Overview of TCM
Safflower, alias: red blue, safflower, safflower, red blue flower, saffron, safflower, yellow blue, is the dried flower of Carthamus tinctorius in Compositae. Pungent and warm heart and liver meridian.
1. Used for amenorrhea due to blood stasis, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis, lochia, abdominal pain, etc., such as (Taohong Siwu Decoction) and (Honghua Decoction is needed for living).
2. Used for rheumatalgia, traumatic injury, etc. Often used with peach kernel, frankincense and myrrh, or with cinnamon, aconite and kusnezoff monkshood.
3. Used for the recovery of rash and measles, or heat stagnation and blood stasis, rash is not red, etc. It is often used in combination with Angelica sinensis, Lithospermum, Radix Isatidis and Burdock. For example, Danggui Honghua Drink.
Pharmacomorphology
This product is a tubular flower with no ovary and length of 1 ~ 2 cm. The surface is reddish yellow or red. Corolla tube slender, 5-lobed at the top, narrow lobes, 5 ~ 8 mm long; Stamens 5, anthers aggregated into a tube, yellow and white; The stigma is long and cylindrical, and the top is slightly forked. Soft. Slightly fragrant, slightly bitter.
Pharmacological identification
Safflower is more effective and can break blood and remove blood stasis; Use less and gently, it can promote blood circulation, and has the effect of removing blood stasis and promoting regeneration. Therefore, predecessors have said that "if you use too much, you will break blood, and if you use less, you will nourish blood." Because it is good at promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation, it is an important drug for promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation.
1. On the role of safflower in promoting blood circulation, promoting qi circulation, promoting blood circulation and generating blood ① Miao Xiyong: "Red and blue flowers are the main drugs for promoting blood circulation. Its main reason is that the blood after delivery is dizzy and the mouth is blocked, which is caused by evil blood and goes against the heart, so it is faint and blocked. Beware of entering the liver, the pathogenic blood will drop, dizziness and vomiting will stop. Abdominal colic, due to endless blood, stillbirth, can not go down without promoting blood circulation; Blood stasis leads to blood circulation, so it can stop colic and stillbirth. The toxin of any insect drug will harm the blood. This medicine can promote blood circulation and detoxify blood. " (Classic of Materia Medica) Ni Zhu Mo: "Safflower, a medicine for breaking blood, promotes blood circulation and regulates blood. The main fetus produces various diseases, all of which are caused by blood; Or blood troubles and dizziness, and god is shocked; Or lochia scratching the heart, umbilical cord and abdominal cramps; Or it is difficult to drain and the gap is not enough; Or the afterbirth and stillbirth are all symptoms of labor, and there is no cure without safflower. If the postpartum blood is dizzy, the mouth is "pointed"; Or evil enters the blood room, and it is crazy; Or blood swelling, stiff servant death, are all postpartum symptoms, but you can't be sure without safflower. Another example is cold and heat caused by amenorrhea, or purple and black dripping from overdue abdominal pain, or blood stasis caused by traumatic injury, or swelling and ulceration of sores, all of which are syndromes of disharmony between qi and blood, and cannot be adjusted unless safflower is used. " ("Materia Medica")
2. On the influence of dosage on the efficacy of safflower ① Zhu Danxi: "Use more blood to keep blood, and use less blood to nourish blood." ("Herbal Supplement") 2 Chen Jiamu: "Use more, break the blood and pass the classics, and the wine is wonderful; If you use it less, you will nourish your heart and blood, but it is appropriate to decoct it with water. " ("Compendium of Materia Medica") 3 Jia learned: "Safflower, which is good at dredging meridians, is a qi medicine in the blood, which can be diarrhea and tonic, and each has its own wonderful uses. If it costs more than three or four dollars, it is too pungent and warm, so that the blood is separated. If you use seven or eight points less, take its pungent taste to soothe the liver and regulate qi, red color to help the blood sea, and greatly supplement the blood deficiency, which will make the blood smooth; If two or three points are stopped, red can be put into the heart to cope with hard work, dissolve the evil fire in the heart meridian with pungent taste, reconcile qi and blood, and nourish blood. Heavy meaning, shallow and fresh. " (Drug Translation)
Application and compatibility
1. Used for amenorrhea due to blood stasis, dysmenorrhea and postpartum abdominal pain. This product is pungent, dispersing, warm, and specialized in blood, and has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and dredging collaterals. It is often used with peach kernel, Angelica sinensis and Chuanxiong. For amenorrhea, it is combined with Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Curcumae and Cortex Cinnamomi, such as Gexia Zhuyu Decoction; For dysmenorrhea, it can be combined with Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Rhizoma Corydalis and Rhizoma Cyperi to regulate qi, promote blood circulation and relieve pain. It can also be used alone, such as red and blue flower wine from Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, that is, this product can be decocted with wine to treat abdominal blood gas stabbing pain.
