Baitashan Park is located on the north bank of the Yellow River in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City, with an altitude of 1700 meters. The top of the mountain is named after the mysterious white pagoda built by Mongols.
Because Baita Mountain is located on the north bank of the Yellow River, it is undulating and mountainous, and it has the trend of "encircling Jincheng". It forms a natural barrier with the Yellow River in Lanzhou, and it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. According to legend, Genghis Khan devoted himself to peace.
Baita Mountain White Pagoda (Xin Guoying/photo)
In order to unify Tibetan areas, he wrote to the King of Sakya Sect (Hua Jiao) in Tibetan areas, hoping to peacefully unify Tibetan areas through negotiations. Sakya sent a famous Lama to Mongolia to visit Genghis Khan. Arrived in Lanzhou and died unfortunately. After the unification of Mongolia, a white pagoda and a temple were built at the top of the mountain to commemorate the Lama. Because the chalk outside the tower was as white as snow in the sun, Baita Mountain got its name and became a religious resort at that time. The original tower collapsed at the end of Yuan Dynasty. According to the records of rebuilding Baita Temple, it was rebuilt by Liu Yongcheng, the internal supervisor of the existing Baita Department in Ming Yingzong, when he was guarding Lanzhou during the orthodox Chen Wu period (1448). "Since the Vatican Palace, the monk residence has been built, and it will always be the scene of Jincheng." Standing in the square near the iron bridge on the south bank of the Yellow River, looking north, Baita Mountain has a series of halls with red eaves, and the white pagoda at the top of the mountain is like a jade carving, quite like the North Sea Yongan Bridge.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Baita Mountain has become a scene in Gansu. Wen Li's poem Baita Temple vividly depicts Baita Mountain in Ming Dynasty;
The world of mortals is broken by water, and the temple is quiet.
The dragon returns to the mountains and the moon is bright, and the crane sends a long sky and autumn.
The White Pagoda rises with the clouds, and it often rains in the Yellow River.
Staring at the railing for a long time, the smoke tree grows!
Boarding the station where the park gate is located, looking back to the south, Zhongshan Avenue, which echoes the Yellow River Railway Bridge from a distance, looks like a deep urban alley, which extends from north to south at the narrowest part of Lanzhou City, and the jade belt extends from east to west here, which suddenly adds an infinite sense of depth to Lanzhou City sandwiched between two mountains and makes people feel a yearning for "how deep the courtyard is" and 0. The walking Zhongshan Avenue brings the bustling streets of Zhangye Road Pedestrian Street and Xiguan Cross to life, so Henan and Hebei face each other across the river and face each other in elevation; Under the mountain, the popularity of the market and the Zen of the ancient temple complement each other, and the rolling world of mortals and the swaying Sanskrit sounds that vaguely waded through the water set each other off.
Climbing up the steps along the flower hanging platform, there are three buildings in Baita Mountain, which are close to the mountains and waters. They are located in the foothills of Qian Shan, and pavilions are shaped according to the situation. They exhibit the seamless breath of the Yellow River entering the sea day and night, and play an architectural symphony of Huang Zhongda Road. Music flows across the river, connecting the Yellow River Railway Bridge with the White Pagoda at the top of the mountain, and also connecting the world with Brahma, echoing each other from afar. Three buildings are the main buildings of Baitashan Park, built at 1958. It was designed by more than 200 professionals and folk craftsmen led by Mr. Ren Zhenying, an architectural expert. It took a year to build them on the ruins of collapsed ancient buildings by using the building components demolished in the transformation of the old city. The whole building is solemn and simple, magnificent, strewn at random, with a coherent corridor, which blends beauty with roughness and twists and turns in the opening. The first one is an open hall with carved beams and painted buildings on all sides, and the concave hall skillfully connects one or two sets. There is an octagonal pavilion on the south side of the cloister, and the cornices of the octagonal pavilion are towering and magnificent; There is a pavilion with double eaves and four corners on the north side, which is unique. Along the stone steps, there are two magnificent brand buildings with a width of five meters and a seven-level arch in the middle, which is very rare in similar buildings in China. Ertaifang is tall and straight, with seven clouds on the top, exquisite and elegant. To the north along the steps, there are three magnificent halls, followed by mountains and rivers. This hall is 10 meters high, 80 meters long and 20 meters wide. It has a glass roof and looks like a green hillside from a distance. Brick carvings decorated with various patterns on the wall are round and smooth, and wood carvings painted on rafters and hanging corners are solemn and lively, full of local characteristics. The pavilions and cornices in the three buildings break through the traditional French style in Lanzhou, and Bona is widely used, which is more stable and atmospheric than Jiangnan gardens and lighter and more agile than buildings in North China and Central Plains. Especially in the treatment of double eaves, the flight direction is twisted by 90 degrees, which makes them alternate and strengthen the feeling of circulation and flight. The promenade breaks through the traditional French style and looks spacious and atmospheric.
