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The compass was invented by Simon.
The compass, called Sinan in ancient times, its main component is a magnetic needle mounted on a shaft. The magnetic needle can rotate freely under the action of the natural geomagnetic field and remain in the tangent direction of the magnetic meridian. The north pole of the magnetic needle Points to the North Magnetic Pole, and this property can be used to identify directions.
Commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military. The invention of the compass that physically indicates direction has three types of components, namely the compass, the compass and the magnetic needle, all of which are Chinese inventions. According to the "Ancient Mine Records", it first appeared in the Cishan area during the Warring States Period.
The compass is the result of ancient Chinese working people’s understanding of the magnetism of magnets through long-term practice. As one of the four great inventions in ancient China, its invention played an immeasurable role in the development of human science, technology and civilization. In ancient China, the compass was first used to determine directions in sacrifices, etiquette, military affairs, divination and Feng Shui.
Extended information:
Relevant theories about the compass:
In "Lunheng", it is not pointed out that Si Nan is a magnetic spoon, and when he first realized it, When the magnet attracts iron, it is discovered that the polarity of its fingers does not conform to the laws of understanding. In addition, the magnet must be processed into a magnetic spoon that can guide the guide, and the magnet must be ground in the direction of its north and south poles. Before the invention of the compass in the 11th century, there was no description of the poles of a magnet and its polarity in ancient literature.
In the 1950s, Academician Qian Linzhao was entrusted by Guo Moruo to try to make a spoon-shaped sinan from natural magnets, but he failed because of the small magnetic pitch of natural magnets and the large friction at the bottom. Mr. Wang Zhenduo's restoration was made of tungsten steel magnetized in an artificial electromagnetic field, which was impossible to achieve more than two thousand years ago. Sinan's model is no longer on display at the Chinese History Museum in Beijing.