Edema is a clinical syndrome characterized by unfavorable lung, spleen and kidney gasification function, abnormal body fluid distribution, water accumulation in the body, water flooding the skin, head, face, limbs, chest and abdomen and even the whole body edema. "Danxi Heart Edema" divides the symptoms into two categories: yin water and yang water, pointing out that "if the whole body is swollen, thirsty, urine is red and stool is closed, this belongs to yang water"; "If the whole body is swollen, not thirsty, loose stool, urinating less, not red or astringent, this is yin water." Western medicine refers to acute and chronic nephritis, congestive heart failure, high malnutrition, endocrine diseases and other edema, which can be treated with reference to this syndrome.
1. Etiology and pathogenesis Edema is caused by invasion of exogenous pathogens or dysfunction of viscera, disharmony of triple energizer and unfavorable bladder gasification.
(1) Exogenous wind pathogen: due to wind-cold pathogen, the lungs will not fall, water can't enter the bladder, and water overflows the skin, resulting in water retention and edema.
(2) improper diet: due to overeating or internal injuries of seven emotions, the temper is lost, the water stops overflowing the skin and edema.
(3) Physical weakness and overwork: Long-term illness, physical weakness or overwork damage kidney qi, resulting in imbalance of water and liquid transport, water and liquid accumulation and edema.
2. The dialectical treatment of edema is mainly based on yin and yang. Anyone who sees exterior fever should be treated according to yang and water. All internal deficiency and cold syndrome are treated from yin and water.
(1) cation water:
(1) Feng Shui flood:
Syndrome: Eyelid edema, followed by swelling of limbs and whole body, soreness of limbs, dysuria, aversion to wind, fever, cough or sore throat. Moss is thin and white with floating veins.
Treatment: dispersing lung and promoting diuresis.
Prescription: Yuemai plus soup.
② Water wet impregnation
Syndrome: Systemic edema mainly occurs in abdomen and lower limbs, with no fingers, short and red urine, chest tightness, anorexia, greasy fur and thready pulse.
Treatment: activating yang and promoting diuresis.
Prescription; Wuling powder combined with Wupi drink is the main prescription.
(2) Yin water:
① Spleen yang deficiency:
Syndrome; Lower extremity edema is more serious, depression, abdominal distension, sallow complexion, listlessness, cold limbs, loose stool's anorexia, short and red urine, pale tongue, white and greasy fur, and slow pulse, which is difficult to recover.
Treatment: warming the middle energizer and strengthening the spleen, promoting qi circulation and promoting diuresis.
Prescription; Shipi drink is the main prescription.
② Kidney-yang deficiency:
Syndrome; General edema, especially below the waist, low back pain, decreased urine output, cold limbs, pale face, white fur and deep and thin pulse.
Treatment; Warming kidney and promoting diuresis.
Prescription: Wenyang Lishui Decoction is the main prescription.
3. Dialectical nursing
(1) cation water:
① The wards of patients with sunny water should be dry and clean, and those with heavy heat should be cool, and those with heavy wet water should be warm, with fresh air and sufficient light.
(2) It is advisable to rest in an absolute position. When nursing, the patient should be kind, patient and meticulous, and those with edema or even chest tightness and shortness of breath should take a semi-recumbent position. Sheets should be dry and flat, without chips and wrinkles to prevent skin damage and infection.
③ Patients with weak spleen and stomach function should choose light, digestible and nutritious foods, such as milk, soybean milk, noodles and porridge. Therefore, spinach, water spinach, celery, day lily, cucumber, wax gourd, water bamboo, watermelon, Sydney, water chestnut, fresh lotus root juice and other smooth foods should be given.
(4) At the early stage of Yang Shui, the swelling of salt-free diet should gradually recede, and it should be changed to low salt, avoiding spicy, tobacco and alcohol and other irritating items. Sun Simiao used adzuki bean, mulberry bark, carp and Atractylodes macrocephala to treat edema in "A Thousand Women with Edema", and clearly pointed out: "Fish should not use salt, but always cut off salt, and five flavors should be carefully seasoned with salt". All previous dynasties paid attention to avoiding salt.
⑤ People with yang deficiency and water heat should eat more vegetables, fruits and foods containing crude fiber because of dry stools, and use laxatives such as Maren Pills to relax the bowels properly to avoid fainting due to overdose.
6 head and face swelling, can be smoked with duckweed soup to promote sweating and swelling, but don't catch cold.
⑦ Fengshui has exogenous pathogenic factors, so coriander decoction can be used instead of tea to help dispel it, and it is not appropriate to attack it if the exterior syndrome is not removed.
⑧ When the patients with yang water have swollen throat moth, blow it on the affected area with Xilei powder or Hou Feng powder three times a day, and strengthen oral care. Rinse your mouth with light salt water or honeysuckle and licorice water every day to clear away heat and toxic materials.
Pet-name ruby attack method is a common method to treat yang water, although it has immediate effect, but it is easy to hurt the body, so you should measure your weight and abdominal circumference before taking the medicine, observe the whole body changes and stool after taking the medicine, and make records.
Attending to closely observe the changes of edema. Lung diseases often cause head swelling first; Heart disease is mostly swollen in the lower body; Asplenia often has limb swelling first; Liver diseases are mainly hypochondriac pain and abdominal distension; Nephropathy is swelling at the top and swelling at night. The edema mostly subsided from top to bottom. If the limbs sink and the abdomen expands, it is the death of fluid loss and the prognosis is poor.
(2) Yin water:
① Patients belong to deficiency-cold type, often afraid of cold and need to keep warm. The ward should be sunny and have a high room temperature. Add more clothes and quilts at ordinary times to avoid catching cold.
② The course of Yin-water is lingering and can't be cured repeatedly.
③ The patient's whole body is swollen and swollen below the waist. Pressing will easily damage the skin and require special protection. Be sure to wash with warm water to avoid rough movements and hard rubbing. Carefully wipe dry the skin wrinkles and sprinkle with talcum powder. If the scrotum edema is obvious, it can be lifted with a sling to prevent bedsore. Edema of lower limbs can elevate the affected limb.
(4) Yin water should be nourishing, and you can give more foods containing more protein, such as eggs, meat and fish. The diet should be warm, avoid cold fruits and cold salad, and use some ginger, mustard and pepper appropriately. And often eat lentils, broad beans, lotus seeds, walnuts, jujube, beef and mutton and other products. Because of spleen deficiency, abdominal distension and boredom, eat less gas-producing foods such as milk and soy milk.
⑤ Chinese medicine should be decocted in thick, taken while it is hot, with a small amount for many times.
⑥ Observe the condition closely. If there is hypertensive encephalopathy, the urine volume changes after taking diuretics, the swelling trend fades, and the tongue coating is abnormal, such as sudden loss of light as a mirror or thick as powder, corrosion, etc., suggesting that the condition is malignant. If the tongue swells, suddenly becomes thinner and tremors, it may be a sign of liver wind movement.
⑦ After the edema subsides, you can cooperate with Qigong exercise appropriately.
4. Health guidance
(1) Live regularly, go to bed early and get up early.
(2) After the edema subsides, it is necessary to combine motion and static, such as walking and playing Tai Ji Chuan. Prevent excessive fatigue, especially control sexual intercourse.
(3) The disease is lingering and repeated, encouraging patients to establish confidence in overcoming the disease, strengthening the body resistance, avoiding the invasion of foreign pathogens and preventing colds.
(4) Strengthen nutrition, prevent food damage, especially after a serious illness, avoid overeating, and don't eat too much fat and sweets.