Some people describe the fan-shaped residual vein formed after Qinling entered Henan as a finger. If it is more vivid, it is more like a fairy's scattered fingers. When Qinling Mountain left the most steep and straight backbone in Shaanxi, it left all graceful and beautiful in Henan.
Therefore, many of the most beautiful scenery in the Nanshan District of western Henan are petals sprinkled by the Nine-Day Fairy in the Great Qinling Mountains.
After Qinling entered Henan, it spread like a huge banana fan on the land in southwest Henan. From the north to the bank of the Yellow River, there are hills, Xiong 'er Mountain, Waifangshan Mountain and Funiu Mountain in the south. There are Hongnongjian, Luohe and Laoguan rivers in the middle, which belong to the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River, and form an important part of the geographical boundary between Qinling and Huaihe River.
However, the historical, cultural and military significance of this mountainous area in western Henan has a decisive influence on the whole history of Chinese civilization. From Yangshao culture to the eternal classic Tao Te Ching, from Qin Wang sweeping Liuhe to Liu Bangxiang's entry into the customs, from the epoch-making feat of "Da Yu guiding Luo to inherit his ears" to the bitterness of Du Fu's creation of "Stone Trough" crossing the ancient Han road, no matter whether it is historical latitude and longitude or cultural kindness, we can't ignore the "slap in the face" Qinling remnant vein in western Henan.
This area is not only a barrier to the east of Guanzhong, but also a barrier to the west of Central Plains, and it also creates a geographical barrier between Guanzhong and Central Plains. To the south, it reaches Jingxiang, enters the land of Chuxiang and reaches the Yangtze River basin. In the thousand-year historical process of unification, the unique geographical position and terrain have triggered countless wars, large and small.
"Xing, people suffer. Death, people can't live ",but China's unified cultural heritage has been continuously consolidated and strengthened. The centralized national governance system has been continuously developed and matured, which has promoted the Chinese civilization to move from prosperity to greater rejuvenation.
What changes is history, but what remains unchanged is that many mountains and rivers win, and rich tourism resources are distributed among many mountains and rivers in southwest Henan. Gam San, Niangniang Mountain, Hanshan Mountain, Western Henan Grand Canyon and many other alpine canyons; Xiongershan-Tanghe Hot Spring Scenic Area, Quanbaoshan, Shenling Village and other scenic spots within the Xiongershan system.
The Funiu Mountain system is the richest tourist resource, with panoramic views of Laojie Mountain, Laojun Mountain, Jiguan Cave, Longyuwan, Chongdugou, Baotianman, Muzhaling, Baiyun Mountain and Yaoshan. It can be said that it is the most concentrated area in Henan.
1 The Song-Han Ancient Road is the most important passage between Chang 'an and Luoyang.
Xiaoshan is the northernmost branch of Qinling Mountains entering Henan, bordering the Yellow River in the north and facing Xionger across Luohe in the south, showing a southwest-northeast trend. If the mountainous area in southwest Henan is compared to a slap, then the mountain is a thumbs-up sign.
Xiaoshan now mainly includes Lingbao in Sanmenxia, Shanzhou District (formerly Shanxian County), Mianchi, Yima and other cities and counties. Xin 'an and Luoning counties in the southeast of Luoyang. Due to the folds and fractures in geological age, there are many canyon fragments in Xiaoshan, and its valley has been the traffic artery and official road between Chang 'an and Luoyang since ancient times. Therefore, it has become a battleground for military strategists and wars are frequent. Because of this, the Hangu Pass built on this passage has become one of the most famous historical male passes in the history of China. The famous saying, "One man defends it, but ten thousand people can't force it" is about Hangu Pass on the ancient Hangu Road.
2. Hanguguan and Tao Te Ching.
Hanguguan is located in the west section of Xiaoshan, lingbao city, Sanmenxia City. It borders the Qinling Mountains in the west and the Yellow River in the north, just like a box of letters, so it is vividly called "Hanguguan". Because it was built in the Qin Dynasty, it is sometimes called "Ancient View of Qin and Han Dynasties".
In the Han Dynasty, local officials moved the Hangu Pass of the Qin Dynasty to the east by more than 100 kilometers to satisfy their status as customs officers, and re-established Hangu Pass in Xin 'an County, which was later called "Hangu Pass". However, due to the lack of military significance and no use value, it was gradually abandoned, and now only ruins remain.
