Seventy-two Springs - A brief explanation. People often use the name "Seventy-two Springs" to describe the abundance of springs in the ancient city of Jinan. The theory of the Seventy-Two Springs began 700 years ago. Someone in the Jin Dynasty established the "Famous Spring Stele", which listed 72 famous springs in Jinan. Since then, there has been a theory of Jinan's seventy-two springs.
Seventy-Two Springs - Jinan Overview
Jinan City is the capital of Shandong Province. It is famous for its spring city and is one of the famous cultural and historical cities in my country. Jinan is located in the west-central part of Shandong Province. It is one of the largest cities in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and a transportation hub connecting coastal cities with the mainland. Jinan, the spring city, is beautiful and unrestrained. She is like a bright pearl, embedded on the bank of the Yellow River and in the shadow of Mount Tai.
Jinan was called Luo in ancient times and later Lixia. It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Jinan has long had the reputation of "having many sweet springs, the best in the world" (Yu Qin's "Huibo Tower"). Someone once erected a "Famous Spring Monument" in the Jin Dynasty, listing 72 famous springs in Jinan. The ancients once left a good reputation of "lotus flowers on four sides and willows on three sides, one city with mountains and half a city with lakes", "springs in every house, and weeping poplars in every house (Liu E of the Qing Dynasty)".
The large number of springs in Jinan is rare among Chinese cities. Many clear and sweet springs gush out from the city and merge into rivers and lakes. During the flood season, in areas with dense springs, there is a beautiful scene of "springs in every house and poplars hanging in every house". As early as the Song Dynasty, the writer Zeng Gong commented: "Qi's many sweet springs are the best in the world." Yu Qin, a geographer of the Yuan Dynasty, also praised: "Jinan's mountains and rivers are the best in Qilu, and its springs are the best in the world." Shen Tingfang of the Qing Dynasty wrote in "Xian Qing" "Yuan Ji" says: "The old one is ninety, the new one is fifty-five", there are 145 places. The "Jinan Prefecture Chronicle" compiled during the Daoguang period said that there are "a total of 151 springs". Sheng Baier, a scholar during the Qianlong period, said in his "Tingquanzhai Ji" that it is more realistic: "Among the seas of springs under the calendar, there are seventy-two famous springs, fifty-nine famous but not famous ones, and the rest are unknown. Hundreds of them." According to a 1964 survey by the Shandong Provincial Hydrogeological Team, there were 108 natural spring pools in the urban area alone. The 1980 survey materials of the Jinan City Urban Planning and Construction Leading Group listed 119 spring pools. Between June and July 1983 and from August to October 1997, the compilers of the Municipal Garden Bureau conducted investigations based on the above records and found 139 named spring pools within the old city. As of October 1997, except for those that had been buried or buried, there were still 103 spring pools that were basically intact, of which 41 were among the 72 springs listed in the "Famous Spring Monument". In addition, there are 30 unnamed spring pools in residential courtyards. These famous and unnamed spring pools are concentrated in the old city area, which starts from Qinglong Bridge in the east, ends at Kunshi Street in the west, Zhengjuesi Street in the south, and Daming Lake in the north, covering an area of ??only 2.6 square kilometers.
Statue of Li Qingzhao
Jinan springs are not only as numerous as stars, but also each has its own style. It may be like boiling rapids, gushing and rolling; or it may be like a pouring waterfall, with lions roaring and tigers roaring; or it may be like a string of pearls, sparkling and crystal clear; or it may be like the melodious ancient harp and sonorous sound...it has attracted literati of all ages. Celebrities from the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, such as Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gong, Su Che, Zhao Mengfu, Wang Shouren, Li Panlong, Wang Shizhen, Pu Songling, etc., all left poems praising the spring. These springs may be named after their shape, color, sound, surname, legend, animals and plants, musical instruments, treasures, or without a name, each with its own interest.
Jinan spring water is also famous for its pure quality and sweet taste. The spring water comes from deep in the rock formations and is slightly affected by the temperature. The water temperature is relatively stable and remains at 17 to 18 degrees Celsius all year round. It is colorless and odorless, clear and sweet, and is a high-quality drink. Jinan's "Pliss" mineral water, developed in the 1990s, is drawn directly from the ground. Identified by the national geological and mineral department, the mineralization degree is 650 and contains a variety of trace elements beneficial to the human body. Each liter contains: 0.12 mg of lithium (Li), 0.99 mg of strontium (Sr), 0.13 mg of zinc (Zn), and magnesium. (Mg) 35.55 mg, bromine (Br) 0.5 mg, calcium (Ca) 62.68 mg, metasilicate (H2SiO3) 76 mg.
Edit this paragraph and return to the table of contents Seventy-two Springs - Overview of Famous Spring People often use Seventy-two Springs to describe the abundance of springs in the ancient city of Jinan. The theory of the Seventy-Two Springs began 700 years ago. Someone in the Jin Dynasty established the "Famous Spring Stele", which listed 72 famous springs in Jinan. Since then, there has been a theory of Jinan's seventy-two springs.
Yu Qin compiled "Qi Cheng" in the Yuan Dynasty, in which the names and locations of the 72 springs were transcribed. According to the text, there are several famous springs in the history: called money, Bao Tudong.
