Portrait of Wang Xizhi
Wang Xizhi was born in a famous family in the Western Jin Dynasty. Wang Xizhi's grandfather, Wang Zhengguan, went to Shangshu, and his father, Wang Kuang, supported the imperial court's eastward crossing. Wang Dao, Wang Xizhi's uncle, was even worse, and he was the prime minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Therefore, in such a big family, Wang Xizhi attaches great importance to literary accomplishment. When Wang Xizhi was twelve years old, calligraphy was enlightened by his father, and later he studied for the ancients with a female calligrapher. However, Wang Xizhi is not satisfied with this. He traveled extensively, visited places of interest, learned from others and formed his own style, which made his calligraphy reach a real height.
Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is different from the simple and practical calligraphy style in Han Dynasty and Western Jin Dynasty, but has formed a delicate brushwork with changeable structure. Observing Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, we can feel that his calligraphy style is extremely exquisite. It is the awakening of calligraphy art to raise the calligraphy that originally only pays attention to practicality to an artistic realm that can be appreciated. From Wang Xizhi, calligraphy began to really pay attention to techniques and tastes, and calligraphers began to scramble to discover and express the beauty of calligraphy.
Wang Xizhi's influence on calligraphy is enormous and far-reaching, not to mention his son's accomplishments in calligraphy. Later, Nanliang formed the * * * of learning the king for the first time, and in the Tang Dynasty, with the admiration of Emperor Taizong, it formed the * * * of learning the king for the second time. Calligraphers in later generations were convinced of Wang Xizhi's creation, and the name of "Book Sage" was widely circulated inadvertently.
Which dynasty was Wang Xizhi from?
Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was named a "book saint" by later generations because of his high calligraphy attainments. Wang Xizhi was born in a famous family in the Jin Dynasty. His grandfather was Shang Shulang of the Western Jin Dynasty, and his father was the prefect of Huainan. He was also one of the people who supported the imperial court's eastward crossing. Moreover, the Wangs have been influenced by literature for generations, and Wang Xizhi has been able to contact calligraphy since childhood.
Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420)
The court of Wang Xizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was established after the general migration to the south in the Western Jin Dynasty. Luoyang, the former capital of the Western Jin Dynasty, was destroyed. Because most of the areas ruled by the Southern Dynasties were located in Jiangdong, which was called Jiangzuo at that time, it was called the Eastern Jin compared with the Western Jin. The Eastern Jin Dynasty, which went south, tried the Northern Expedition. However, because of the internal tear and disunity, the Northern Expedition made almost no achievements, except for Emperor Wu of Song's successful usurpation of the throne.
In 383 AD, in the face of the invading army, Xie An, the prime minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, fought hard for the main battle. Therefore, the army led by Xie Shi and Xie Xuan finally won a great victory in the Battle of Feishui after arduous resistance. It was also from the beginning of World War I that the north and the south formed a confrontation situation. The Eastern Jin Dynasty, where the gentry lived, and the five hutongs in the north were also called the Sixteen Countries of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Later, Emperor Wudi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty succeeded in usurping the Jin Dynasty and established the Liu Song regime, from which China entered the ups and downs of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
At the time of Wang Xizhi, the Eastern Jin Dynasty had just been established. At that time, Xie Wang and his two families were the most powerful people in North Korea. Wang Dao, Wang Xizhi's uncle, was appointed as the Prime Minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with a high position. Later, Wang Xizhi became Chi Jian's son-in-law, so the Wangs were once very powerful. In addition, Wang Xizhi was later famous for his calligraphy, so the world envied him.
Wang Xizhi's wife
The daughter of Chi Jian and the wife of Wang Xizhi. He gave birth to seven sons and one daughter for Wang Xizhi. Chi Jian, Longlong's father, was a famous politician and calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In addition, the Xi family is also a famous calligraphy family in the history of China. Chi Jian was a famous calligrapher at that time, especially good at cursive script. The book "Disaster Sticker" circulating now is deep, steady, fluent, rich and magnificent, and never lags behind.