In the story of the struggle between Chu and Han, the first one to enter the customs is the king, and the agreed "customs" is Hangu Pass. One pass determines the best in the world, and who can be king in Guanzhong can be seen that the pass is easy to defend but difficult to attack, and its strategic position is extremely important.
The most important event that laid the foundation of Chinese civilization in Guanguguan was to write a 5,000-word world-class article "Tao Te Ching" here, which endowed this military fortress with profound cultural elements.
Hanguguan Scenic Area is a 4A-level scenic spot. The glittering Laozi overlooks the tourists coming and going from all over the world, the majestic Guanlou, the narrow ancient road, the rusty Warring States arrow library, and many mysterious attractions such as the legendary Jiming Tower, the observation tower and the beacon tower.
Taichu Palace is the Taichu Palace where Laozi lives and writes books. So what is Laozi's desk like?
That is a magical stone. A square stone, divided into nine layers by the timeline. I wrote five thousand words of Tao Te Ching on this stone. Now tourists must touch it when they go. It is said that lovers meet forever, young people meet for success, and old people meet for health and longevity.
Because it is the only road between Chang 'an and Luoyang, there have been many royal relatives, dignitaries, literati and scholars for thousands of years, and there are also people from all walks of life, warriors and even rebels from Ma Xiaoxiao. And the vast majority should still be ordinary people. In addition to the unknown ordinary people, celebrity Fu can only be regarded as an official and a citizen.
Du Fu ran on the ancient road in Song Xin, not only to find a part-time job, but also to make a living, even to avoid the "Anshi Rebellion". Spending the night in Shihao Village surprised me for several nights. Based on my personal experience, I wrote the poem "Officials in Shi Hao".
As a tourist, the Song-Han Ancient Road is not a complete scenic spot, but its cultural heritage is of world significance. An ancient road site hundreds of meters long was discovered in Shihao Village, Shi Xia Township, Shanzhou District (formerly Shanxian County). After textual research, it is the remains of the ancient road between the Song and Han Dynasties in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and the deep rut marks are clear and complete, which just confirms the authenticity of Du Fu's Stone Trough.
As a part of the Silk Road, 20 14 was selected into the World Cultural Heritage List, which is the only road heritage in the whole Silk Road World Heritage. 20 19 was announced by the state as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
As a scenic spot, the site of Shi Hao section of Song-Han Ancient Road is under development and construction. Aside from its commercial interests, as a tourist, if you travel in Sanmenxia area, you might as well cross the road that Du Fu walked in the past and taste the lost Song Yu in tang style.
1, the magical hot springs and the naked bath culture of "harmony between man and nature" enjoy the Central Plains exclusively.
The tourism value of Songhan Ancient Road lies in that it records the ups and downs with a heavy history, and the adjacent Xiong 'er Mountain is more to conquer tourists and benefit the local people with its strange mountains and strange waters.
The direction of Xiong 'er Mountain is almost parallel to the hill, separated by the Luohe River. The length and area are relatively smaller than those of hills and Funiu Mountain, but Xiong 'er Mountain is just an important section of the geographical and climatic boundary between Qinling Mountain and Huaihe River in China.
Therefore, different climate, vegetation and geological structures have formed in the north and south of Xiong 'er Mountain. , corresponding to the strange mountains and rivers all over the country. Tanghe Hot Spring is especially praised by tourists.
Tanghe Hot Spring is located in Tanghe Township, Lushi County, south of the main peak of Xiong 'er Mountain. Laohu River, a tributary of Hanshui River, flows slowly here, and a hot spring water with a height of more than 50 degrees spews out from the crevices at the foot of the mountain and flows directly into Laohu River. People nearby chisel stones, pile sand into the pool and enjoy the gift of hot spring water. Over time, folk customs have formed, and naked bathing in the wild has become a custom.
It is impossible to verify when its naked bath began. According to the Guangxu edition of Lushi County Records, the custom of naked bathing has been 100 years. Tanghe River is known as the only hot spring town in the Central Plains.
Tanghe Hot Spring is unique not only because of its mild temperature and natural gushing, but also because it is rich in dozens of trace elements. After bathing, the skin is as creamy and greasy, and the hair is darker and smoother. If you continue to take a bath, you can treat rheumatism, arthritis, skin diseases, gout and other common diseases.
2. It is not only a beautiful legend, but also a written legacy of ancient Dayu's calligraphy.
Dayu's "Bear Ears Guide Luo" comes from "Shangshu"? Yu Gong. There are different views on this book in academic circles, but there is indeed a "miracle" left at the foot of Xiong 'er Mountain.
