First, Xixia people became extinct?
Now when Genghis Khan is mentioned in Ningxia, the first thing people think of is his campaign to destroy Xixia. The campaign lasted for 22 years and was divided into three parts: Mongolia invaded Xixia for the first time, Mongolia formed an alliance with Xixia, and Mongolia invaded Xixia again. The specific time is:
105, Mongolia attacked Xixia for the first time, mainly plundering.
107, the Mongolian army attacked Xia on a large scale and returned home after breaking through the Ula Sea.
109, Mongolia attacked Xia for the third time and surrounded Zhongxing House, the capital of Xixia. Peace in Xixia.
124, Mongolia sent troops to attack the summer and captured Yinzhou.
126, Mongolia launched a large-scale summer war. This is the last battle between Mongolia and Xixia. 165438+ 10, Genghis Khan besieged Lingzhou, an important town in northern Xixia. Ling led an army of 654.38 million to fight along the Yellow River in the west of Lingzhou. The Mongolian army had to cross the river to besiege Lingzhou.
At this time, the Yellow River is thousands of miles away, and the north wind becomes ice. The two armies fought in array on the frozen Yellow River. On the hard ice, the Xixia army fought bravely with high morale. The battle between the two sides on the ice was dark and bloody. With the passage of time, the advantages of Mongolian cavalry began to appear. Finally, the infantry in Xixia couldn't support it. Finally, there was a gap in the formation and the soldiers dispersed. One hundred thousand troops were killed by Mongols, and Lingzhou fell.
1227, Zhongxing House in Xixia was besieged for half a year, and the plague spread in the city. Zhongxing ran out of food, and the soldiers and civilians got sick and lost their ability to resist. At the end of Xixia, the monarch had no choice but to surrender to Mongolia. Xixia was officially declared extinct, and the 22-year war against Xixia came to an end.
In fact, there may be some problems with this statement. The Mongols slaughtered the city in Zhongxing Prefecture, and most of the buildings in Xixia were destroyed, but the massacre ended because of Chahan's suggestion. He said, "The emperor will collapse, the general will capture and kill Zhu Xia, then discuss Tu Zhongxing, stop remonstrating, rush in and settle the adherents." It can be seen that the slaughter order was negotiated by the ministers after Genghis Khan's death, and was stopped by the Xixia general Chahan under the order of Genghis Khan.
Second, destroy the tomb of Xixia?
Even in the year of Chahan Biography in the Yuan Dynasty, Genghis Khan said in this war: "I tried not to kill or rob the five-star party in winter and forgot to write a letter. You can announce it to the Chinese and foreign countries today and let other pedestrians know what I mean. " It means that when I went to war last winter, I met five stars and promised not to kill or rob, but I forgot to make an imperial edict. Now you can announce it to everyone and let everyone know what he means.
According to the data, in addition to the heavy losses of the Xixia royal family in Zhongxing House, the ordinary people in Xixia did not become extinct. According to Yuan Shi, after the demise of Xixia, a large number of Xixia people joined the army, such as Ye Bu Gan Bu, Li Xi Qian Bu, emissary, Bai Yan, Huo Duo Duo, Cha Han and so on. And led the Xixia army to attack the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty. They went south with the Mongolian army and were stationed in the Central Plains and Jiangnan. Some Xixia people were moved and forced to leave their hometown, such as "sending people from Lingzhou to farm and returning the land to Jingzhao", "moving people from Hexi to Yingzhou", "sending thousands of people from Hexi and
The first statement is basically impossible. Mongols don't talk about geomantic omen in cemeteries, and Genghis Khan can't destroy and dig the tombs of Xixia. : "The country can't afford a grave or a ridge. After the burial, thousands of horses were razed to the ground, and people don't know. " It means the place where the emperor was buried, and the horse was sent to step on the ground. After a long time, no one will know whether the grass and trees are green. Therefore, Mongols do not destroy tombs, and Han people have no concept of tomb feng shui.
The second statement is not credible either. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/226, Genghis Khan, who fought abroad with his wife for many years, died, which was a major event for the Mongolian army. They have no time or possibility to discover and destroy the Xixia Mausoleum dozens of kilometers away.
The Xixia Mausoleum was discovered by the Ming government during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty and confirmed as the Xixia Mausoleum. The poet of the Ming Dynasty said: "The ancient tombs at the foot of Helan Mountain are thick and as high as floating water. Gu told me that the cloud was the king and prince of the past. " This poem is selected from the History of the Yuan Dynasty and named as the History of the Yuan Dynasty. Ancient tomb, ancient tomb, refers to Xixia tomb. Mongolia destroyed Xixia for so long, who can guarantee that the tombs of Xixia will not be stolen? This has nothing to do with the Mongolian army.
3. Died of Princess Xixia?
Besides,
The process of Genghis Khan's destruction of Xixia was as follows: in June 65438 +0227+10, he left some troops to continue to besiege Zhongxing Mansion, and led most of them to cross the Yellow River to attack Jishizhou, completely cutting off Xia Jun's back road. Xixia army resisted day and night in the capital, and repeatedly repelled the attack of Mongolian army. In May, He Lilongde took a summer vacation in Liupanshan because of the hot weather, and sent someone to Zhongxing House to give an order. In June, the Mongols besieged Zhongxing Mansion for half a year, and Xixia soldiers and civilians fought back. In July, Genghis Khan was seriously ill in Liupanshan. After his death, he was asked to keep a secret for a period of time, waiting for Li Jian to come to this city.
Princess Xixia is said to be a very, very beautiful Xixia woman in Wohatun, Gulbul Kingdom. In many stories, she is infinitely interpreted. It is said that after she gave it to Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan asked her to be his concubine. She agreed on the surface, but she didn't want to be humiliated. On the night with her, she used the excitement of Genghis Khan to make her bleed profusely.
Genghis Khan is 60 years old. Although he has been working hard all the year round, he has never encountered such a thing and can't stand this kind of tossing. He feels ashamed and resentful. He has nothing to hide. So this matter was concealed, and the Mongolian army only said that Khan fell from his horse and was seriously injured. However, Wohatun, the princess of Xixia who didn't want to live, knew that Genghis Khan would not let her go, so she chose to jump into the Yellow River and commit suicide.
This legend is the best in the romantic stories of ancient emperors in China. However, we have read some words in relevant history books, such as "It doesn't rain at noon in autumn and July" and "At noon, the emperor is very ill". It can be seen that she was ill before her death, and the story of Princess Xixia is a legend.
In fact, according to the records in the Ballad of the Ancient Tomb, Genghis Khan's last words are as follows: "The nomadic people are in Tongguan, with mountains in the south and rivers in the north, which are difficult to break. If the false way is based on the feud between Song, Song and Jin, I will allow it. And then I-
Located in the west of Xu Jin Kingdom and the upper reaches of the Yellow River, as long as Xixia is pacified, Mongolia can enter the Great Wall from the south of Xixia Kingdom, commanding, and straight into Henan, the center of Xu Jin Kingdom. At the same time, the attack on Xixia is the training ground and forward base for Mongols to attack Xu Jin in the future. So Genghis Khan adopted the strategy of attacking Xixia first and clearing the periphery. Weak first, then strong, and pick out the weak ones one by one, hoping to get the effect of killing several birds with one stone. This is the consistent practice of Genghis Khan and the strategic goal he wants to achieve by conquering Xixia.