Wang Xizhi's wife, Chi Jian.
Chi Jian has two sons and a daughter. His eldest son, Kun, is good at cursive script, official script and regular script, and there are still masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, such as "Educated Youth Post" and "Pen Book Post". His second son, Xi Tan, is good at cursive and regular script. Although both Yun and Tan are good at calligraphy, they both call their elder sister Yun a "female pen fairy", which means a fairy among female calligraphers. Although the people who evaluate her are all her relatives, it shows that her calligraphy must be extraordinary and there must be something extraordinary.
The story of Chi Jian's marriage to Wang Xizhi, a "book sage", is still a much-told story. This story is "Dong Chuang son-in-law". When Wang Xizhi was sixteen, because Ji Jian had a beautiful daughter who was not married, he wanted to find a good family to marry.
Chi Jian has a good relationship with Premier Wang Dao, who is also a North Korean official. It is said that there are many children in the Wangs, and they are all handsome and talented. Chi Jian told Wang Dao his idea, and Wang Dao said, "Then you can choose at my house. Whoever you choose is who you are, and I will never object. " . Tell the housekeeper to send the gift to the home of the Prime Minister Wang. The children in Wang Fu heard that Qiu Xi sent someone to find her husband, and they all dressed up before they came out to meet each other. There seems to be one person missing. Our housekeeper took her housekeeper to the study of the East Cross Court and saw a young man lying on his back on the bed near the east wall, indifferent to Qiu's search for a husband.
When the housekeeper returned to the mansion, he said to Qiu, "There are more than twenty young masters in the palace. I heard that Taiwei Xi is vying for a son-in-law, and only one son is lying on his back in bed. " Chi Jian said, "This is my husband. Take me to see him. " When Chi Jian came to Wang Fu, he saw that the young man was open-minded, personable, talented and outstanding in appearance. I got the dowry on the spot and chose him as my son-in-law. This is how the phrase "son-in-law in the east bed" came from.
Wang Xizhi's son
Wang Xizhi's extensive attainments in calligraphy inevitably influenced the sons of his calligraphy family. Among these sons, Wang Xianzhi is good at cursive script and official script, and also proficient in other books; Wang Ningzhi used official script cursive script; Both Wang Huizhi and Wang Huanzhi are good at cursive writing; Wang Cao's works are in the right books. Therefore, Wang Xizhi's sons have their own strengths, and they are all famous calligraphers at that time.
Wang Xizhi
However, among these sons, Wang Xianzhi's calligraphy is the best. Later, he and his father Wang Xizhi were called "two kings". Wang Xizhi was as smart and studious as his father since he was a child. He is good at painting as well as calligraphy. Wang Xianzhi worked hard at calligraphy since he was a child. One day, Wang Xizhi saw that his youngest son was practicing calligraphy hard, so he quietly walked behind him and suddenly went to get Wang Xianzhi's pen, but he couldn't hold it for a while. Wang Xizhi was very happy and praised Wang Xianzhi for his great achievements in calligraphy in the future.
However, Wang Xianzhi Jr. is often praised by others for his excellent qualifications. After all, Wang Xianzhi is still young, so it is easy to breed a kind of complacency, which is naturally seen by parents. One day, Wang Xianzhi went to his mother's rare home and asked her how long it would take to write Chinese calligraphy. Three years is enough. Mother Xi shook her head, Wang Xianzhi said five years, and her mother shook her head again. Wang Xianzhi was in a hurry and asked how long it would take. Mother pointed to the eighteen vats on one side and said, "When you have finished writing the water in the eighteen vats in this hospital, the words will be weak."
Therefore, Wang Xianzhi's superb calligraphy attainments are not only his own talent, but also his parents' careful teaching. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Wang Xianzhi's reputation once surpassed that of his father Wang Xizhi. It was not until Emperor Taizong began that Wang Xizhi's position was raised again.