It's called Huanghua, it's called Catkin, it's called Wo Niu, it's east of the golden thread. It is called Donggao, Shuyu, and Jinxian is south. It is called Wuyou and Shiwan, south of Baotu. It is called Jiuquan, Zhanlu, Wuyouxi. It is called Manjing, it is said to cook chaff in the north, and it is said to be in the north of Baotu. It's called Pearl in the North, in front of Baiyun Tower. It is called Sanshui, and it is called Xiting. It is located in the north and east of Zhenzhu. It is called Zhuoying, north of Pearl and west. It is called Huiquan, northwest of Zhuoying. It is said to be Zhiyu, southeast of Huiquan. It is called cinnabar, west of the gray spring. The Gray Spring is the largest in Fucheng. It is the source of Daming Lake. It is called Liu family, northwest of North Pearl. It is called Yunlou, south of Liu's family. It's called Dengzhou, it's called Wangshui, it's in Wanzhu Garden. It is called Xibo, northeast of Dengzhou. It's called Qianjing, it's called Mapao, it's southwest of Xibo. On the day of Shun Spring, under the Shun Temple. It is called Xiangquan, west of Shunquan. It is called Jianquan, south of Shunquan. It is called Dukang, Nanshun Temple. It's called Golden Tiger, it's called Black Tiger, Li Chengwu Lane. It is said that Mi Zhi is in the east and Jinhu is in the southwest. It is said that the west is honey fat and the east is honey fat and the west is honey. It's called Xiaogan, inside Xiaoganfang. It is called Yuhuan, in front of Tongzhi Lane, now in the county government office. She is called Luo Gu, located in the east of Diaozhu Lane. It is called Mixed Sand and Ash Pond, located under the field in the southwest corner of the city. Yue Nan Pearl, east of Tiefo Lane. It's called Furong, in front of Jiangjia Pavilion. It is called Dishui, also known as Qingquan, located in the north of Xiwu. It is called Huiwan and Xuanqing, west of the city and east of Wulongtang. It is called Shuangtao, located in the west of the city and on the north of Dingzi Street. It is called Hot Spring, located under the stone bridge in the west of the city and in the north. It's called Ruquan, inside Shentong Temple. It is called Longmen, also known as Longquan, east of Shentong Temple. It is called Ranchi, east of Longmen. It is called Xuanquan, east of the middle palace. It is called Duquan, southeast of the Zhonggong Palace. It is called Liuquan and Chequan, and it is located in Yuandongzhuang in the east of the middle palace. It is said to be boiled grains, located four miles south of the mountain. It is called Luquan, at the foot of Nanshan Mountain. It's called White Tiger, it's called Manna, it's the Great Buddha Mountain. It is called Linji, inside the Buddha Valley. It is called Baiquan, north of Wangshedian. It's called Jinsha, it's called Bailong, it's in Longdong Mountain. It is called Huaquan and Zhangmapo. It is called Dugu, Lingyan Temple. It is called Liquan, located in the north of Huangtang Ridge. It's called Jiangshui, southeast of Panlong Town. It is said that the bran is cooked in the south, and the mountain nest is in the north. It is called Chicory, east of Liubu. It's called Flatiron, Liyumen Village. It is called Luquan, Shiguzhai. It is called Longju, west of the Great Wall Ridge. Combined with Baotu and Baimai, the total is seventy-two.
In the Ming Dynasty, Yan Bi, a poet and governor of Shandong Province, wrote the "Poetry of Seventy-two Springs in Jinan", chanting each of the 72 springs. There are 13 springs in the poem whose names are different from those in the "Famous Spring Monument", including Zhugong Spring, Baigong Spring, Shuangnu Spring, Beishu Yuquan, South Ganlu Spring, Heilong Spring, Lupao Spring, Hutao Spring, Baihua Spring, Mingshui Spring, Yuchi Spring, Xuanzhu Spring and Taoist Spring. In the "Famous Spring Stele", 13 famous springs including Zhusha, Yunlou, Jianquan, Jinhu, Huiwan, Ruquan, Zhuzao, Luquan, Baihu, Linji, Huaquan, Luquan and Baimai are not recorded. . The six springs of Shuyu, Xiting, Zhiyu, Dishui, Xuanqing, and Chicory in the "Famous Spring Stele" were also changed to Nanshuyu Spring, Wang's Xiting Spring, Zhiyuchi Spring, Qingshui Spring, Xianqing Spring, and Lettuce Springs. In addition, the Dugu Spring and Liquan Spring in the "Famous Spring Stele" were also changed from Changqing Lingyan and Zhangqiu Huangtangling to Licheng Tianmaling and Kangwangshan Liquan Temple (also known as Sihe Temple).
