Shui Diao Ge Tou
Song Su Shi
When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. I don’t know what year it is today in the palace in the sky. I want to ride the wind back home, but I'm afraid of the beautiful buildings and jade buildings. It's so cold at high places. I dance to clear my shadow, so it doesn't feel like I'm in the human world.
Go to Zhu Pavilion and arrive at Qihu. There shouldn't be any hatred, why should things turn out differently? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times. I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to meet Chanjuan.
Appreciation 1
This popular Mid-Autumn Festival poem was written in the ninth year of Xining (1076), the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, which was the Mid-Autumn Festival of the year Bingchen. Written by his younger brother Su Zhe.
The whole word uses image description and romantic imagination to describe, express and discuss the Mid-Autumn Moon, from the connected categories of heaven and earth, moon and people, space and time. Thinking, sublimating his feelings for his brothers to the philosophical level of exploring optimism and misfortune in life, expressing the author's optimistic and broad-minded attitude towards life, his best wishes and infinite love for life.
The first film expresses the poet's ideological activities from being born in the world to loving life, focusing on the sky. The opening sentence "When will the bright moon come?" borrows the poetic meaning of Li Bai's "When will the bright moon come in the blue sky? I will stop drinking today and ask." By asking questions to the blue sky, the reader's thoughts are directed to the fairy world in the vast space. "I don't know what year it is today in the palace in the sky." The following sentences are full of twists and turns, full of ups and downs. It illustrates the author's deep confusion in the choice between "being born out of the world" and "entering into the world", that is, between "retreating" and "advancing", "official" and "hidden". The poet's question about the moon is the question and exploration of the bright moon. It is extraordinary, abrupt and straight.
The words "I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be too cold in the beautiful buildings and jade buildings at high places". The writer's yearning and doubts about the fairyland of the Moon Palace embody the double contradiction between the author's birth and entry into the world. psychology. "Dancing to clear the shadows, how does it seem to be in the world?" The lyricist's worldly thoughts have defeated the worldly thoughts, showing the poet's persistence in life and love for the world.
The next piece blends realism into freehand brushwork, turning scenery into emotion, expressing the poet's interpretation of the joys and sorrows of the world, focusing on the human world. The three sentences "turning around the Zhu Pavilion, looking down at the door, illuminating the sleepless people" actually describe the scene of the moon illuminating the world. The moon attracts people, implying the author's vast thoughts. "There shouldn't be any hatred, why will it be so long when we say goodbye?" The two sentences follow the line of "Shine without sleep", and the writing is vivid and frustrating. On the surface, it is annoying that the moon shines on people, and it adds to people's resentment that "the moon is full and people are not round", but deep down This is a poem that embraces the heart and expresses the author's longing for his relatives by seeing the moon. "People have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes. It is difficult to complete this matter in ancient times." The lyricist's explanation of the joys and sorrows of the world shows that the author has formed a free and broad-minded approach due to the influence of Zhuangzi and Buddhist thought. Keep your mind open to all humiliations, forget gains and losses, and detach yourself from things. Comparing human sorrow, resentment, and injustice as social phenomena with the natural phenomena of the moon, such as the moon, the moon, and the waxing and waning, treat them as one and seek comfort. At the end, "I wish you a long life and a long journey to visit the beautiful lady", it moves to a higher level of thought and sends out deep condolences and wishes to all the departed relatives in the world (including my own brothers), adding a positive and energetic spirit to the whole poem. meaning. The second part of the poem, with its wide open and close strokes and strong and vigorous writing power, highly summarizes the intricate changes in the world, heaven, and nature, and expresses the author's yearning for a beautiful and happy life. It is both philosophical and emotional.
This poem is a representative work of Su Shi's philosophical poems. The words fully reflect the author's comprehensive understanding and understanding of the eternal universe and the complex and ever-changing human society. It is a small summary of the author's worldview made through the observation of the moon and people, which is enough to summarize the whole. . The author admires the changes of ancient and modern times, laments the flow of the universe, and is tired of the ups and downs of the official world. In the artistic conception of the bright moon in the sky, aloofness and vastness, he infiltrates a strong philosophical meaning, reveals a wise philosophy of life, and achieves a high degree of harmony between man and the universe, nature and society.
