Shangyou, Jiangxi is one of the important birthplaces of Hakka's living and reproduction and Hakka culture. However, for various reasons, some traditional Hakka cultural projects are on the verge of extinction. Therefore, Shangyou County mobilized organizations and social forces at all levels to rescue Hakka cultural heritage and tap Hakka cultural resources. "Nine Lions Worship Elephants" is a large lantern unique to Shangyou County. Shangyou County invested heavily in organizing folk artists to redevelop and save this Hakka cultural heritage.
In the landscape of Meijiao Town, Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, there is a magical and beautiful village-Sanliao. Known as "the birthplace of Kanyu culture" and "the first village of Feng Shui culture in China". In recent years, groups of tourists from inside and outside the province, as well as overseas Hakkas, and even some news media, have come here in succession to look for traces of their ancestors and the mysteries of mountains and rivers.
This big village with a population of more than 4,000 is mostly named after Zeng and Liao. Sanliao, located in the hinterland, is famous for its geomantic master Yang Junsong. Yang is called the poverty alleviation fairy by the world for saving the world and helping the poor. In charge of the geography of Lingtai in the imperial court, he was worshipped as Dr. Jin Guanglu. In the sixth year of Tang Dynasty, Huang Chao took Chang 'an, which shocked the ruling and opposition parties. Yang Junsong left Beijing with the secret of court geomantic omen and settled in Sanliao. Yang Junsong, who is good at geomantic omen and astronomical geography, found that the topography of Sanliao Village is like a geomantic compass, and the orientation of a rocky mountain in the basin is also like a pointer in the compass. So, Yang Junsong, who was adrift, took his two apprentices, Zeng Wen and Liao, and built three huts here to settle down, hence the name Sanliao. Since then, Yang Junsong has been teaching and writing here, creating and spreading his theory of honesty. Under his advocacy, China's folk geomantic culture has been circulating endlessly for thousands of years, prevailing at home and abroad.
Zeng and Liao's descendants also practiced geomantic omen and passed it down from generation to generation. In the Ming Dynasty, the descendants of Zeng Wen went into politics one after another, and Liao, the descendant of Liao people, made great contributions to Ming Taizu's exploration of the imperial tomb and was named Doctor Qin Lingtai. They built the world-famous Ming Tombs in Beijing. Once in politics, he also built a nine-city military fortress for the Great Wall of Wan Li and surveyed the site of the New Year Hall in Beijing. After his death, Emperor Yongle also sent two eunuchs to escort his coffin back to his hometown for a glorious burial. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, there were two famous feng shui masters, Liao and Liao Shaoding.
A closed house is a kind of folk house where people live together. It is a family, a shrine, a castle, and the residents living in it are descendants of an ancestor. People meet in a closed room. Commensurate with each other's bloodline. Therefore, the second characteristic of closed houses is "consanguinity". The bond to maintain this blood relationship is to carry out ancestor worship activities regularly every year, so there must be a public building called "ancestral hall" in the enclosed house. Paternalistic management system is implemented in the enclosure, and unified management of traffic, sanitation, drainage and disputes is carried out in the enclosure. Usually do housework by yourself, and when you worship your ancestors, you are a big family. When foreign enemies invade, the whole surrounding people are a unified fighting collective.
Houses in southern Jiangxi were built in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, but they were basically not built after the early Republic of China. The two earliest existing enclosed houses are Panshiwei in wushi village, Yangcun, Longnan (built in the late Ming Dynasty) and Yi Yan enclosed house in Yangcun (built in the fifth year of Qing Shunzhi, 1658). From the investigation and comparison of enclosed houses in a large number of years, it can be seen that the later the general year, the more perfect the defensive facilities of enclosed houses and the more unified the shape. Square houses with towers at four corners became popular in the middle of Qing Dynasty.