In the Qing Dynasty, Hao Zhigong, a scholar who served as an examiner in Jinan, wrote 72 famous springs in "Jinan Seventy-Two Springs". The article also recorded Xiangquan, Cold Spring, Rouge Spring, Dangdao Spring, Bodhisattva Spring, Shuangzhong Spring, Dougu Spring, Tengzhi Spring, Hu Spring, Cao Spring, Nanpolo Spring, Qiangan Spring, Shicha Spring, Qin Spring, Pipa Spring, Yin Spring, Xizhang Spring , Mapi Spring, Tianjing Spring, Shuilian Spring, Yongteng Spring, Tuanyuan Spring, Summer Resort Spring, Bingbing Spring, (Three Points Water plus Chu) Spring, a total of 25 famous springs. The 36 springs in "Famous Spring Stele" and "Jinan Seventy Spring Poems" are not recorded. To sum up, there are only 3 records of the 72 famous springs in history, and there are as many as 110 famous springs listed.
The actual number of springs in Jinan is much more than these. The seventy-two springs in Jinan in the past, like "seventy-two lines" and "seventy-two changes", generally refer to large numbers.
Through the vicissitudes of time, the names, locations and place names of the seventy-two springs transcribed in the chronicles have changed many times. After tracing and investigating, we found that there were 60 famous springs listed in the "Famous Spring Stele" of the Jin Dynasty. Currently, there are 60 springs that are still in existence or whose locations can be identified even though they have been filled up. Their distribution is: Baotu, Jinxian, Huanghua, Woniu, Shuyu, Catkins, Mapao, Qianjing, Xibo, Mixed Sand, Wuyou, Manjing, Shiwan and Zhanlu in Tuquan Park , Jiuquan, Donggao, Wangshui, Dengzhou, Beizhuann (Dukang); Black Tiger, Golden Tiger, and South Pearl in Huancheng Park; Gray Bay, (ancient) Hot Spring, Dongmizhi, and Xuan ( Xian) Qing; North Pearl, Sanshui and Xiting in Pearl Spring Hotel. Huichi Spring in the south of Kunshun Bridge, Zhuoying, Huiquan and Zhiyu Spring on Wangfuchizi Street, Furong Spring at No. 69 Furong Street, Yuhuan Spring on Shengfuqian Street, Shunquan (well) on Shunjing Street, Xigeng Road No. 4 Yunlou Spring, No. 22 Xiaogan Spring, Baotu Spring North Road, No. 45 Qingtuan Road, Ximizhi Spring, and the (ancient) Jianquan at the south end of Nanmen Street (changed to an artificial spring).
Dishui Spring, Ganggou Town, Licheng District, Chicory Spring, Duquan, Tilting Spring, Longju Spring, Liubu Town, Luquan, Shiliulihe Town, Liuquan, Chequan, Jinxiuchuan Township, Baiquan, Huaquan, Wangsheren Town. Baimai Spring in Mingshui Town, Zhangqiu City, and Li Spring in the north of Huangtangling, Changbai Mountain. Lingyan Temple Solitary Spring in Changqing County (now known as Kasaya Spring). Jiangshui Spring in Yaojia Town, Lixia District. Kaiyuan Temple Manna Spring (some say Manna Spring of Great Buddha Temple). Longdong Scenic Area Jinsha Spring, Bailong Spring and Linji Spring.
The landfills whose locations can still be confirmed and are expected to be restored include the Cinnabar Spring on the west side of Wangfudi, the Liushi Spring on the south side of Qushui Pavilion, and the (ancient) Dukang Spring on the west side of Shun Garden. The Xiangquan, Shuangtao Spring and Luogu Spring in the "Famous Spring Stele" of the Jin Dynasty were all buried under the building. Xuanquan, Ranchi Spring and Longmen Spring merge into the reservoir. Baihu Spring remains to be further investigated. Ruquan, Zhuzao, Luquan and Nanzhuanquan have been visited many times, but no trace has been found.
The Lupao Spring in the "Poem of Seventy-Two Springs in Jinan" of the Ming Dynasty is located in Lubaoquan Village, Liubu Town, Licheng District, and the Baihua Spring is located in Baihuaquan Village, Shiliulihe Town.
In the Qing Dynasty's "Jinan Seventy-Two Springs", Tianjing Spring is in Wulongtan Park, Pipa Spring is in Huancheng Park, (Three Points of Water Adds Chu) Spring is in the courtyard of Pearl Spring Hotel, and Teng Spring is in the courtyard of Pearl Spring Hotel. Jiaoquan is located next to the North Street of Wangfu Chizi Street. Dougu Spring (now called Doumu Spring) is located in Doumu Spring Village, Shiliulihe Town, Licheng District. Qiangxiang, Shicha, Qinquan, Xizhang, Shuilian, Bingbing, and summer resort springs are all located in Liubu Town, Licheng District.
That is to say, of the 110 springs that have been listed as 72 famous springs in history, about 70 have been found so far. Famous springs everywhere have gone through thousands of years of history and have survived to this day, displaying the unique style of Quancheng and embodying the wishes and achievements of the people of Quancheng from generation to generation to love springs, protect springs and cherish historical heritage. They will effectively inspire contemporary people to enhance the "Quancheng" Consciousness, build Quancheng into a better place.