Appreciation 2
This article was written by Su Shi when he was drinking and admiring the moon at Chaorantai in Mizhou during the Mid-Autumn Festival in the ninth year of Xining (1076). Su Shi, also known as Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi, was a rare literary and artistic talent in Chinese history during the Song Dynasty. He had extremely high achievements in poetry, poetry, prose, calligraphy, and painting.
Whether it is poetry or prose, they all show the characteristics of a wide range of themes, profound thoughts, lofty realms and powerful writing. They had a profound impact at that time and on later generations.
From the fourth year of Xining (1071) to the time of writing this article, I have been serving as a foreign minister for five full years, and I have not seen my brother Su Zhe for five full years. Su Shi was originally the general magistrate of Hangzhou. Because Su Zhe was in charge of the secretary in Jinan, he specifically requested to move north to take up a post in Mizhou. However, Jinan and Mizhou were not far apart, but they were both tired of official affairs and had not been able to move to Mizhou for five years. Meeting each other, this article expresses this feeling of brotherly love for each other. While describing the deep brotherhood, the poet couldn't help but think of the fact that both brothers became local officials because they opposed the reformists, and were treated coldly. They couldn't help but think of the perils of their official careers. Therefore, the theme of this article is to express the contradictory feelings of being out of the world and entering the world, retreating and becoming an official.
Research on the small preface, which is one with the words, and explains the writing time of the words, "Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival", that is, the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1076); the background, "Happy Drinking at Dadan"; the title, Expressing one's feelings after being drunk "contains one's heart at the same time", the former is the main part and the latter is the auxiliary part. Specifically: the lyricist lost his feelings during his exile.
This is a Mid-Autumn Festival poem. In the upper part, the moon brings about the fantasy in the sky; in the lower part, the moon touches the happenings in the world. It is swayed freely, without any polishing, and its majestic energy is beyond the ordinary world. Hu Zhongren called the Mid-Autumn Festival Ci. Since then, the rest of his poems have been completely abandoned, which shows that he is unique in his time. The sentence starts with "Coming out of the sky, with strange rise and fall", the intention comes from Taibai's "When will the moon come in the blue sky, I want to stop drinking and ask." The two sentences "I don't know" follow the above meaning and make a question. I don't know when the bright moon will appear, so I don't know what year it is in the sky. The three sentences "I want", because I asked but couldn't get the answer, are about the wish to ride the wind and return home. "I want" echoes "you are afraid". "Qionglou Yuyu, the height is not cold", the original meaning is that it is lofty and wonderful, and the metaphor is also very comforting. The two sentences "Dancing" are still riding up, and when it comes to the love in front of me, I can't go back by the wind, but can only linger under the moon. From the moment he surrendered, he felt unrestrained and unrestrained, feeling that the wind, sea and rain were approaching. Change your head, it means that everyone is sleepless under the moonlight. The following turns deeper and deeper, forming a wonderful truth of its own. The two sentences "should not" actually mean that the moon is full and the person is not round, which is quite annoying to the moon. The three sentences "人有" are changed one by one, saying that people and the moon are impermanent, which has been true since ancient times, and it also means to decompose the moon. The two sentences "I hope" go a step further, saying that since people and the moon have never been together since ancient times, they can only protect each other's precious bodies and rely on the moon's alliance to never forget each other. Although the original meaning is derived from the sentence "Thousands of miles away and the bright moon" in Xie Zhuang's "Moon Ode", Su Shi added the word "I hope" to make the love deeper and the meaning stronger.
The poem chants the moon and relates to human affairs.