Baihua Pavilion in the southeast foothills was originally built in Wenchang Palace, which was "difficult to verify for a long time" in Qing Dynasty. The existing building was rebuilt in the eighth year of Jiaqing (1803). 1958 was transformed into Baihua Pavilion with four corners and two floors.
The Sanguan Hall above Fengling, opposite to the Luohan Hall in the east, was built in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty (1662~ 1722) and fell into disrepair in the early years of the Republic of China. At that time, the abbot monk Cao Longyi carried twenty or thirty stones, which were rebuilt in the eleventh year of the Republic of China, forming the magnificent scene of today's "ancient temples towering into the sky, dangerous buildings hundreds of feet, hanging in the mountains". These three palaces are generally dedicated to the heavenly official Yao, the local official Shun and the water official Yu. They are three of the Five Emperors, and they are the gods worshipped by Taoism. I don't know why there is another abbot monk here. The whole building is a quadrangle, and the main hall is about one meter higher than the gatehouse. The main hall is in the north, with a sloping back, a hard-topped wing in the east and a sloping gatehouse in the south. To reach the Hall of the Great Hero, you should start from Hexagonal Heng in the southeast of the temple, climb 46 steps back and forth, and reach the courtyard of the temple, then you can experience the poetic realm and Zen meaning of "flying".
The Luohantang, which is far away from Fengling Sangong in the west, was built in Qianlong and Daoguang years (1736- 1850) and rebuilt in Guangxu years. After renovation in 1950s, it was converted into exhibition hall and office.
The whole temple sits west facing east, the main hall is hung on the north mountain, and the roof of the shed is connected with the shed to support the outside of the house; On the west is the hard mountain wing with a shed and a mansion, which has been transferred to the original Baita Temple Tibetan Hall for stone carving and bodhisattva statue; To the south is a pole hanging building on the hard top of the mountain, which is a veritable castle in the air with winding steps leading to the backyard. Luohan Temple is built on the mountain, which is deep and unique. Some people write poems praising the soaring trend of "Temple Pillow Rock".
When climbing the mountain, there are "Linfeng Xiangniao" and "Xiuying Santai" on the front and back of the Linfeng Xiangniao archway in the middle of the "Xiaoliuban", both of which are the titles of Gaolan Juren Licun. The linfeng fragrant bird archway not only plays a transitional role in Qian Shan architecture, but also is a good viewing spot. Looking around, the three pavilions on the top of Lanshan Mountain are like palaces in the air, the pavilions in the halls are filled with cigarettes, the LAM Raymond ancient customs are filled with clouds, Lanshan is winding, and the Dahedong River flows.
Baita Temple, located at the top of Baita Mountain, is also called Baita Courtyard. The White Pagoda in the hospital has seven floors and eight sides, with a height of17m. It is characterized by combining Lama Pagoda and Miyan Pagoda. The 5.4-meter-high pedestal is an octagonal girdle seat with a covered bowl, which is a seven-level tower with eight sides and dense eaves. There are brick-carved Buddha statues and iron horses with horns on each floor. This tower is painted with chalk, as white as snow.
Just south of the courtyard is the top floor of the two-story scroll shed in Wuyishan, dedicated to Guanyin, Manjusri and Pu Xian, which was expanded in the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong (1772). The North Hall is a mansion-style building, which lies on the mountain front and back. Behind the North Hall is the Tibetan Bodhisattva Hall; The east and west hatchbacks are hard mountains with halls. According to the Records of Gaolan County, Liu Yongcheng, the internal supervisor guarding Jingtai in the early Ming Dynasty (1436- 1449), rebuilt the Baita Temple on the original site, and built the Samsung Hall, Wenchang Palace and Kuixing Pavilion in the northeast of the Tayuan. In the 20th year of Wanli (1592), the Tayuan was rebuilt. Because Baita Mountain is mountainous and surrounded by Jincheng, there are three passes at the foot of the mountain: LAM Raymond, Jincheng and Lei Yu. It is an important pass to the west of Longyou Road and a military stronghold in Gulan. So it is based on the meaning of "Tai" in the Book of Changes. This deliberately arranged pattern makes the architectural layout of Baita Mountain completely different from the natural layout specifications of the famous Tibetan Palace at the foot of the mountain and the Jade Emperor Pavilion at the top of the mountain. However, the Jade Emperor Pavilion was demolished in 1958 and replaced with three buildings today, which made this characteristic layout less obvious. The Jade Emperor Pavilion can be clearly seen from the pictures of the White Pagoda Mountain in Ganlong collected in Lanzhou City Records and Landscaping Records.