Baimai Spring and Jade Spring
Golden Thread Spring and Wuyou Spring
Jiu Nu Spring and Crescent Moon Spring
Edit this paragraph and return to Table of Contents 7 Twelve Springs - General Record of Spring Names There are hundreds of springs in Jinan City, and it is said that there are seventy-two famous springs. In fact, the records of various families in the past dynasties are not the same. There are more than 72 springs in Jinan, and there are more than 100 large and small spring pools in the urban area alone. The four major spring groups of Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Pearl Spring and Wulongtan are the main components of Jinan's 72 springs, and the others are "secluded" in other places within Jinan's jurisdiction. The theory of the seventy-two springs originated from the "Famous Spring Stele" of the Jin Dynasty contained in the book "Qi Cheng". The so-called Jinxian, Huanghua, Catkin, Woniu, Donggao, Shuyu, Wuyou, Shiwan, Jiuquan, Zhanlu, Manjing, Beizhuannan, Sanshui, Xiting, Zhuoying, Huiquan, Zhiyu, Zhusha, Liushi, Yunqi, Dengzhou, Wangshui, Xibo, Qianjing, Mapao, Shunjing , Pearl, Xiangquan, Jianquan, Dukang, Golden Tiger, Black Tiger, Dongmizhi, Ximizhi, Xiaogan, Yuhuan, Luogu, Mixed Sand, Huichi, South Pearl, Furong, Dishui, Huiwan, Xuanqing , Shuangtao, Hot Spring, Ruquan, Longmen, Ranchi, Xuanquan, Duquan, Liuquan, Plankton, Zhuhuan, Luquan, Baihu, Manna, Linji, Baiquan, Jinsha, Bailong, Huaquan, Dugu, Liquan, Jiangshui, Nanzhu bran, chicory, iron, Luquan, Longju, Hezhangqiu Baimai, a total of seventy-two.
In the Ming Dynasty, Yan Bi, a poet from Shandong Province, chanted a poem for each of the 72 springs in Jinan. 13 of them were different from the names of the springs listed in the "Famous Spring Stele", and he added " The Dugu Spring in Lingyan Temple and the Liquan in Hongtangling were moved to Tianmaling and Kangwang Mountain in Licheng County. The Qing Dynasty scholar Hao Zhigong wrote "Jinan Seventy-Two Springs", in which there are 27 more springs whose names are different from the "Famous Spring Stele". The Ming Dynasty's "Seventy-two Springs" added 13 springs, only 3 springs were recorded, and new springs were added. 24 famous springs were named and 1 name was changed.
The newly rated "Seventy-two Famous Springs" include not only Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring and other famous springs in history, but also Pipa Spring, Agate Spring and Jiunu Spring. Among the newly added famous springs, historical famous springs such as Jiuquan, Xiangquan, and Golden Tiger Spring were removed from the list due to their disappearance. The "Top Ten Spring Groups" are Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Wulongtan, Baiquan, Yongquan, Yuhe Spring, Baimai Spring, Kasaya Spring and Hongfanchi Spring Group. "Seventy-two famous springs" are scattered like pearls among these "ten major springs".
Edit this paragraph Return to the directory Seventy-Two Springs - Related Records Jinan spring water has a long history. "Spring and Autumn Period: The Eighteenth Year of Duke Huan" contains the record of "Gonggong Qihou Yu Lu", which records the meeting of Duke Huan of Lu and Duke Xianggong of Qi at the Luo River in 694 BC. The source of Luoshui is today's Baotu Spring. Li Daoyuan, a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty, described in "Shui Jing Zhu·Volume 8·Jishui 2": "The Luo River comes out of the southwest of the old city of Li (Cheng) County. The spring rises up and the water surges like a wheel.
"In the Jin Dynasty, someone set up a "Famous Spring Stele" and listed the seventy-two famous springs in Jinan. Since then, there has been a saying of "Seventy-two Springs" in Jinan. In the Yuan Dynasty, the writer Yuan Haowen wrote in "Jinan Travels" It is said that "there are two famous springs in Jinan". Yu Qin recorded the names and locations of the seventy-two springs in his book "Qi Cheng". In the early Ming Dynasty, the poet Yan Bi wrote "Poem of Seventy-two Springs in Jinan". ", chanted Jinan's famous springs one by one. By the Qing Dynasty, there were countless poems and songs describing the springs.
Baotu Spring
There are seventy-two poems about Jinan in history. There are three records of Mingquan: (1) The Jin Dynasty's "Mingquan Stele" quoted in "Qi Cheng" by Yu Qin from the Yuan Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty; (2) Yan Bi's work was recorded in Liu Chi's "Li Cheng" during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty. "Jinan Seventy-Two Springs" written in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty; (3) "Jinan's Seventy-Two Springs" written by Hao Zhigong in the 13th year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1874) recorded in the "Continuation of Licheng County Chronicles" in the early years of the Republic of China The seventy-two springs recorded in the three places are not the same.
