The tragedy of Wu Huanxian, the general of the Red Army, and his family.

In 2009, Wu Huanxian was selected as 100 hero model figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China in the "Double Hundred Talents" selection activity. On the evening of August 1, 2009, Wu Huanxian's heroic deeds were broadcast on the People's Yingmo column of CCTV with the title "A valiant soldier stayed in Shaanxi but stayed in Gansu". Wu Huanxian's fame and outstanding achievements have gone down in history. However, during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the tragic experience of Wu Huanxian and his family remained unknown. Wu Huanxian, from Caomen Village, Sijiao, Jianchanghe Township, Ziyun District, Hong 'an County, Hubei Province, 1. His family is relatively rich, with 14 mu of paddy field, 8 mu of dry land and two oxen. There are seven tile houses and a shop, dealing in local products and daily groceries, and living a rich life. Therefore, Wu Huanxian claimed to be the "landlord". His father Wu has married two wives, and his ex-wife Dai died of illness. Chen's later wife. A father and two mothers have five sons: Shangxian, Fengxian, Huanxian, Shu Xian and Jixian. Born in Chen, ranked third. But among Uncle Wu's three brothers. Wu Huanxian ranks seventh, so it is called "Seven Xianggong". Wu Huan was born in August of 1907, formerly known as "An 'an", and studied in rural schools since childhood. 16 years old studied in Macheng Sericulture School, Hubei Province. The vigorous anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle inspired his patriotic enthusiasm, and he began to accept Marxism and embark on the revolutionary road. Morning 1926. After joining the Producers' Party of China, Wu Huanxian developed and established the secret organization of the Party in his hometown, established the farmers' association, and held three "Redology" in the name of the local "Red Gun Club", trained more than 100 students, and established the peasant revolutionary armed forces. Participated in and led the famous peasant uprising in Huang Ma, and was one of the founders of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui revolutionary base areas and the Red Army. He served as the representative of Huang An Peasant Self-Defence Force. Member of Hubei Revolutionary Committee and Chairman of the Land Committee, Secretary of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee in Huang An, member of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Special Committee and member of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Committee. Director of the Political Department of Gongsijun 12 Division, political commissar of the 73rd Division of the 25th Army of Gongsijun, director of the Political Department of Gongsijun, etc. 1932 10, the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army withdrew from the base area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and Wu Huanxian remained as the commander-in-chief of the guerrillas in northeast Hubei. According to the decision of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Provincial Party Committee, the Red 25 Army was reorganized and successively served as the commander and political commissar. 1926 autumn, when the peasant revolutionary movement flourished, Wu Huanxian invited several tenants and debtors to his home. While propagating the revolution, I apologized to them and burned their land lease contracts and debt IOUs. He declared to his face that the tiller has his land, and whoever rents his land will have it. From now on, he will never rent a house from a tenant to force debts. This incident caused a great sensation in the local area. People rushed to tell each other, and some praised each other. Others abused Wu Huanxian's ancestors. To this end, many local Red Army veterans called Wu Huanxian: "Break the family revolution and rise up!" In the blink of an eye, in winter, landlords and gentry who were extremely hostile to the peasant movement colluded with bandits and more than 200 reactionary armed forces of the "Red Gun Club" and attacked Caomen in the four corners of Jianhe Township in a murderous way, declaring that "stepping on the long river and bloodbath Caomen in the four corners will destroy the whole family of Wu Huanxian!" Seeing the disaster, Wu hurriedly led his family back to the mountain to escape, but was stopped by bandits. After several shots, two strong men, the eldest brother Wu Shangxian and the second brother Wu Fengxian, were lying in a pool of blood. Wu and his youngest son, Wu Jixian, were caught by bandits, stripped naked and hacked to death by a pond not far from their home. Seeing this tragic scene, Wu Huanxian's eldest sister-in-law was terrified out of her wits and panicked. She held a nursing child less than half a year old and plunged into the pond and drowned. On March 1927, Hankou Republic Daily revealed that the news that "Wu Huanxian's family of six were killed" came one after another. 19966.6886868866 17

