When I was in school, I majored in history in the liberal arts major in high school. I dealt with emperors and generals every day. In addition, the novel "Ghost Blowing the Lamp" was particularly popular during that time, which led to me having a... My dream is to visit all the famous imperial tombs in China. In this way, I went to the Ming Tombs, the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, the Xixia Tombs, and the Maoling Mausoleum. Finally, thanks to the opportunity of a business trip in Xi'an, I went to the most beautiful tombs in the world. I want to go to Qianling.
Why I want to see the Qianling Mausoleum the most? Because first of all, it buries two emperors of the Tang Dynasty. One is Tang Gaozong Li Zhi, the founder of the Yonghui Rule of the Tang Dynasty
Another One is his wife, Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in Chinese history.
Secondly, the Qianling Mausoleum is the only mausoleum among the Eighteen Tombs of the Tang Dynasty that has not been touched. There are countless precious cultural relics inside. It is widely said that the authentic copy of "Lanting Preface" by Wang Xizhi, the world's best running script, is inside (there are also One theory is that it was in the Zhaoling Mausoleum of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty).
The third period when Li Zhi and Wu Zetian were in power was when the Tang Dynasty was at its peak. The entire mausoleum was built on Liangshan Mountain, with the mountain as the mausoleum. , the entire cemetery is large in scale and has magnificent buildings. It took 57 years to complete the construction. It was not completed until the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty after Wu Zetian's death. (If you have money, you can really do whatever you want)
Leaving aside the mausoleum under the mound, which is inaccessible anyway, the scenery of the cemetery above is well worth seeing.
There are several things in the Fourth Cemetery that are particularly interesting. They can be regarded as the highlights of Qianling Mausoleum. Let me draw some knowledge points for you one by one.
The Natural Gate of Qianling Mausoleum Que, Shuangru Mountain is very famous
In the early Tang Dynasty, people were extremely superstitious about Feng Shui. When the site of Qianling Mausoleum was selected, experts generally believed that Liangshan Feng Shui was excellent and beneficial to the heroine. Before Li Zhi died, he issued an edict to "order the Queen of Heaven to take charge of the affairs of the country." Therefore, it can be said that the Qianling Mausoleum is the physical evidence that Wu Zetian wanted to be the emperor. The entire Qianling Mausoleum is like a wonderful symbol of the queen lying on her back in the sky.
Walk along the Shinto to outside the Zhuque Gate in the inner city of Qianling. Next to Sima Dao stands a stone tablet that looks like several large stones, which is the famous Shusheng Monument.
This is the son of Wu Zetian and Tang Zhongzong Li Xian (Li Zhi and Wu Zetian). Because his parents, himself, his brother, nephew and son are all emperors, he was given the name "Liuwei Dihuang Pill" by later generations. Nickname) monument to Li Zhi.
I counted and found that the body and the base of the monument were composed of seven boulders. I was still wondering if this was because the craftsmanship at that time was limited and could only be put together one by one. It happened that a tour group arrived next to me. After reading the tour guide's explanation, I found out that there is a lot of emphasis on making the stele like this. The seven sections of the stele represent metal, wood, water, fire, earth, sun and moon, so it is also called the Qiyao stele. It means that Li Zhi's civil and martial arts illuminate the world. (This ancestor is really particular about the rules, and there are so many tricks to erecting a monument)
The text on the monument was written by Li Xian, and it mainly praises Li Zhi's civil and martial arts. Because it is too old, many words cannot be read. If you don't understand it clearly, you won't study it carefully.
I prefer to use the current term "Sixty-one Brother Statues of the Tang Dynasty" for this scenic spot.
When these sixty-one stone statues were first erected, each of them had an inscription carved on the back. Most of the names, names and official positions of the country can no longer be seen now. These stone figures were minority officials under the Tang Dynasty and princes and envoys from neighboring countries at that time. When Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty was buried, they went to attend the funeral. Wu Zetian wanted to show off the power of the Tang Dynasty. Tell the world that "these countries are all my brothers, Datang, and I, Datang, will be their eternal father" and erect their statues in front of the mausoleum.
So many people are curious about why these stone statues have no heads. Is it because these people are too ugly and do not deserve faces? But the heads of these stone statues all have obvious signs of being chopped off, so my superficial idea is simply untenable.
After I came back, I read various information, and I felt that this theory was the most reliable: a plague broke out in the local area, and it was rumored that the stone men became spirits and came out to cause trouble. The people were very superstitious at the time, so they smashed all the stone men. .
So, feudal superstition is inevitable.
One of the most interesting places to me is the wordless stele. This stele that Wu Zetian erected for herself is located opposite the Zhuque Gate in the inner city opposite Li Zhi's stele of Shusheng.
I think the design of this monument is much better than that of Li Zhi.
Next comes the knowledge point. You can see eight dragons entwining each other on the top of the monument. This dragon is called Chi (chi) dragon, a hornless dragon in ancient legends
My hobby is to climb high and low, so the dragon is all on the seal, the pillars, and the ridge of the roof
Then I came across another knowledge point from the tour guide: why Wu Zetian’s wordless stele has eight chisels on it. dragon?
Because the emperor is Yang, and Yang is an odd number, and because Wu Zetian is a woman, only eight lines can be carved.
Wu Zetian's erection of a wordless stele also pioneered the emperor's erection of a wordless stele, so it is said to be "a scorpion cake - the only one"
Why did Wu Zetian put a wordless stele on it? If the last word is not engraved, future generations will have different opinions;
One is that Wu Zetian wanted to show off his merits and virtues, and words are not enough to describe my awesomeness;
The other is that Wu Zetian knew it My sins are too deep to write an inscription for myself;
The third view is also the one I prefer, or the mainstream one accepts that Wu Zetian is a sensible person, and erecting a monument without words will let his own merits and demerits In the judgment of future generations, this was the best approach.
The fourth view is that after Wu Zetian died, she was buried with Gaozong. So did the writing on the stele write about the queen? Or write about the emperor? So it’s better not to write it at all.
But I want to ask you, which view do you prefer?
However, words have been engraved on the stone tablet now, all written by later generations.
To be honest, after visiting these tombs, I really hope to go down to the underground palace in my lifetime to see what it looks like and what kind of treasures are inside. I am full of curiosity.
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