People often use the name seventy-two springs to describe the number of springs in the ancient city of Jinan. Someone in the Yuan Dynasty established the "Famous Spring Stele", which listed 72 famous springs in Jinan. After that, the "Qi Cheng" compiled by Yu Qin in the Yuan Dynasty transcribed the names and locations of the 72 springs. Come down. According to the records, the famous springs are: Huanghua, Liuxian, Woniu, Donggao, Shuyu, Wuyou. It is called Shiwan, in the south of Baotu. It is called Jiuquan, and it is called Zhanlu, and it is called Wuyouxi. It is called Zhuoying, to the west of North Pearl. It is called Huiquan, and it is northwest of Zhuoying. It is called Zhiyu, and it is called Zhusha. It is west of Huiquan. Mu is the source of Daming Lake. It is called Liushi, and it is called Yunlou in the north, and it is called Wangshui in the south of Liushi. It is called Xibo, and it is called Qianjing in the northeast of Dengzhou. It is called Mapao, southwest of Xibo. It is called Xiangquan. It is called Jianquan. It is called Nanshun Temple. It is called Black Tiger. Dongmizhi is in the southwest of Jinhu. It is called Ximizhi, and it is called Xiaoganfang. It is in front of Tongzhi Lane and is called Luogu. It is called Hui Po, at the southwestern corner of the city. It is called Nanzhu, east of Tiefo Lane. It is called Dishui, also known as Qingquan. It is called Huiwan in the west and east of Wulongtang. It is called Shuangtao, on the north side of Dingzi Street in the west of the city. It is called Ruquan, inside Shentong Temple. It is called Ranchi and east of Longmen. It is called Duquan, southeast of Zhonggong, called Chequan, east of Zhonggong, called Zhuzai, south of Sili Mountain, called Baihu, called Ganlu, and called Linji. , inside Foyu. It is called Baiquan, in the north of Wangshedian. It is called Bailong, in Longdong Mountain. It is called Dugu, in the north of Lingyan Temple. To the southeast of Longzhen is called Zhuhuan in the south, to the north of Geshanwo is to the east of Liubu. It's called Flatiron, Liyumen Village. It is called Luquan, Shiguzhai. It is called Longju, west of the Great Wall Ridge. Hebaotu and Baimaiquan, totaling seventy-two. --Volume 2 of "Qi Cheng" Daming Lake, Qianlong engraving of the Qing Dynasty
(Note: Yu Qin (1284~1333), named Sirong, was born in Yidu, Shandong. A geographer and part-time worker in the Yuan Dynasty Poetry and essays, he was "famous for his elegance at that time". From the time of Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty (Kublai Khan) to the Yuan Dynasty, he served as Secretary Zhaomo of the Provincial Government of Shandong Province, and in his later years he was appointed as the chief officer of Yidu Tianfu. "Qi Cheng", etc.)
Edit this paragraph and return to the directory Seventy-Two Springs - Jinan Seventy-Two Spring Poetry Baotu Spring
The river is full of water in front of Kema Cliff, and the spring bursts out in the middle of the river. The stamens are round. The Seventy Spring in Jinan flows with milk, and Baotu is called the first spring.
Golden Thread Spring
The floating green shadows in the water shake gold, turning the Milky Way hundreds of feet deep. There are thirty-six golden fish in it, floating on the rippling blue waves.
Du Kangquan
Under the Shun Temple of Ganquan Branch, Du Jun has been said here for thousands of years. It's not that Chonghua is often addicted to alcohol, so he chatted with Nanxun for a while.
Zhu Gongquan
Taogong has sailed across the five lakes, and there is still a name for this spring. The camp is surrounded by cypress windows and the wind lasts forever. There is a unique mountain and river in Jinan.
Baigong Spring
Baigong dredged the canal that day, which could irrigate more than ten hectares of Akita. For thousands of years, the people of Qi have benefited from the favorable geographical conditions, and they have been able to live in beautiful rural areas with crops and millet.
Shun Spring
There is a clear spring in the towering Shun Temple in the south of Licheng City with a very sweet taste. When it flows out of Yingxiang Immortal Pavilion, it is full of waves.
Zhuoying Spring
The flowing spring in the stone can be used to wash the tassel, and it was created by nature without an axe. Once the doubts are cleared, the river of the Milky Way is moved, and one should sigh that the waves in the Cang Dynasty got their name.
Ganlu Spring
Pangu has a long clear spring, but it tastes sweet but feels like drinking heavenly jelly. Why bother to divide the immortal palm? Drop by drop of it, it will be cool to the bones.
Dugu Spring
The water in the north of Tianma Mountain is full of canals, and the surname Dugu is popular in the mountains and rivers. The medicinal hills are verdant with purple emeralds, and the clear streams are not polluted by the worldly dust.
Zhan Dew Spring
The spring is like Zhan Dew, sweet and fragrant, and it is cool to the teeth and cheeks when entering the triple burner. Tōraku Koen is so refreshing that it doesn’t hurt to get drunk at night.
Shuangnu Spring
There is Yu City where the two concubines descend, and the spring flowing under the city is cold and clear. The wheat ridges and millet fields are moist, and the field masters are happy to bring peace to the soil.
Luo Guquan
Auntie’s remains are dim and clear, but her surname is Luo. The infinite changes in the mausoleum valley make me admire Cao E more and more.
Xiaogan Spring
The filial son of Qicheng has a deep heart, and the clear spring is clear and deep. The leaping carp lying on the ice is not a strange thing, and it has been passed down to this day.