The first film uses the moon as a metaphor for itself, dancing and making shadows, cynical and independent, showing itself to be aloof. He is both high-spirited and high-spirited, yet down-to-earth and elegant. The first four sentences, asking about the moon and year one after another, are similar to Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Questions", which is very interesting. The "I don't know" lines are full of twists and turns, opening and closing, and are colorful to reveal the choices and confusions caused by "going out to be an official" and "entering the world", that is, between retiring and becoming an official. I want to transcend the world and ride the wind back, but I hesitate and wander. The buildings are high and the sky is too cold. I am grounded in reality. "Dancing to clear the shadows" under the moon is better than a fairyland. This shows that the poet is not completely detached from nature, but in nature. Looking for the meaning of life of "making joy in suffering", that is, Su Shi is still based on reality, passionate about the human world, and feels that human life with the love of brothers, relatives and friends is more cordial and warm.
The moon is used as a backdrop in the next piece, with the intention of cherishing the person. The brush strokes change from realistic to freehand, and the scene to emotion. Using the three words "turn", "low" and "zhao", we describe the movement of light and shadow as the moonlight flows, the time advances, and the emotion arises without sleep. That is, the moonlight bypasses the Zhu Pavilion and shines into the house from under the door, shining on the people who can't sleep at night. It writes the moon in the clear and the person in the dark, which is full of resentment. The two sentences "should not" are written with vivid strokes and smooth pauses. They seem to be admiring and asking about the moon, but they are actually cherishing people. Use the common routine of "people have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes" to forgive yourself. This interpretation of natural physics, interpretation of joys and sorrows, and open-minded artistic conception are endlessly entertaining. The last two sentences cleverly use the meaning of the sentence "Thousands of miles away and the bright moon" in Xie Zhuang's "Moon Ode" to bring out the old and bring out the new, pushing the full moon to a higher state. Life is not without regrets, joys and sorrows are one of them. Su Shi believed that people have joys and sorrows, partings and reunions, just like the moon has waxing and waning periods. Both are natural and there is no need to be sad. Finally, we can understand each other's feelings and comfort each other through the love and separation. The regret in life of parting is compensated by the feelings of friendship. In life, we don’t seek long-lasting reunions. If two hearts are in harmony, the bright moon and the moon are not a beautiful realm.
The first part of this poem is devoted to life, and the second part is good at life. It shows Su Shi's love for life and broad-minded feelings. The lyrics are noble, clear in reasoning, and deeply emotional. They are written in a free and unrestrained way, without any artificial carvings, and the scrolls are smooth and smooth. Therefore, they have been recited for nine hundred years, which shows the prosperity of singing in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.
In my opinion, there are three reasons why "Shui Tiao Ge Tou (When Will the Bright Moon Come)" be passed down through the ages: because of its broad mind, rich imagination and wonderful artistic conception, this song is The image displayed by the words is broad and profound, with high aesthetic value and artistic charm; the parting sorrow and sorrow expressed in "This is an ancient story" can arouse the screams of readers of all ages and types; The wishes for a better life in the poem have transcended the boundaries of Su Shi's brothers and "become the common hope of all those who love a happy life."
"Shui Tiao Ge Tou (When Will the Bright Moon Come)" is Su Shi's unique and popular masterpiece. First of all, the idea, conception, and elegance are wonderful, using surreal imaginings and an ethereal fantasy world to express very realistic and concrete human feelings. Here, through the imagination of the Moon Palace Wonderland, the poet expresses his own ideological contradictions and twists, life experience and understanding in a very mysterious exploration and thinking. This kind of performance is not only otherworldly, but also constitutes the romantic tone and ultra-elegant style of this article.
Secondly, using the moon as the main line to integrate emotions, scenes, and concepts is another outstanding feature of this article. At the beginning of the film, Yue Yue begins to think, and through continuous questioning, expresses his yearning for transcendence. The second film is also inspired by the moon, using the waxing and waning of the moon to compare the joys and sorrows of the world. The whole article uses the moon to form the scenery, the moon to create feelings, and the moon to clarify the reason. It embodies the poet's ideal of life, and also makes this article appear to be lofty, meaningful, and full of emotion.
Appreciation 3
Due to the political disagreement between the author and those in power, he was pushed out to Mizhou to be a local magistrate. He felt very depressed. At the same time, he had not seen his younger brother Ziyou for seven years and missed him very much. , various thoughts are expressed through this word.
