antisocial personality has the following characteristics:
① Highly aggressive
It is well known that patients with antisocial personality are highly impulsive and aggressive, but some of them are not aggressive. Cleckley(1941) distinguished morbid personality into two types, one is impulsive-aggressive and the other is social withdrawal. Buydeus-Branchey et al. (1989) found that people who had violent behavior before the age of 15 were more prone to violence in adulthood than those who had no such behavior before the age of 15. They divide antisocial personality into two categories: aggressive behavior and non-aggressive behavior. The former category has the tendency of physical violence for life.
② No sense of shame
It is considered that such people have no sense of shame and lack autonomic nervous responses related to anxiety (including skin direct current response). James et al. (1983) observed the anxiety and depression of 524 antisocial personality patients and 524 non-personality disorder patients, and found that 25% of antisocial personality patients had anxiety and depression, and the incidence was not significantly different from that of the control group. James and others call those antisocial personalities with anxiety and depression "psychotic psychopathy". Compared with antisocial personality patients without anxiety, these people have the characteristics of mental dysfunction, suicidal ideation, irritability, other neurosis, long hospitalization time and poor response to treatment. They think that psychopathy with anxiety and depression may represent a special syndrome. Blackburn suggested that psychopathy can be divided into two types: anxiety and non-anxiety. The former is secondary personality change. The latter is primary psychopathy, which is equivalent to the true psychopathy of Karpman(1948).
③ unplanned behavior
The behavior of psychopaths is mostly driven by accidental motivation, emotional impulse or instinctive desire, lacking planning or premeditation. Arieti(1967) distinguished psychopathy into simple type and complex type, both of which are egocentric, but simple antisocial behavior generally lacks premeditation, while patients with complex psychopathy often have plans before things happen and can achieve the purpose of behavior. Therefore, it is not appropriate to determine the nature of the attack only by planning.
④ Social maladjustment
ICD-1(1992) thinks that antisocial personality disorder often attracts people's attention because of its obvious deviation from accepted social norms. Maladjustment is an important feature of psychopaths. Because of the lack of self-knowledge of one's own personality defects, we can't learn from experience, so this disease is a lasting and firm model to adapt to bad behavior. However, some scholars have proposed well-adapted cases. Henderson(1939) put forward creative psychopathy, and cited two cases of creativity in different ways, but the two cases had little in common with each other.