I. Distribution of China's Earthquake Zones
Buying a house and choosing a house must first avoid the earthquake zone. Being in an earthquake zone is likely to cause an earthquake, which will pose a certain threat to our personal safety and life and property; Furthermore, if there is an earthquake and the house is still empty, according to the provisions of the Contract Law and the mortgage contract signed by the borrower and the loan bank, the borrower is still obliged to repay the outstanding loan principal and interest. This is undoubtedly worse for those who suffered from the earthquake.
Second, what kind of building structure is the most earthquake-resistant?
1, steel structure
Seismic grade: ★★★★★★★
Features: The steel structure is mainly made of steel. Steel is characterized by high strength and light weight. At the same time, due to the homogeneity and toughness of steel materials, it can be deformed greatly, can bear dynamic loads well and has good seismic performance.
However, due to the relatively high cost of steel structure construction, its application is not very common at present. Generally, super high-rise buildings (above 100 meters) or buildings with large spans usually adopt steel structures.
2. Shear wall structure
Seismic grade: ★★★★★
Features: The shear wall adopts reinforced concrete wallboard to bear the internal force caused by various loads, and can effectively control the horizontal force of the structure. This kind of structure that uses shear wall to bear vertical and horizontal forces is called shear wall structure.
Shear wall structures are widely used in high-rise buildings (residential buildings with 10 floors and above 10 floors or buildings with a height of more than 24 meters).
3. Frame structure
Seismic grade: ★★★★
Features: The skeleton is composed of load-bearing beams and columns poured by reinforced concrete, and then assembled by residents with hollow bricks or prefabricated lightweight boards such as aerated concrete and ceramsite as partition walls. The wall mainly plays the role of sealing and isolation. Because the wall is not load-bearing, various light materials can be used.
In the frame structure, there is also a frame-shear wall structure, also called frame-shear wall structure, which is a combination of frame structure and shear wall structure, drawing on their respective strengths, which can not only provide more space for building layout, but also have good resistance. Houses with this structure have good seismic performance.
It is widely used in modern architectural design, and most of the buildings we see are frame structures.
4, brick-concrete structure
Seismic grade: ★★
Features: "Brick" in brick-concrete structure refers to a building material with uniform size, including special-shaped clay bricks and hollow bricks of other sizes. "Mixed" refers to reinforced concrete ingredients made of steel bars, cement, sand and water in a certain proportion, including floors, lintels, stairs and balconies. These fittings are combined with bearing walls made of bricks, so they are called brick-concrete structures. Brick-concrete buildings are generally multi-storey buildings (below 24 meters and below 10 floor), and their seismic performance is relatively weak.
Brick-concrete structures are generally used in multi-storey or short-span buildings. However, due to the rigidity of building structure, the wall can not be changed, and the application of frame structure and shear wall structure has become more and more common in recent years, brick-concrete structure has been rarely used in urban construction. At present, only some suburban buildings in China are brick-concrete structures.
Three or four elements of purchasing earthquake-resistant real estate
1. See if the building has an earthquake-resistant layer.
If the building is provided with an anti-seismic layer below the ground (reinforced concrete) on the first floor, the horizontal force during the earthquake can be reduced, and its anti-seismic index can be improved by 6-8 times.
2. It depends on whether the building has enough square area design.
According to the international practice, there must be some empty areas for refuge where people live. However, at present, there are no clear laws and regulations in China, and related work is still slowly advancing.
3. When buying a house, carefully check the relevant quality inspection report.
In the process of buying a house, it is the unshirkable responsibility of the developer to provide complete quality certification documents. Among them, the seismic safety performance evaluation report issued by the seismic evaluation agency, the quality inspection report of the survey unit and the approval document issued by the planning department are particularly important for the seismic performance of the survey house.
4. Choose a house built by a reputable developer and a design institute with quality assurance.
When choosing a house, the quality of commercial housing is the most difficult to grasp, and many quality problems are highlighted after moving in. Choosing a house built by a reputable developer and a design institute with quality assurance is the simplest and most effective quality assurance. When buying high-rise buildings, property buyers must choose shear wall structures.
In addition, property buyers should pay special attention not to affect the main columns and load-bearing walls when decorating or transforming houses. They must ask a professional to conduct a safety assessment before making a decision. Don't design without authorization, otherwise it is very dangerous to change the structure of the house without authorization.
(The above answers were published on 20 16-04- 18. Please refer to the actual situation for the current purchase policy. )
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