Among the four common Buddhas in Buddhist temples, except the Bodhisattva who wishes to hide in the underworld, the other three Buddhas are often called "the three great scholars". In the "Three Masters" Hall, avalokitesvara generally lives among the bodhisattvas, with Zhang Shu on the left and Pu Xian on the right. Buddha gg _ _ j:- According to legend, Guanyin Bodhisattva, the first Buddha of Amitabha, is one of the "Three Saints of the West". With compassion for others, he can incarnate 33 kinds and save 72 kinds of disasters by struggling for liberation. Avalokitesvara's Dojo is in Putuo Luojia, South Indian Ocean, China, and the Dojo of Avalokitesvara is in Putuo Mountain, Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province. Methods It is common to sit on the Lotus Table, with good fortune on the left and dragon girl on the right, with good looks and good eyes, and most of them are women. Guanyin Bodhisattva, because of its great compassion, makes people feel like loving mothers. After the Tang Dynasty, it gradually became a female Buddha. The full name of Manjusri Bodhisattva is "Zhang Shu Shi Li" or "Shuman Shi Li". According to Buddhist scriptures, Manjusri Bodhisattva was born with Buddha in the 6th century BC, and was born in a Brahmin family in the Tianluo settlement of Pishamen. Manjusri Bodhisattva, like Buddha, emerged from the mother's right rib. When he was born, he was purple and gold, covered with seven treasures and fell to the ground. In Mahayana Buddhism, Manjusri Bodhisattva ranks first among all the Bodhisattvas and is often accompanied by Samantabhadra Bodhisattva. It is the embodiment of wisdom, which is called wisdom and eloquence first, and is honored as "great wisdom, great wisdom and great teacher's ability and eloquence first". The common method is to hold the lotus in the left hand and the sword in the right hand, and the mount is a lion or peacock. In China, Wutai Mountain was the Dojo of Manjushri when the Eastern Han Emperor (58-75) first introduced Buddhism. The practice of Samantabhadra Bodhisattva is generally riding a white elephant. Since the third year of Long 'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (399), Mount Emei in Sichuan has been the Dojo of Bodhisattva Samantabhadra. According to the Buddhist scriptures, the Great Wisdom Bodhisattva once descended to Silla as a prince, surnamed Jin, famous Jue, and had a strange appearance. After becoming a monk, he was named a "Tibetan monk" and Tang Gaozong Yonghui for four years (653), and chose Jiuhuashan to live and build a house. Many years later, Zhuge Ji, a local, saw that the Tibetan monk was too poor, so he went to lobby Gong Min, who owned the whole Jiuhuashan real estate, to build a Buddhist temple for the Tibetan monk. Gong Min believed in Buddhism and asked him how much space he needed to build a temple. A monk in Tibet said that the cassock in one place is enough. As a result, a cassock was hidden underground, covering the whole Jiuhua Mountain. As soon as Gong Min saw that Tibetans were so powerful, he dedicated the whole Jiuhua Mountain to Tibetans as a Dojo. Dizang once made a great wish, that is, he would never become a Buddha until all sentient beings were exhausted by the Six Ways, and hell was not empty. So, now such a couplet can be seen everywhere in front of the Buddhist temple in Tibet:
All living beings prove bodhi; Hell will never become a Buddha until it is empty.
Because of this ambition, most Buddhist temples offer sacrifices to Tibetan bodhisattvas alone. The method is a monk, holding Zhang Xi in his right hand and a treasure ball in his left hand. Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva also has the method of riding and listening. The attendants on the left and right are Gong Min and his son Ming Dow. Young Ming Dow became a monk early, entered an empty net first, and took the lead.
1976, the front building, the main hall and the wing were rebuilt by the local government, and the adobe wall was changed into a brick wall. The original height of the front building is low, so the original height of the ground floor is increased from 2.85m to 3m, the original height of the second floor is increased from 1.8 1m to 2.4m, and the front porch of the second floor is increased from 1. 1m to1.5m. At the same time, in order not to change the tower. The compact layout of the courtyard space sets off the height of the White Pagoda to the maximum extent and creates a towering environmental atmosphere for the White Pagoda. No matter from Yantan in the east, Xiaoxihu in the west or Wuquan Mountain in the south, you can see the buildings in front and the White Pagoda. The so-called "White Pagoda Sunset" is a beautiful scene, that is, when the sun sets, looking east at the White Pagoda Mountain on Xiaoxi Lake, the afterglow of the setting sun paints the front building and the White Pagoda golden yellow, just like a fairyland.