Wang Xianzhi Wang Xizhi
Wang Xizhi, born in Langya, Shao Yi, moved his family to Huiji Yin Shan. A famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he is known as the "Book Sage". He used to be an official of Langzhong and Ningyuan, and later became a general in the history of Huiji literature. In the history of calligraphy, he and his son Wang Xianzhi were called "two kings".
Wang Xizhi
Wang Xizhi was born in Langya Wang, a famous family in Wei and Jin Dynasties. He is very talented, and he was good at calligraphy at the age of seven. Legend has it that Emperor Jin went to the northern suburbs to offer sacrifices, and Wang Xizhi wrote his congratulatory message on a board and sent workers to carve it. Wang Xizhi's handwriting is in an, a legal system with lettering, and the ink has penetrated into the depths of wood. Carpenters are amazed at Wang Xizhi's pen power and calligraphy skills, which are so perfect that they can penetrate into wood.
In the ninth year of Yonghe, Wang Xizhi, Xie An and others held an activity in Lanting, during which everyone drank together and wrote poems, which were included in the poetry collection. Wang Xizhi was very happy at that time. In this case, he extemporaneously prefaced this collection of poems, which is the famous Preface to Lanting. This order may have the effect of being in harmony with people at the right time and place, and Wang Xizhi played an extraordinary role. It is said that Wang Xizhi will never write such works again. Mi Fei, a doctor of calligraphy and painting in Song Dynasty, called Preface to Lanting "the best running script in the world".
Wang Xianzhi, a famous painter and calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is the seventh son of Wang Xizhi. The son-in-law of Sima Yu, Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty. Together with his fathers Wang Xizhi, Zhang Zhi and Zhong You, they are called "the four saints in the book". Wang Xianzhi is very clever and has been eager to learn since he was a child. Calligraphy specializes in cursive script and official script, and is also good at painting. When Wang Xianzhi was a child, he was famous and unruly. Although he stays at home every day, his description and manners are not sloppy, and his talent and tolerance surpass those of his contemporaries. He visited Xie An with his two brothers and Wang. His two brothers and Xie An are always talking about social customs and experiences at that time. Wang Xianzhi just said hello to Xie An and went home. The guest asked Xie An who was the better Wang brothers, and Xie An thought it was because he thought all outstanding talents were few words.
Descendants of Wang Xizhi
After the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi resigned in his later years, he lived in seclusion in the mountains and relaxed in front of the beautiful scenery. After his death, he was buried in Waterfall Mountain, Jinting Town, Shengzhou. Now Huatang Village, Jinting Town, Shengzhou, is the main residence of Wang Xizhi's descendants.
Works of Wang Xizhi's descendants
Wang Xizhi died in Jinting, and later generations built their own residence next to Wang Xizhi's tomb, so that they could always guard their ancestors' graves and do their filial piety. Now the grave keeper is Wang, who is over 50 years old. Since Mr. Wang Lao was sensible, he has been in the tomb of Wang Xizhi.
His grandfather and father are the guardians of Wang Xizhi's tomb. It can be said that grandfather Sun San spent all his time on guarding. He said that his daily job is to clean up weeds and some fallen leaves in Wang Xizhi's tomb. Mr. Wang thinks it is difficult, but when he thinks about the great achievements of his ancestors, he wants to do this kind of work more.
According to historical records, Wang Hongzhi, the 26th generation of Wang Xizhi, moved from Jinting to the foothills of Woxian Mountain, and then the Wang family began to settle in Huatang. Most of Wang Xizhi's descendants like and are good at writing and painting. They often put their works in the hall for people to enjoy.
Because this exhibition hall is full of rich literary atmosphere and many works, it is called "painting hall". Later, because the painting hall was beautifully decorated and the surrounding scenery was beautiful, the name of the painting hall was simplified and changed to Tang. Over time, it became the name of the village, and now it is the largest administrative village in Shengzhou City.
Mr. Bojiang, the 54th generation Sun Wang, insisted on writing every day. He said that when he was young, he was deeply influenced by his elders and became interested in calligraphy. He wants to inherit the legacy left by his ancestors.