According to legend, he has 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their re-disciples recorded the words and deeds, quotations and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled the Confucian classic The Analects.
In ancient times, Confucius was regarded as a "saint of heaven" and a "muduo of heaven". He was one of the most knowledgeable scholars in the society at that time, and was honored by the rulers of later generations as the saint, the most holy and the most holy teacher of Confucius, the master of Wang Xuan and the teacher of all ages. His Confucianism has a far-reaching influence on China and the world, and Confucius is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World".
Confucius is revered as the ancestor of Confucianism. With the expansion of Confucius' influence, Confucius' sacrifice once became a "great sacrifice" at the same level as the ancestor of God and country. This honor is only Confucius besides Laozi.
Catalogue of Analects of Confucius
The title of The Analects of Confucius is usually the first two words; If the first two words are "Zi Yue", skip the first two words in the sentence; If the first three words are one word, take them. There is no logical relationship between the title and the chapter inside, it can only be regarded as a page number.
Learning first (mainly around the principle of "service-oriented" to guide beginners into the "moral door")
Being second (mainly about the principles and methods of governing the country)
The third of the eight uncles (mainly recording Confucius' talk about rites and music)
Benevolence is the fourth (mainly about benevolence)
Gongye Chang fifth (mainly about evaluating ancient and modern figures and their gains and losses)
Always be six (recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples)
The seventh part (mainly recording Confucius' appearance, words and deeds)
Tiber VIII (mainly talking about Confucius and Ceng Zi's remarks and their comments on the ancients)
Zi Han is the ninth (mainly remembering Confucius' remarks, focusing on Confucius' style of doing things, what to advocate and what not to advocate)
The tenth rural party (mainly recording Confucius' etiquette, food, clothing, housing and transportation and living habits)
Advanced eleven (mainly recording Confucius' educational remarks and comments on his disciples)
Yan Yuanshi (mainly talking about how Confucius educated his disciples to practice benevolence and righteousness, and how to be a man for politics and society)
Luz 13 (mainly recording Confucius' theory of harmonious governance)
Question 14 of the Constitution (mainly recording Confucius and his disciples' theory of self-cultivation and their evaluation of the ancients)
Wei Linggong XV (mainly recording Confucius and his disciples' remarks about benevolent governance when they traveled around the world)
Ji XVI (mainly talking about Confucius' theory of gentleman cultivation and how to govern the country with courtesy)
Yang Huo XVII (mainly recording Confucius' exposition of benevolence, righteousness and morality, and expounding the way of governing the country through rites and music).
Weizi 18 (mainly recording the deeds of ancient sages, the words and deeds of Confucius' people traveling around the world and the world's views on troubled times during their travels)
Zhang Zi nineteen (mainly records Confucius and his disciples' comments on learning as the Tao, as well as disciples' admiration and praise for Confucius)
Yao Shuo 20 (mainly recording the remarks of ancient sages and Confucius' exposition on governing the country)
Extended data
Educational thought
Educational Thought: Confucius first proposed in the history of China that people's natural qualities are similar, and the differences in personality are mainly influenced by acquired education and social environment ("similar in sex, far from learning"). Therefore, everyone can be educated and everyone should be educated. He advocated "no education for all", founded private schools and enrolled more students, which broke the monopoly of slave owners and nobles on school education and expanded the scope of education to civilians, conforming to the trend of social development at that time.
He advocated "learning officials" and became an official after his studies. The purpose of his education is to cultivate a political gentleman, who must have high moral quality. Therefore, Confucius emphasized that moral education must be placed in the first place in school education ("Disciples are filial when they enter, filial when they leave, sincere and trustworthy, loving the people and being kind. Learn to write if you have spare capacity ").
The main contents of Confucius' moral education are "courtesy" and "benevolence". Among them, "courtesy" is the moral standard, and "benevolence" is the highest moral standard. "Rite" is the form of "benevolence" and "benevolence" is the content of "ceremony". With the spirit of "benevolence", "ceremony" can be truly enriched. In terms of moral cultivation, he put forward methods such as determination, self-denial, practice, introspection and courage to reform.
"Learning and knowing" is the dominant idea of Confucius' teaching thought. While advocating being shameless and eager to learn, he emphasized the combination of learning and thinking ("learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous"), and at the same time, he should "apply what he has learned" and apply what he has learned to social practice. He first proposed heuristic teaching. He said, "No anger, no anger, no anger."
This means that when students think seriously and reach a certain level, teachers should inspire and inspire students. He was also the earliest educator who adopted the method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude in teaching practice.
Through conversation and individual observation, he understands and is familiar with students' personality characteristics. On this basis, according to the specific situation of each student, different educational methods are adopted to cultivate talents in morality, language, politics and literature. Confucius loved education and engaged in educational activities all his life. He never tires of learning and teaching.
We should not only teach by example, but also lead by example and influence students with our own example behavior. He loves his students and they respect him very much. The relationship between teachers and students is very harmonious. He is a shining example of ancient teachers in China. Confucius' educational activities not only cultivated many students, but also put forward his educational theory on the basis of practice, which laid a theoretical foundation for China's ancient education.
References:
China Net-Confucius-Founder of China Confucian School?
Baidu encyclopedia-Analects of Confucius