2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Treat accumulation with Rhizoma Sparganii and Rhizoma Curcumae; For traumatic injury, blood stasis, swelling and pain, with sappan wood, frankincense, myrrh, etc. Or use safflower tincture and safflower oil; For heart pulse stasis, chest obstruction and heartache, it is often combined with Guizhi, Trichosanthes and Danshen. This product has been used alone in modern times, combined with tablets or injections to treat coronary heart disease, which has a certain effect on relieving angina pectoris and improving ECG. Honghua injection is used to treat cerebral thrombosis and thromboangiitis obliterans: For thromboangiitis obliterans, it can also be combined with Angelica sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Olibanum and Myrrha.
3. For those with dark dark spots, heat stagnation and blood stasis, take this product to promote blood circulation and remove spots, especially crocus sativus, because of its cool nature, it has the effect of detoxifying cold dishes. It is often combined with Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Arnebiae and Folium Isatidis. To promote blood circulation, cool blood, clear heat and detoxify. For example, the angelica safflower drink of the day lily movable type book. Modern intramuscular injection of safflower injection is used to treat erythema multiforme.
pharmacological action
1. Effect on smooth muscle: The decoction has an exciting effect on the isolated uterus of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats and dogs. Intravenous injection of 0.24g/kg into the isolated uterus of dogs and other animals and the isolated intestines of the above animals makes the uterus tense and contract rhythmically, especially for the pregnant uterus.
2. Effect on cardiovascular system: For toad heart in vitro and rabbit heart in vivo, small dose of decoction can enhance myocardial contractility, while large dose can inhibit it. Water extract and safflower injection can increase the coronary flow of dogs in vivo, improve the hypoxia tolerance of mice and increase the nutritional blood flow of mice's myocardium. Water extract can obviously reduce the blood pressure of anesthetized cats and dogs.
3. Effect on blood: Carthamus tinctorius injection, decoction, crocin and crocin quinone glycoside have obvious inhibitory effects on thrombosis in rats in vitro; The decoction can inhibit platelet aggregation and blood coagulation inside and outside antibodies in rats.
4. Immune function: safflower polysaccharide can promote lymphocyte transformation, increase the number of plaques formed by spleen cells on sheep red blood cells, and resist the immunosuppressive effect of prednisolone in mice.
Chemical constituents contain red and yellow pigments, such as safflower, safflower, safflower quinone glycoside, safflower, safflower yellow A and B, etc. It also contains polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, catechol and catechol. It also contains more than 80 volatile components.
Dosage and usage: 3- 10g, decocted in water, or used as medicine.
Note that pregnant women should not use it, and those with bleeding tendency should not use it more.
Edible method
(1) salvia miltiorrhiza and safflower porridge
Materials: japonica rice150g, salvia miltiorrhiza10g, safflower 6g, sugar 25g.
Practice: fully wet salvia miltiorrhiza and cut into thin slices; Wash safflower and remove impurities; Japonica rice is washed clean. Then put the japonica rice, Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius into aluminum pot, add 800 ml of clear water and boil it with strong fire, then simmer for 35 minutes until the porridge is finished, and add sugar to taste.
Efficacy: This product has the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and dredging collaterals, and is suitable for patients with coronary heart disease with heart collateral stasis.
(2) Black bean and safflower beverage
Ingredients: 30g black beans, 6g safflower and 30g brown sugar.
Practice: Add appropriate amount of water to black beans and safflower, cook with strong fire for 4 minutes, then cook with slow fire until cooked, remove black beans and safflower, and season with brown sugar. Take 2 cups each time, twice a day.
Efficacy: promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and relieving pain.
(3) safflower wine
Ingredients: safflower 200g, low-alcohol wine 1000ml, and brown sugar.
Practice: Wash and dry safflower, put it in a clean gauze bag with brown sugar, seal the bag mouth, put it in a jar, cover the seal and soak it for 7 days before drinking. Drink 1 ~ 2 times a day, 20 ~ 30ml each time.
Efficacy: It has the functions of nourishing blood and moistening skin, promoting blood circulation and dredging menstruation, and is suitable for women with blood deficiency and blood stasis and dysmenorrhea.