Yuhuan Spring
The veins of the spring are coiled back like a jade ring, and the beauty of heaven remains in the world. The hot spring was insulted by Concubine Yang, so the clear water was diverted to Mount Li.
Nan Shuyuquan
Nanquan Shuyupai Kuanglu should be the Yunmen Waterfall. Yue Zhaobo has a clear heart and can learn from it. How can there be no Hunan girl to understand Qiongju?
Beijing Jade Spring
The spring flows in the north stream and the waterfalls fly. On a quiet day, it is like hearing the sound of jade being washed. With your slender hands, you can pick it up and clean it to the bone. It is advisable for an expert to wash away the dust.
South Pearl Spring
There is a flowing spring in the south of the sacred forest, from which bright pearls flow out. The veins are as cold as Hepu, the moon is bright and the old clam spits into the abyss.
North Pearl Spring
The water below Baiyun Tower is soluble, and the drops of spring beads reflect the red sun. Yuan Ke cried and found nowhere to find him. He was afraid that he would follow the flowing water into the Dragon Palace.
South Manna Spring
The top of the Buddha is towering in the sky, and the nectar dripping from it turns into a flowing spring. The south wind brings heavy rain in June, and I borrow Enbo from far away to irrigate the well fields.
Longmen Spring
Looking west to Longmen Haizangtong, a stream of fragrant springs penetrates to the east. Peach Blossom Waves warm spring in March, turning into ninety thousand winds.
Bailongquan
The white dragon has been flying away from the white clouds, and its scales are always rippling with green. The moon is white, the wind is clear, and the sky is like water. One water bank is the Hualong Pond.
Black Tiger Spring
The stone pan water house is green in color, and its depth is as dark as a black tiger hiding. In the middle of the night, the wind blew the rocks apart, and there was a clear whistle and the moon was dim.
Black Dragon Spring
The clear pool is as green as oil, and the spring water flows into the stone cave. In the middle of the night, the dragon returns, the clouds are black and the mist disperses, turning into rain to swamp Qizhou.
Lupao Spring
The sound of the spring is as clear as the sound of a deer, and the dead flow like this day and night. The spiritual material should not be in the past, and it should be full of Cangzhou.
Furong Spring
□ Hua Zi Cui cuts hibiscus, and there are springs and rocks flowing down the mountain. The blossoming red makeup illuminates the clear water, and the lonely autumn river blows in the west wind.
Double Peach Spring
The former Liu Lang stopped coming, and the green peach blossoms were seen at the head of the spring. Last night, I suddenly dreamed of three stolen guests, filling my mother's cup in Fanyaochi.
Willow Catkin Spring
The willows are green beside the golden thread pool, and the spring is divided into stone dou Xiaoling. The east wind blows fragrant catkins in March, and the waves turn into green catkins overnight.
Willow Spring
Apricot blossoms bloom all over the willows, and the clear spring under the willows ripples. Don't break the soft strips and leave the horses tied to them. Listen to the orioles in the deep green shade.
Walnut Spring
The day is longer when walnuts are fruitful, and the clear spring under the tree carries the fragrance of dew. I once crossed the Wuling River on the road, and the falling flowers and flowing water chased the fishermen.
Lettuce Spring
The name of the spring is Lettuce and the river is clear, and everything is salty and bitter. I never forget to work on the ice tiller while I sleep, and I feel so passionate about biting the vegetable roots.
Jinsha Spring
There are golden sands on the bank of Bailong Spring, and the clear water and red lotus are as beautiful as Ruoye. There is a direct line leading to Yunhan Road, and there are no immortals visiting Lingcha.
White Flower Spring
The stone spring flows out with white flowers floating on it, like a tiger hill near the Zen forest. I like to understand the emptiness, color and meaning coming from the west, and the world will be floating around for eternity.
Hui Chi Spring
The black wind turned over the sea and shook Penglai, blowing ashes all over Kunming. If you want to trace the source of the water, there is no end to it, but the source of the water is pure and fine.
Dengzhou Spring
The Wendeng line penetrates Tancheng, it is clear and has no mirage or fishy smell. Xuexuetang's Master Su sings aloud and washes away the cold with thousands of bamboos.
Wang's Creek Pavilion Spring
The water trickles in the northwest of the fish pond, and Wang's Creek Pavilion is still standing. The locust trees on the stream are clear and the day is everlasting. I lean on the railing and listen to the singing cicadas.
Xianqingquan
Zhongzhou cultural relics are important in Tancheng, so it is named Xianqingyishui. The son of the Yan family has his own basket, and the autumn wind comes here to wash away the dust.
Donggao Spring
The Golden Line Nanquan turns eastward, just like the distant dynasty of Jianghan. Half an acre of square pond is full of life, and it is difficult to find any traces of changes in fish and dragons.
Qingshui Spring
The autumn water is clear and the water and sky are the same color and the moon is bright. The place where the children sang in Canglang got this name from a dusty tassel.
Liquan
Ninety percent of the time the name of Liquan was engraved, and the spring is as clear as bamboo leaves. There is true happiness among the mountains and rivers, so why linger in the Drunkard Pavilion.