Looking at the moon in the last film, I am not only full of joy and excitement, but also down-to-earth, elegant and noble. The first four sentences ask about the moon and the year one after another, which is similar to Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Questions", which is very interesting. People in the Tang Dynasty called Li Bai the "Exiled Immortal", while Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai the "Two Exiled Immortals". Su Shi himself also imagined that he was a man in the moon in his previous life, so he had the idea of ??"returning on the wind". But heaven and earth, fantasy and reality, worldliness and worldliness, all attracted him at the same time. In contrast, he is still based on reality, loves the world passionately, and feels that life in the world with brothers, relatives and friends is warm and friendly. Dancing under the moon, the realm of life with pure light and shadow is better than the cloud steps on the moon and earth, and the vast and cold palace in the sky. Although he is in the mortal world, his chest is extremely broad and bright.
The next film is full of love. Life is not without regrets, joys and sorrows are one of them. Su Shi had a deep brotherhood. He and Su Zhe separated from Yingzhou in the fourth year of Xining (1071) and have not seen each other for six years. Su Shi was originally the general magistrate of Hangzhou, but because Su Che was in charge of the secretary in Jinan, he specifically requested to move north. When we arrived in Michigan, we still had no chance to meet each other. "We cannot see each other so close to the sky, but we are the same as thousands of miles away. There is no separation in life, but who knows the importance of love." (Yingzhou Chubie Ziyu), but Su Shi believes that people have joys and sorrows, partings and moons are the same as the waxing and waning of clouds and sunshine, and both are natural. Common sense, no need to be sad. Finally, we reconciled our feelings and comforted each other by admiring the moon together. The regret of parting was compensated by the feelings of friendship. In life, we don’t seek long-lasting reunions. If two hearts are in harmony, the bright moon and the moon are not a beautiful realm. The first part of this poem is devoted to life, and the second part is good at life. It shows Su Shi's love for life and broad-minded feelings.
This poem combines the issues of the universe and life, and integrates thoughts about officialdom and nostalgia for the younger brother into admiring the moon. It imagines magnificence without forgetting real life. It is the author's masterpiece. The words in the poem are noble, clear in reasoning, and profound in emotion. They are also written in a free and unrestrained way. They are full of spiritual movement, without any fake carvings, and the scrolls are smooth and smooth. Therefore, they have been passed down and recited for nine hundred years. The 30th chapter of "Water Margin" writes that on August 15th, "you can sing a Mid-Autumn song to the moon and the scenery." What was sung was this "Mid-Autumn Festival "Shui Tiao Song" by a scholar from Dongpo." This shows that the song was popular in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. . Hu Zai in the Song Dynasty said: "As soon as the Mid-Autumn Festival poems came out from Dongpo's "Shui Diao Ge Tou", the rest of the poems were completely useless." ("Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua") is very highly rated
Appreciation Four
"Shui Tiao Ge Tou (When Will the Bright Moon Come)" is Su Shi's masterpiece and has been highly praised and loved by future generations. It is a unique and popular poem handed down from generation to generation.
In 1706, Su Shi was demoted to Mizhou. At the age of 41, he was very frustrated politically. It was the Mid-Autumn Festival, and he missed his younger brother very much. He felt melancholy and depressed in his heart, so he wrote this. First word. Its conception and conception are strange and elegant. It expresses very realistic and concrete human feelings with a surreal distant imagination and an ethereal fantasy world. Here, through the imagination of the Moon Palace Wonderland, the poet expresses his own ideological contradictions and twists, life experience and understanding in a very mysterious exploration and thinking. This kind of performance is not only otherworldly, but also constitutes the romantic tone and ultra-elegant style of this article.