The Luohe River originates from the southern foot of Qinling Mountains, flows through the northern foot of Xiong 'er Mountain and enters Lushi Basin. On the western edge of the basin, Gulu people suffered from floods because of the barrier of mountains. When Dayu was in charge of water control, he dug and dredged Luoshui at the position of Shanhekou in Fanli Town of Lushi to eliminate hidden dangers. After his success, he wrote the ancient word "pheasant" in calligraphy on the cliff on the north bank of Luoshui.
It is said that this is the only handwriting of Dayu in China. But when Guxian Reservoir was built, it belonged to submerged area. In order to preserve and protect the historic site, it was moved to the north side of Shanhekou Bridge in Fanli Town and commemorated with stones.
Shanhekou Bridge is a single-span box arch bridge with a clear span of118m. For example, a Changhong River spans the banks of Luoshui River, and canyons, Pinghu and Gong Fei have become a major local scenic spot.
There are many immortals in Xiong 'er Mountain, even immortals can fight.
Xiong 'er Mountain, as a mountain name, is named after "looking at a bear's ear". There are many places in China. As the remaining vein of Qinling Mountains, the main peak named directly after Xiong 'er Mountain is located in Lushi County and has been a famous Taoist mountain since ancient times. Unique geographical location and geological structure have formed different landscapes in the north and south, with gentle south slope and numerous exotic flowers and grasses; The north slope is steep, and there are many strange peaks, rocks and caves. Scenic spots include Dagushan, Xiaogushan, Tiantong Cave and Shenxian Bridge. The stone house people who lived in the Taoist priest went to the vacant room, which triggered the tourists' thoughts of seeking seclusion.
According to the altitude, the main peaks of Xiong 'er Mountain are Quanbaoshan in Luoning and Xiang Jun in Lushi. The two peaks are connected and face each other from a distance. There is a magical legend circulating in the local area.
Although Quanbaoshan and Xiang Jun are neighbors, they are not harmonious. Everyone wants to be taller than each other and meet each other to increase competition, but only during the day, not at night. In the game, Xiang Junshan fouled and secretly grew long at night, which was discovered by Quanbaoshan. He held out his hand and patted Xiang Junshan. Xiangjun Mountain flashed, his head twisted to one side, and he could never return to his original place, thus forming the present crooked mouth mountain.
Now, except Xiong 'er Mountain in Lushi has been developed as a scenic spot for free play, Xiang Jun Mountain has not been developed, and the whole Baoshan is under development, which is suitable for tourists who travel in road trip or the wild to climb and play for free. It still maintains the original strange mountains and strange waters, as well as temples of different sizes and various mysterious legends.
1 and Funiu Mountain, which is 800 Li, is the most majestic. In terms of area, length and width, it is the largest mountain range in East Qinling.
It starts from Lushi County in Sanmenxia in the west, extends to the northwest-southeast direction, reaches Luanchuan and Dalushan in Song County in the east, and reaches Nanzhao through Xixia and Neixiang in the south. It is more than 400 kilometers long from east to west, so it is called 800 Li Funiu Mountain.
Funiu Mountain is the watershed of the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River. The climate in the north and south of the mountain is different, the vegetation is rich and diverse, and the geological structure is complex. Its tourism resources are relatively complete, including mountain scenic spots such as Laojun Mountain, Baiyun Mountain and Muzhaling, as well as leisure resorts such as Chongdugou and Longyuwan, with rich forests and water bodies. Cave-shaped Jiguan Cave Scenic Area is the king of cave scenic areas.
2. Funiu Mountain area is the gathering place of 5A scenic spots.
There are many scenic spots in Funiu Mountain, all of which are fine scenic spots. In Funiu Mountain area, only Laojun Mountain and Jiguandong Scenic Spot in Luanchuan County, Baiyun Mountain Scenic Spot in Songxian County, Yaoshan Mountain Scenic Spot in Lushan Mountain and Laojie Mountain Scenic Spot in Xixia County are the highest-level scenic spots in China. Neixiang county Baotianman Nature Reserve was named "World Man and Nature Conservation Circle" by UNESCO.
3. Funiu Mountain World Geopark.
By April 20 19, there were 140 world geoparks named by UNESCO in the world, and Funiu Mountain was included in the third batch of world geoparks in 2006, becoming a world geopark on par with Huangshan Mountain, Taishan Mountain, Songshan Mountain, Huashan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Zhong Nanshan.