Jiuquan
The wine stars shine brightly in the blue sky, and there are wine springs under the ground. After a drink, it will be as sweet as wine, and you will meet someone who is the immortal of wine.
Dongmizhi Spring
The clear spring flows out with green ripples, and the veins run through the east and west. After talking about the hard work in the end, who knows that the taste is as delicious as glutinous rice.
Ximi Zhiquan
The taste of the spring in the west pool is stronger than that in the east, so why cut off the honey house in the cold weather. There is no doubt that the sweetness of fat is pleasing to the mouth. Try drinking Shengtianjing.
Xibo Spring
There is Liequan to the east of Qianjing. What year did the mountain monk wash his bowl? Yipu delicacies flow out of the spring, and Zen meditation on the three living stones is revealed.
Fragrant Spring
The spring grass is fragrant in front of Emperor Yu's Temple, and the stone pond is filled with the fragrance of green spring. The source of living water is far away, and thousands of hectares of sloping fields are covered with yellow willows.
Sanshui Spring
The water from Pearl Spring lingers in the east, rippling back and forth. From time to time, a distinguished guest arrives, and the square pool is like a fine-grained piece of water.
Mingshui Spring
The clear springs are connected to the Milky Way, and the treasure mirror is the same as the clear water. Walking around the square pool and looking at the shadows leisurely, men and women spread out on the east slope.
Huanghua Spring
The golden thread pond springs to the east and the green spring springs up, and the Huanghua envoy shines in Qichuan. The holy grace is as vast and wide as the sea, spreading like rain all over the eight villages.
Wuyou Spring
The clear water on the west bank of the Qianquan can eliminate all worries. The old man and the yellow boy fight for the soil, and when spring comes, they go eastward for something.
Manjingquan
The well spring is full of flowing water, and the veins in front of Mingxiu Pavilion are clear. It must have been a heavy spring rain at night, and the water was three feet high and the small pond was flat.
Shallow Well Spring
The shallow wells in Qicheng are no more than a foot long, and a handful of them can make the dust disappear. At dusk, where children draw bottles, the rain falls on the banana leaves.
Shiwan Spring
Shiwan Pond is connected to the south of Quanquan, and the clear water gushing out has a sweeter taste. The flowers in the well are cooking in the stone cauldron, and the autumn smoke is clear in the evening.
Wo Niu Spring
In the past I heard that cows were sleeping in Tao’s tomb, but now I see Yijing Spring in Qizhou. The scenic spots of Lishan have been preserved for thousands of years, and the autumn wind fills Yutian with corn and millet.
Longju Spring
Looking to the east at Fusang Haidailian, the cold water of Chengtan is trickling by the moon. The flick of the fishing rod against the coral tree startled the dragon sleeping in the pond at night.
Mapao Spring
The horse's hooves broke through the flying spring and flowed out of Qicheng's shallow water. The eight horses once heard of the eight extremes, and the sea turned into fields several times in a hundred years.
Yuchi Spring
The water ripples by the Jiangjia Pavilion, and countless golden scales blow against the waves. I'm just afraid that the peach blossoms will be warm in the spring waves, and the dragon gate will turn into a Tianchi.
Zhiyuchiquan
The shallow water in Tancheng is like Haoliang, and there are objective fish in Laozhuang. No bait, no hook, just stop fishing, sleepy sedges reflect the setting sun.
Hot Springs
Taizhen prefers bathing in Huaqing, how warm and moist it is in Lixiacheng. How can Yuyun and Kunshan be nourished without labor and cooking?
Xuanzhu Spring
The spring veins are like hanging grain beads, and the source of living water is unprecedented in the world. There may be a Li dragon lying in the depth of the cave, spitting out its saliva into the lake.
Duquan
Looking more than 20 miles away from the Central Palace, you can see clear springs flowing into mountains and lakes. When there is a severe drought in Qicheng, there will be a heavy rain, and one drop of it can wither all things.
Jingshui Spring
The water flowing out of the spring is better than wine, and the entrance is muddy and cold to the bones. If it tastes different than Daigo, it is sweeter and more fragrant than Matong.
Baiquan
The autumn water in Huai Ting is clear in color, and its body is pregnant with gold, sky, jade and snow. On a moonlit night, it seems doubtful that Su Lian is the best, and she is better than Yao Qiong who is spotless.
Nanzhichang Spring
The spring flows through Baotu and the water is beautiful, and it can sweep away the chaff in troubled times. The status is high and dusty, and the flowers and grass are fragrant all the time.
Beizhui Nangquan
A stone shed is built in the west corner of Baotu, and the spring is called Dregs to be cooked. A handful can be clean without dust, so why did it tarnish its reputation back then?
Wangshuiquan
The scenery in Wanzhu Garden is interesting and quiet, and the two springs look towards Dengzhou. A hundred feet of green parasols and red phoenixes perch, and thousands of piles of snowy waves play with white gulls.
Flatiron Spring
The spring is as hot as a flatiron spring, and it is the first source from the Dragon Cave. If you want to know the meaning of Kanli's sexual intercourse, please refer to the Five Thousand Words of Morality.