At the beginning of the first film, "When will the bright moon come? Ask the blue sky for wine." These two sentences are from Li Bai's "Ask the Wine for the Moon" "When will the clear moon come? I'll stop drinking today and ask." Derived from detachment. "Holding a glass of wine and asking the sky, when did the moon appear in the sky?" This sentence fully reveals the author's frank temperament, and also hides his inner regret and sadness for life. The next two sentences: "I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky" are the content of the question, which further advances the admiration and yearning for the bright moon. Many years have passed since the birth of Mingyue. I don’t know what kind of day it is tonight in the Moon Palace. The poet imagined that it must be a good day, so the moon was so round and bright. He wanted to go back to the Moon Palace by the wind, so he continued: "I want to ride the wind back, but I'm afraid it will be too cold at the high place." He wanted to ride the wind back to the Moon Palace, but he was afraid of the desolation there and couldn't stand it. What a strange imagination this is. It expresses the poet's contradictory feelings of "being born into the world" and "entering into the world". "Going back by the wind" shows that the poet is dissatisfied with the world, and the word "return" has the flavor of a self-metaphor, as if he originally lived in the moon palace and was only temporarily living in the human world. One "desire" and one "fear" reveal the ideological contradictions that the poet thought about. It can be described as a "wonderful stroke". "It dances to clear the shadows, how can it be like being in the human world?" Closely connected with the above, the lyricist dances under the moonlight, and the shadows are also dancing with people. Even though there are beautiful buildings and jade buildings in the sky, it is difficult to compare with the happiness and beauty of the human world. Here, I suddenly changed from being free from dust to becoming a saint, to liking human life, with ups and downs, and the writing is superb.
The poet initially fantasized about a fairyland, going to the Moon Palace, and escaping from the human world that had troubled him endlessly. However, the poet was realistic after all and loved life, so he personally erased this feeling. A picture of nothingness.
The next film is associated with the full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival and the parting of the world. "Turn Zhuge, lower Qihu, shine without sleep." Both "turning" and "lowing" refer to the movement of the moon, implying that the night is deep. The moonlight passed through the vermilion pavilion and passed through the carved doors and windows, looking for the insomniacs in the room. "Sleepless" generally refers to people like myself who feel sad because they cannot be reunited with their loved ones, so that they cannot sleep. What a pity it is that the moon is full but people cannot be round! So the poet complained about Mingyue and said: "There should be no hatred, why does it always become round when we say goodbye?" You shouldn't have any resentment towards Mingyue, right? Why does it always become round when people say goodbye? This is a complaint that Mingyue deliberately makes things difficult for people and adds sorrow to people, but it also implicitly expresses sympathy for the unfortunately separated people. The poet is open-minded and needs to free himself, so he uses a questioning tone to vent his feelings of missing his family during the festive season. Then, the poet turned his pen and said some comforting words to excuse Mingyue: "People have joys and sorrows, separation and reunion, and the moon has waxing and waning. This is difficult to do in ancient times." There are always sorrows, joys, separations, and unions in the world. , just like the moon in the sky, which is cloudy, clear, round, and missing. These have been difficult to complete since ancient times. This sentence reveals the free and easy and broad-minded character of the poet who has understood life well, and is also a sigh of helplessness in life. Here, he writes from life to nature in a broad and broad strokes, refining and summarizing all kinds of life, including He has experienced countless painful and joyful life experiences. The concluding sentence is "I hope that people will grow taller and be thousands of miles away from the beauty of the moon." I just hope that people can always be healthy and safe, and that even if they are thousands of miles apart, they can enjoy the bright moon in the sky together on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival. This is a memory of distant relatives and a blessing.
The whole word is full of unrestrained emotions, ups and downs, rigorous structure, clear context, and blending of scenes. It closely revolves around the word "moon", rising and falling suddenly, leaving the world for a while, entering the world for a while, and the sentences are concise. Naturally, it shows the poet's superb language ability and romantic, free and elegant style of writing.
This song "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" has always been highly praised by people. Hu Zai said in "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua": "Since Dongpo's "Shui Diao Ge Tou" came out, the rest of the Mid-Autumn Festival poems have been completely useless." He thinks this is the best poem to write about the Mid-Autumn Festival. This is true. Not too much.
This poem seems to be a dialogue with Mingyue, in which the meaning of life is explored. It is both rational and interesting, very thought-provoking. Its broad artistic conception, optimistic and broad-minded mind, longing for the bright moon, attachment to the world, as well as its romantic colors, unrestrained style and flowing language can still give us a wonderful enjoyment to this day. .