When I heard the newspaper and hurried home, I saw a book saying, "Catch three thousand silver dollars!" " During the funeral, Wu Huanxian said publicly, "This blood debt will be paid with blood sooner or later. I broke the family revolution in Wu Huanxian. If you don't do it for a long time, you will revolutionize to the end and would rather die than surrender! " Bury the bodies of relatives. After arranging accommodation for his mother and family, Wu Huanxian quickly cheered up and threw himself into the historical torrent of the jute peasant uprising. 1in the spring of 930, the revolutionary struggle situation gradually improved, and a special committee for the border region of China, Hubei, Henan and Anhui was established in Jianchanghe. Wu Huanxian was elected as a member of the special committee and concurrently served as secretary of the Huang An County Party Committee. On April 15 of the following year, he married Cao Ganxian, the cousin of Cao, Chairman of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Revolutionary Committee, at the four corners of Caomen. Form a revolutionary couple. After marriage, he was transferred to the political department of Gongsijun 12 Division. In the hard years after that, Cao Ganxian, the newly married wife, shouldered the burden of the Wu family's life. My son farmed, my daughter-in-law did housework and lived with her mother-in-law, Chen. During the fourth and fifth counter-campaigns against "encirclement and suppression", the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law followed each other, often leaving home to take refuge and begging from house to house for a living. On one occasion, my mother-in-law actually begged to go to the headquarters of the Red 25th Army. The officers and men of the Red Army cried. Out of concern for the Wu Huanxian family, Shen Zemin, secretary of the CPC Central Committee in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, asked him to pick up his mother and wife. Living with the Red Army, he bluntly persuaded: "If the commander's mother and wife are caught by the enemy and published in the newspaper, the political influence will be very bad!" Wu Huanxian troops have heavy combat tasks and changeable actions. Decline politely. In desperation, Shen Zemin approved another note, asking the management department to send someone to carry a bucket of rice and give preferential treatment to the Wu family. Who knows that Wu Huanxian's mother not only refused to accept it, but also said that the Red Army was going to fight the White Army, and food was also very difficult. When busy, she asked her daughter-in-law Cao Ganxian to send rice back to the management department of the Red 25th Army. 65438+May 0933. When the young and the old were at odds, Cao Ganxian sent a bag of "Bai Jia Liang" begged by her mother-in-law and daughter-in-law from door to door to the Red Army position in Longwangshan, Qiliping, to support the Red Fifteen Army in besieging Qiliping. She was pregnant, suffering from hunger and disease, exhausted her last breath on the way and fainted in the wild. She is Wu Huanxian's wife. This ended her young life. 1985 10 When the author visited the former residence of the martyrs, Wu Man, who was over 60 years old, once said that her seven daughters were beautiful and capable and starved to death in Ganzhagang near Changchong because there was nothing to eat. 1early September, 933, during the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression". The Red 25th Army was forced to move to western Anhui, and the enemy took the opportunity to emigrate to the village. My mother, Chen, refused to give in to the enemy's "falling into the forest and entering the village" because it was difficult to leave her hometown and family. She hid in the wall of the grocery store alone and stayed up all winter. A long and narrow wall was originally used to collect valuables and prevent bandits from looting. This was used by Chen to avoid the enemy and find the "commander's mother". Finally, because there was not enough sunshine and food and clothing for a long time, I was trapped alive in the middle wall. Wu Huanxian's second sister-in-law was "immigrated" by the enemy to a "refugee camp" in Baishi 'an, Guangshan County, because she ate food mixed with lime residue. Torture to death. Only Wu, the little niece, was accepted as a child bride at the age of eleven or twelve and raised a live one. Wu's fourth brother, in a foreign land, also saved his life. 3. During his tenure as commander and political commissar of Red 25th Army in Wu Huanxian. Faced with the cruel "encirclement and suppression" of hundreds of thousands of Kuomintang troops

Together with Cheng, Xu Haidong and others, he led the Red 25th Army with 3,000 men, broke through the siege of tens of thousands of Kuomintang troops, and entered Shangluo Mountain area through Dabie Mountain, Tongbai Mountain and Funiu Mountain, successfully realizing the first strategic transfer task. After entering Shaanxi. At the critical moment when Xu Baoshan, the acting party secretary, was seriously ill, and Cheng, the commander, and Xu Haidong, the deputy commander, were seriously injured, they bravely shouldered heavy burdens and took risks. He leads and directs the actions and operations of the troops and presides over all the work of creating new areas. During this period, the Red 25th Army successively captured Zhen 'an, Zhashui, Ningshan, Foping, Luonan and other counties, and won the battles of Shiduodeila, Jiufang and Yuanjiagoukou, crushing the enemy's two heavy "encirclement and suppression" campaigns and creating a new revolutionary base in Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi, which enabled the troops to stand and develop. At the same time, Wu Huanxian served as Party Secretary of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi. June 1935. In the process of bullying Xi 'an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, the Red 25 Army learned that the Central Red Army and the Red Fourth Front Army had entered western Sichuan and were heading north. After that, the Central Committee of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi resolutely made the correct decision to go west to Gansu, and coordinated and welcomed the main force of the Red Army to go north to Shaanxi and Gansu. On July 16, 4,000 people from the Red 25th Army went north from Fengyukou, Chang 'an County and set foot on the second Long March. The troops left Qinling Mountains in the west, crossed Weihe River in the north, galloped Longnan and Longdong, crossed Liufeng, cut off Xilan Highway, and captured Liangdang, Qin 'an and Longde counties along the way. Beat back the siege of the Kuomintang army several times. The strategic action of the Red 15th Army's westward expedition to the north not only attracted and contained a large number of Kuomintang troops, but also effectively cooperated with the Long March of the Central Red Army to the north, "becoming the guide of the Central Red Army" and acting as the pioneer of the three main forces of the Red Army. 1935 August 2 1. Wu Huanxian died heroically in the battle in Sipo Village, Jingchuan County, Gansu Province, at the age of 28. At that time, it was buried in Zhengjiagou, more than 20 miles west of Jingchuan County. 1982, the author set foot in the local area to find the tomb of the martyrs. According to several local old people's memories, the Red Army carried the cedar coffin of the big landlord Zheng to bury the political commissar of the Red 25 th Army. The cemetery is on a platform under Nanyuan. After the Red Army left, the enemy came, dug the grave and pried open the coffin. The body was pulled out, and even the white cloth wrapped around the martyr was torn to pieces by the enemy and taken away. Later, the body was carried to Jingchuan County and placed in a ruined temple near the vegetable market. The body was shown to the public for several days and many photos were taken. Ma Hongbin, commander of the 35th Army Division of the Kuomintang, wrote bluntly in a letter to the Chairman of the Kuomintang Shaanxi Province on September 1935: "Wang Gaoyuan killed the political commissar of the 25th Army. There are seven photos, which are now mailed to you. Please have a look. " These seven photos must be terrible in your imagination. Unfortunately, the author has never found it. Later, after several investigations, the Party History Office of Jingchuan County did not even find the remains of martyrs. I don't know where I was abandoned by the enemy. Alas, the ghost man who died in Longdong Plateau! The blood grass in the Central Plains is rich and beautiful, and the cold areas are blooming in spring. (Author: Lu Zhenguo,