Ranchiquan
Liu Zi remembered Ranxi and sent it to Dongqi separately. I recall passing by the Zhuojin River, the wind was rippled by clear blue waves, and the colors were fascinating.
Chequan
The Han family heard of the Seven-Fragrance Car, and the Chequan was commendable. The golden well sounds like the windlass, and the fragrant grass makes the noise of jackdaws at sunset.
Xuanquan
A hundred-foot flowing spring stone hangs on top, and the dragon returns to the entrance of the cave to scatter clear smoke. I once watched the waterfall from Wulao and watched the Milky Way fall for nine days.
Grey Spring
There is smoke in the northwest of Zhenquan, and green moss is corroded in the piles of rocks. When will the dust be clean and dusty, I will find the way to the source and the rooftop.
Hongsand Spring
The prime minister once built a new embankment. The spring rocks are as beautiful as the west side of the soil. Yuan Rong also took a small team and asked Liu to go to Youqi from time to time.
Liu Shiquan
Who is the spring named Liu Shiguo? It has been famous for thousands of years. The natural brewing spring is clear and pleasant, and the pines and flowers are full of spring.
Taoist Spring
Beizhu Nanshan is a rolling stone vortex, and a cold spring bursts out on the east slope of the temple. Taoist priests know where to plant peaches, and they prefer spiritual springs to plant more.
Edit this paragraph and return to the table of contents Seventy-Two Springs - Historical Changes
The actual number of springs in Jinan is much more than these. The seventy-two springs in Jinan in the past dynasties, like "seventy-two lines" and "seventy-two changes", generally refer to large quantities.
Through the vicissitudes of time, the names, locations and place names of the seventy-two springs transcribed in the chronicles have changed many times. After tracing and surveying, we found 60 famous springs listed in the "Famous Spring Stele" of the Jin Dynasty. Currently, there are 60 springs that are still in existence or whose locations can be identified even though they have been filled up. Their distribution is: Baotu, Jinxian, Huanghua, Woniu, Shuyu, Catkins, Mapai, Qianjing, Xibo, Mixed Sand, Wuyou, Manjing, Shiwan and Zhanlu in Baotu Spring Park , Jiuquan, Donggao, Wangshui, Dengzhou, Beizhuann (Dukang); Black Tiger, Golden Tiger, and South Pearl in Huancheng Park; Gray Bay, (ancient) Hot Spring, and Dongmizhi in Wulongtan Park. Xuan (Xian) Qing; North Pearl, Sanshui and Xiting in Pearl Spring Hotel. Huichi Spring in the south of Kunshun Bridge, Zhuoying, Huiquan and Zhiyu Spring on Wangfuchizi Street, Furong Spring at No. 69 Furong Street, Yuhuan Spring on Shengfuqian Street, Shunquan (well) on Shunjing Street, Xigeng Road No. 4 Yunlou Spring, No. 22 Xiaogan Spring, Baotu Spring North Road, No. 45 Ximizhi Spring, Qingtuan Road, and the (ancient) Jianquan (changed to an artificial spring) at the south end of Nanmen Street. Dishui Spring, Ganggou Town, Licheng District, Chicory Spring, Duquan, Tietie Spring, Longju Spring, Liubu Town, Luquan, Shiliulihe Town, Liuquan, Chequan, Jinxiuchuan Township, Baiquan, Huaquan, Wangsheren Town. Baimai Spring in Mingshui Town, Zhangqiu City, and Li Spring in the north of Hongtang Ridge, Changbai Mountain. Lingyan Temple Solitary Spring in Changqing County (now known as Kasaya Spring). Jiangshui Spring in Yaojia Town, Lixia District. Kaiyuan Temple Manna Spring (some say Manna Spring of Great Buddha Temple). Longdong Scenic Area Jinsha Spring, Bailong Spring and Linji Spring.
The ones that have been filled up and whose locations can still be confirmed and are expected to be restored include the Cinnabar Spring on the west side of Wangfuchi, the Liushi Spring on the south side of Qushui Pavilion, and the (ancient) Dukang Spring on the west side of Shun Garden. The Xiangquan, Shuangtao Spring and Luogu Spring in the "Famous Spring Stele" of the Jin Dynasty were all buried under the building. Xuanquan, Ranchi Spring and Longmen Spring merge into the reservoir. Baihu Spring awaits further investigation. Ruquan, Zhuzao, Luquan and Nanzhuanquan have been visited many times, but no trace has been found. Lupao Spring in "Jinan Seventy-Two Spring Poems" of the Ming Dynasty is located in Lubaoquan Village, Liubu Town, Licheng District, and Baihua Spring is located in Baihuaquan Village, Shiliulihe Town. In the Qing Dynasty's "Jinan Seventy-Two Springs", Tianjing Spring is in Wulongtan Park, Pipa Spring is in Huancheng Park, Hao Spring is in the courtyard of Pearl Spring Hotel, and Tengjiao Spring is next to the North Street of Wangfu Chizi Street. Dougu Spring (now called Doumu Spring) is located in Doumu Spring Village, Shiliulihe Town, Licheng District. Qiangxiang, Shicha, Qinquan, Xizhang, Shuilian, Bingbing, and summer resort springs are all located in Liubu Town, Licheng District.