Funiu Mountain Geopark is very rare for its wide range, complete variety, high scientific research value and long geological age. It covers the dinosaur ruins park in Funiu Mountain, Laojie Mountain in Xixia, Longtangou Scenic Area, Baotianman in Neixiang, Qixingtan, Yunlu Mountain Scenic Area, Wuduo Mountain in Zhenping and Zhenwuding Mountain Scenic Area.
1. Highway traffic can fully meet the travel route demand.
Due to the mountain barrier, except Guhan Road, which used to be an official road in ancient times, the core areas around Lushi, Luanchuan and Xixia in the southwest of Henan Province have been in a state of paradise with traffic barriers and almost isolation.
In recent years, with the continuous development and construction of highway traffic and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy, this shortcoming has been gradually filled. It has played a great role in promoting road trip in the Qinling Mountains in southwest Henan.
The expressways that have been built mainly include Zheng-Lu Expressway, Hubei Expressway, Luo-Luan Expressway, Yao Zheng Expressway and Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway, etc., and the remaining Qinling Mountains have been completely integrated into the high-speed traffic network in southwest Henan.
2. The main high-speed lines in Nanshan District of western Henan Province are on the road.
(1) Lianhuo Expressway runs through Luoyang and Xi 'an from east to west, in the same direction as the Song-Han ancient road. You can visit the site of Qin and Han Ancient Pass in Xin 'an County, Shi Hao section of Song and Han Ancient Road in Shanzhou District, and Qin and Han Ancient Pass Scenic Spot in lingbao city.
(2) Zheng-Lu Expressway runs from Luoyang to Lushi via Yiyang and Luoning, which is an important passage to Xiong 'er Mountain and Funiu Mountain. From Chang 'an in the west, Jingxiang in Nantong, and Hubei Expressway, you can visit the Western Henan Grand Canyon, Western Henan Herbal Garden, Xiong 'er Mountain-Tanghe Hot Spring Resort and other scenic spots.
(3) Hubei Expressway runs through western Henan from north to south, passing through Lingbao, Lushi and Xixia, and reaching Shiyan directly. At the intersection of Xixia and Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway, you can go directly to Qin Hangu Pass, Western Henan Grand Canyon, Xiong 'er Mountain and Tanghe Hot Spring, then turn to Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway, enter the core tourist area of Funiu Mountain, and visit Baotianman, dinosaur ruins park and other attractions.
(4) Lu 'an Expressway and Zheng 'an Expressway, which are under construction, will become the east-west passages in and out of southwest Henan, and these two expressways are under orderly construction. After it is completed and opened to traffic, it starts from Lushi in the west and passes through Luanchuan, which can directly reach Lushan in Pingdingshan. This route has the most concentrated and wonderful tourist attractions. Luanchuan has Laojun Mountain, Jiguan Cave and Longyuwan Scenic Area, Songxian has Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area, and Lushan has Yaoshan-Zhongyuan Giant Buddha Scenic Area.
(5) In the road trip of mountainous expressways, major safety and speed restrictions are needed. Generally, the speed limit of expressways in mountainous areas is 80 kilometers. In addition to taking photos for speed measurement, there are many sections where interval speed measurement is implemented. Attention should be paid to the relevant speed limit and speed sign of expressway.
3. The choice of ordinary roads in road trip.
Compared with expressways, ordinary highways in Nanshan District of western Henan Province are much denser. In addition to the main national highways, there are a large number of provincial highways, county highways and rural highways, which basically realize the cement pavement for every village, and some towns and villages even realize household access, which is very beneficial for road trip enthusiasts to go.
There is National Highway 209 in the north-south direction, parallel to Hubei Expressway, passing Lingbao, Lushi and Xixia from north to south. Provincial Highway 323 is parallel to Zhengzhou-Lujiang Expressway. There are 344 national highways and 322 provincial highways leading eastward to Luanchuan and Songxian. National Highway 208 and National Highway 3 1 1 connect Luanchuan and Lushan.
4. The whole Qinling Mountains in southwest Henan can form a road trip loop.
From Lianhuo Expressway (Lu Zheng Expressway), it enters the west of Henan from the east, and goes south to Lushi along Hubei Expressway. Then go southeast to Luanchuan and Songxian. Or go south to Xixia and then turn to the northeast, and enter Luanchuan, Songxian and Lushan, forming a go on road trip loop, which can cover almost all the rich tourist attractions formed in the Qinling Mountains in the southwest of Henan Province.