The architectural pattern of this high-walled deep house is one hall, one hall and one patio. Newcomers will definitely be confused. Generally, the entrance is the vestibule, with the patio in the middle and the hall behind. The hall is separated by the middle door, and there is also a two-bedroom and one-bedroom apartment. There is an upward sloping wall at the back of the hall, with a patio and wings on both sides. This is the first entry;
The structure of the second entrance is that the ridge is divided into two halls, two days before and after the well, with partition, four rooms and two halls; The third item, the fourth item or the queen's more pounds are all the same. The largest residential buildings in Huizhou are often "36 patios, 72 olive windows and more than 100 doors".
Walking into Huizhou folk houses, you will find that the complexity and exquisiteness of these folk houses are in sharp contrast with the simplicity outside, and the three famous carvings in Huizhou architecture-wood carving, brick carving and stone carving-are vividly reflected here.
Among Huizhou folk houses, the three carvings of wood, stone and brick are the most famous, which are called "Huizhou Three Wonders" and can be seen by almost every household. Carvings on doorways, door covers and leaky windows are rarely the same in Hanoi. The windowsill, skirt, sash and diagonal brace are all exquisite. In Xidi village, there is a family, and there are 24 filial piety pictures engraved on the twelve gates in the courtyard, which are very fine and tell the truth of being a man, and are of great cultural research value.
One of the most striking features of Huizhou ancient dwellings is their wide distribution. In thousands of villages and small villages in Huizhou, almost every village has ancient dwellings. According to experts, there were thousands of dwellings in Ming Dynasty and tens of thousands in Qing Dynasty. The number of ancient houses in Huizhou and the beauty of architectural style are incomparable in any region. It pushed the residential architecture to the extreme, and Huizhou residential architecture was a peak in the history of China.
When you walk into Huizhou, you walk into a huge garden. Every village here is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with green eyes and mountains. However, there are few trees in this village. Even if there are, they are some ornamental shrubs or flowers. Old trees are often at the far intersections or foothills outside the village, which does not affect the sight of the village. From a distance, a white wall blocking the corner is outlined by small gray tiles, like a hearty ink painting and a high-profile artistic photo. People walking in the mountains, like walking in a painting, can enjoy charming paintings and intoxicating poems anytime and anywhere.
It is no wonder that in 1930s, Yu Dafu, a romantic genius, was infected by the scenery of Huizhou and wrote a poem "Tunxi Overnight". The poem reads: "The Xin 'an River is full of water, and people on both sides are scattered like boats. A few nights under Tunxi Bridge, heartbroken spring scenery is like Yangzhou. "Huizhou folk houses have a quiet and exquisite appearance and a unique aesthetic taste.
Huizhou folk houses occupy a very important position in Huizhou culture. When Huizhou culture is mentioned, people will naturally think of high pier walls and blue butterfly tiles. Many people, including many overseas people, want to visit Huizhou.
Huizhou folk houses are a unique cultural phenomenon.
Anyone who knows a little about the history of China knows that there were big businessmen in two provinces in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, one was Shanxi and the other was Anhui. That is, people often say Shanxi merchants and Huizhou merchants. (The Qiao Family Courtyard and Wang Family Courtyard in Shanxi introduced last time are both deep house courtyards built by Shanxi people who went out to do business and returned to their hometown after making a lot of money. The same is true of Huizhou folk houses. )
Huizhou folk houses are a cultural phenomenon with unique Huizhou cultural characteristics, and Huizhou ancient folk houses were formed in a specific natural and cultural environment. Huizhou people who "have five mountains in their chests and a big Kyushu at the soles of their feet" have done business in all directions or returned to their hometowns with great wealth, introduced higher-level culture from abroad, built large-scale buildings, paid attention to ostentation and extravagance, and built exquisite and unique residential buildings, which made their career. Therefore, as early as the end of the Ming Dynasty, "overlooking high walls and white houses" became a unique landscape of Huizhou villages.
People who have just arrived in Huizhou can see all the scenery of these houses, such as high horse-headed walls, gray and black fish-scale tiles and wooden doors and windows showing their true colors. In fact, Huizhou folk houses are far from people's houses. They are a whole concept including ancestral temples, family temples and other buildings. Without ancestral halls, there would be no houses. There are many rich families who moved from other places in Huizhou. In order to consolidate their position and safeguard their own interests, they lived together and formed a strong patriarchal concept and a very strict clan organization. "
In short: white walls and tiles, five mountains facing the sky, four waters returning to the hall, and Horsehead Wall (also known as firewall) is an ancient folk house in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which integrates fire prevention, waterproof, theft prevention and human habitation.