In the past, Baita Temple was said to have "Three Treasures of Zhenshan", but there have been different opinions on the definition of "Three Treasures". There are roughly three opinions: stone Buddha, white pagoda, bronze bell, stone Buddha, bronze bell, bauhinia tree, elephant drum, bronze bell and bauhinia tree. The stone Buddha is the Buddha buried in the stone carving of Luohan Hall, and the so-called "Bauhinia tree" is not a rare tree species born in the southern tropical rain forest, but a Xanthoceras sorbifolia planted in the courtyard by the abbot of the temple during the Kangxi period, which has dried up and died. Now the temple is specially equipped with elephant drums, bronze bells and Wang Yu tablets for visitors to watch. The legend of the elephant drum in Baita Temple was presented to the Buddha by Indian monks when they visited the temple. The bronze bell was cast in the 57th year of Kangxi (17 18). Although it weighs only 153.5 kg, it is a provincial key cultural relic together with the White Pagoda. Compared with the big clocks in many famous temples, this bronze clock is a little small. But don't worry; Can look down upon the role of this Jason Chung, although it is small and exquisite, but it is "as loud as Hong Zhong", a knock, acoustic shock the city. When the Japanese bombed Lanzhou, the local clock was used as an air defense alarm. In the early days of liberation, this clock was also invited by Lanzhou 1 University to tell the time for students. Wang Yu Monument was originally built in the Liumian Pavilion of Jinshan Temple and Wang Yu Temple. It was moved to the Peony Pavilion of Beifeng in 1963 and moved to Baita Temple in 1980. According to legend, it was written by Dayu when he was managing water. The monument is 3 meters high and 1 meter wide, with 77 words of ancient seal script engraved on it. The original monument is on the 72 nd peak of Hengshan Mountain, with a strange shape that no one can recognize. Later generations attached it to Dayu when he was managing water. Han Yu's poem "Zen Mountain" has a sentence "Zen Mountain Monument". In the fifth year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 12 12), He Jiu found this tablet on the top of the mountain and carved it in Yuelu Academy. In the 11th year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (186 1), the people of Jiuquan were copied and erected in the Jinshan Temple on the west side of Baita Mountain. Later, due to the collapse of the temple, it was moved to the Peony Pavilion in Houshan on 1964, and now it is moved to Baita Temple.
Peony Pavilion is located in the north peak, the highest point of Baita Mountain, which is higher than Qiaotou Square 168m. The Peony Pavilion is an octagonal double-layer monk hat top structure, and it takes 206 steps from the rest pavilion to the Peony Pavilion. Therefore, going to the Peony Pavilion is called "climbing a ladder".
Jinchengguan is located about 1km west of the south gate of Baitashan Park, on the hook of "Jintangyu". Located in the Song Dynasty, it is an important pass to Hexi. According to historical records, in the fourth year of Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong (108 1), Li Xian, the ruler of Xihe River, captured Lanzhou and ordered the headquarters to build the Golden Gate in the north of Lanzhou and the north bank of the Yellow River. Hongwu, Orthodox and Wanli were rebuilt or rebuilt many times in Ming Dynasty. In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1942), G New Highway was demolished together with Jinshan Temple in the north.
Amitabha: Pure Land Buddhism worships Amitabha, which means "boundless light" or "infinite life". According to the Buddhist scriptures, as long as you recite "Amitabha", the Buddha will lead you into the western paradise at the end of your life.
The Three Sages of the West: Buddhist scriptures refer to Amitabha in the pure land of the West, as well as Guanyin and the general trend.
According to the Buddhist scriptures, a monster shaped like a lion can distinguish between good and evil in the world by listening to the ground.
Xanthoceras sorbifolia, also known as "cliff papaya", grows in the Yellow River valley. In the past, Lanzhou people mistakenly thought it was a bauhinia tree.
Address: Baitashan, No.0/KLOC-0, Beibinhe Middle Road, Anning District, Lanzhou
Type: Shancheng Park
Play time: 2-3 hours is recommended.
Tel: 093/kloc-093 1-8363724；; 093 1-8366 1 14; 093 1-8360800
Opening hours:
6:00-24:00
Ticket information:
It's free.