(1) Impact on the long-term development of my country’s economy
1. The rational allocation of water resources is a basic issue facing the long-term development of my country’s economy. The rational allocation of water resources has become a basic issue that my country's economic development has faced for a long time and must be properly handled.
Although my country is rich in total water resources, the per capita amount is small. Among them, 10 provinces are below the minimum guarantee line for survival. Currently, water shortages in these provinces are getting worse. Since the 1990s, the national average area of ??cultivated land affected by drought every year has been nearly 400 million acres, an increase of 2.3 times compared with the 1970s. The country's irrigation areas are now short of about 30 billion cubic meters of water every year, and cities generally have insufficient water supplies, with annual water shortages of about 6 billion cubic meters. rice.
The spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in my country varies greatly, exacerbating the severity of shortages in some places. The basic characteristic of the spatial distribution of water resources in my country is that it is scarce in the north and abundant in the south. The runoff of the Yangtze River Basin and the rivers south of it accounts for 84% of the total runoff of the country's seven major rivers. The per capita water resources and the per mu water resources are both higher than the national average. However, the river runoff in the Huanghuaihai Basin accounts for only 9.9% of the country's total, and the per capita water resources are only 15% of the national average and only 1/16 of the world average. The per capita amount of water resources in the north is 1,127 cubic meters, which is only 1/3 of the per capita amount in the south. Rivers in the northern region are drying up, groundwater is severely overexploited, and groundwater levels are declining in large areas. In the "Environmental State of the Asia-Pacific Region 2000" report by the United Nations Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, my country's northern region and the Caspian Sea Basin in Central Asia were listed as areas seriously lacking fresh water resources.
2. The implementation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project will help improve the efficiency of resource allocation and promote my country's modernization construction
The realization of the third step strategic goal In 2000, my country's GDP reached 8.9 trillion Yuan, more than 1 trillion U.S. dollars, and per capita GDP exceeds 800 U.S. dollars. It has successfully completed the strategic goals of the second phase of modernization. Entering the new century, my country's economic and social development has begun to move towards the third strategic goal of modernization. The goals of the third stage are very different from the previous two strategic steps. It is not only to maintain long-term rapid economic growth, but more importantly, to achieve sustainable development of the economy, society and environment, and to achieve coordinated regional development and ***
3. Project implementation can promote the formation of potential production capacity by improving water resources conditions. Realistic Economic Growth The impact of the implementation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project on economic growth is not only reflected in the direct stimulation of GDP growth, but also in promoting the formation and improvement of production capacity in water-receiving areas by improving the local ecological environment and production conditions. Transform its potential resource advantages into economic advantages and promote general economic growth in water-receiving areas. North China is a relatively developed region in my country, and the "Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Capital Economic Circle" is one of the three major economic growth centers in eastern my country, with great advantages and potential for economic development. The area is rich in energy resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as mineral resources such as iron ore, nonferrous metals, and gypsum. At the same time, this area has one of the highest density of railways and highways in the country, strong comprehensive transportation capacity, and good location conditions and transportation advantages. However, due to the shortage of water resources, the advantages of the rich local natural resource combination have not been fully utilized. The northwest region has a vast territory, rich mineral resources and great potential for economic growth. With the implementation of the Western Development Strategy, the demand for water resources will expand rapidly. The implementation of the western water diversion project will create advanced conditions for the implementation of the Western Development Strategic Plan and productivity layout, create conditions for attracting investment, improving agricultural production conditions, developing mineral resources and urban construction in the region, and will help promote the development of old industrial bases. Transform and develop, promote the rational adjustment of productivity distribution and the construction and development of new industrial bases, and promote regional economic growth.
IV. Impact on the adjustment of industrial structure and rational allocation of factors in water-receiving areas
1. It is conducive to the development of resource advantages in water-receiving areas and the formation of new economic growth points. The South-to-North Water Diversion Project Implementation and optimal allocation of water resources can free more than 20 large and medium-sized cities in the north, including Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang, from the constraints of water shortages and create opportunities for the development of more industries. For example, it can expand the scale of original enterprises, improve efficiency through reorganization, and accelerate the adjustment of urban industrial structure; it can also bring into play the resource advantages of areas along the water transmission line, especially the areas along the western line project, and promote the layout of new productivity form.
As far as agricultural production is concerned, the increasingly severe drought disaster in North China and Northwest China will be alleviated to a great extent, the area of ??irrigable cultivated land will be further expanded, and agricultural production conditions will be further improved, which can increase the output of agricultural products and improve the agricultural planting structure. Create conditions for developing characteristic agriculture and efficient agriculture. The improvement of water resources conditions will also help to form new economic growth points in water-receiving areas. For example, North China is an important agricultural and sideline product production base in my country, and the deep processing of agricultural and sideline products is a new growth point for the region's economic development. Due to water shortages, this promising industry is currently greatly restricted, which has limited the development of agricultural follow-up industries in the region. It’s hard to take advantage.
2. It will help improve the investment environment in water-receiving areas and promote the rational allocation of resources. After the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is completed, it will greatly improve the investment environment in North and Northwest China. With the gradual elimination of water resource bottlenecks that affect economic development, the ability of these areas to attract production factors will be greatly enhanced, and the acceleration of the flow of production factors will be conducive to resource allocation.