.
As a proud architectural form of Fujian Hakka, Fujian Tulou is a treasure of Fujian folk houses. At the same time, human factors are added, which can be called the epitome of the combination of "heaven, earth and people". Dozens of families and hundreds of people go to the first floor together, which embodies the family tradition of Hakkas living in groups and living in harmony. Therefore, a tulou history is a rural family history. The descendants of Lou can often talk about the origin of the family without genealogy.
On July 6, 2008, it was officially listed in the World Heritage List at the 32nd World Heritage Conference held in Quebec City, Canada.
What are the main types of earth buildings?
Square tulou
Square earth building, referred to as "square building" for short, has many shapes such as square, rectangle, herringbone, Japanese herringbone and herringbone. From the outside, the square building is surrounded by high walls, with regular and closed corners, and its defense function is very prominent.
Among the square earth buildings, the square earth buildings with three to four floors are the most, and a few are as high as five to six floors. The ground floor is used as a kitchen, dining room or living room, the second floor is used as a granary or bedroom, and the third floor and above are used as bedrooms. Large square buildings generally have four wooden stairs, which are placed in four corners; Medium-sized square buildings generally have two wooden stairs, which are installed on the left and right sides of the gate; Small square buildings usually have a wooden staircase next to the entrance hall.
There are public facilities such as grain, rice, stone mill and water well. In large square buildings, there are also private schools and simple stages. The room distribution of residents in the building is usually from the first floor to the top floor; There are also staggered arrangements, commonly known as "plum blossoms."
Among the existing square buildings, the oldest is Fuxin Building in Xiazhai, Lei Hu, with a history of about 700 years. The famous square building is a classic building of Gaobei. It is a standard square building with a side length of 38 meters. He Jiong Building on Meilin Mountain is the tallest square building in Fujian. It has been built in the swamp for more than 200 years, and it is still very stable.
Round tulou
The round earth building is called "round building" for short, and Yongding locals call it "round building" or "round village". The same feature of circular buildings is that the main buildings such as gates and ancestral halls are located on the central axis, and the buildings on both sides are symmetrical, which is the same as other types of earth buildings. According to the number of rings, it can be divided into single ring and multiple rings.
Circular buildings generally have only two or three floors, the highest five floors, and a patio in the middle. Some are small and exquisite, such as Pengkeng Rongchang Building, ancient bamboo, 20 meters in diameter, 12 bay, 2 floors, only one. This pocket-sized round building can be called a round hut.
There are also relatively large ones, such as Fusheng Building in Yantai, Chen Dong, with 4 floors of H.
The official earth building, also known as "Five Peaks Building" and "Three Houses", is generally composed of "three halls and two falls".
The whole building has an obvious central axis, some are completely symmetrical and some are asymmetrical. The front hall (commonly known as the lower hall or hall), nave (commonly known as the middle hall) and back hall (commonly known as the main building) on the central axis are called "three halls". The first two halls 1-2 floors, and the back hall 2-5 floors. There are a row of horizontal houses separated by patios between the front hall and nave, and between nave and the back hall, which are collectively called "two waterfalls". The whole building is rigorous and magnificent.
direct traffic
Fuzhou tourists can take a bus from Fuzhou north to south to Longyan and Zhangzhou, and then transfer to Longyan to Yongding Tulou after arriving at Longyan Bus Station. It will take more than a day.
Visitors from Xiamen can take buses to the major scenic spots of Hubin South Road in Xiamen and Tulou in Fujian.
Charter a bus/train/coach.
If you find the car inconvenient, you can also charter a car. No one else is fighting, it's all ourselves; Freedom to leave whenever you want and stop whenever you want; A few friends come out to play, and it is wisest to choose a chartered car.
With the team
If you are worried about pure play, of course, it is recommended to travel with a group, so that you can put more energy into enjoying the scenery of tulou.