Compass, also known as compass or Luo Geng, is an instrument for measuring direction or position, and it is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. Compass, all-encompassing, latitude and longitude of heaven and earth. Compass generally consists of territory and sky disk. There are straight needles, sewing needles and middle needles on the compass; There are Pan Jiang and Pan Yang; Division of ternary disk and triple disk. Some feng shui masters use positive needles to measure the sky, while others use positive needles to make dragons; Some use sewing needles to measure the ground, and some use sewing needles to determine the sitting direction. There is no uniform regulation among various schools, and they all claim to be authentic, and they all say that they are masters of esotericism.
Compass is the main tool for geomantic master to plan, remove sand and absorb water, and arrange vertically. The quality of tools is related to the accuracy of measurement and directly affects the accuracy of vertical lofting. Therefore, feng shui masters have high requirements for compasses. To learn feng shui adjustment well, we must first know how to choose an accurate and easy-to-use compass.
The compass consists of three parts: the seabed, the inner disk and the outer disk. The quality of the three parts is closely related to the measurement accuracy of the compass.
Tianchi:
1, the round box of Tianchi should be a standard cylinder, and the positioning reticle at the bottom of Tianchi should be orthogonal, that is, at an angle of 90 degrees.
2. The thimble should be fixed at the intersection of the reticle of Tianchi and perpendicular to the bottom of Tianchi. The tip of the thimble should not be damaged. If the needle tip is damaged, the rotation of the magnetic needle will be inflexible.
3, magnetic needle must be vertical, have enough magnetism, the weight of both ends should be consistent.
4. The Tianchi cover is best made of glass. Using plexiglass or plastic as the cover is easy to generate static electricity, which has an adsorption effect on the magnetic needle and will affect the measurement accuracy.
5, cover the glass cover, inverted Tianchi, magnetic needle should be kept. When putting Tianchi into the inner plate, we should pay special attention to the alignment between the north of Tianchi line and the center of Zishan in the inner plate.
Inner disk:
1. The content of each circle on the inner disk is the main part of the Feng Shui compass. The surface of the CD should be smooth, accurate and clear.
2. The meridian of the twenty-four mountains on site should coincide with the zero degree, 180 degree, 90 degree and 270 degree of 360 degrees on Sunday, and other plates should be set according to the compass standard, and each plate should be in its place.
3. The inner and outer circles of the inner disk must be standard. After the outer disk is put in, the gap between the inner disk and the outer disk should be kept within a suitable range and the width should be appropriate. The gap is too small, the rotation is not flexible, and the gap is too large, which affects the measurement accuracy.
4, the inner ring should be slightly tight, so that the seabed is not loose. The center of the inner disk should be concentric with the seabed.
Outer disk:
1, the outer disk must be a standard square, and the four sides cannot be bent and skewed. The center of the circular groove where the inner disk is placed should be in the geometric center of the outer disk.
2. The disk surface should be smooth.
3. Tianxin 10 is the indicator line for reading the contents of each layer of the inner disk, and the four threading holes must be located at the center points of the four sides of the outer disk respectively.
4. For a compass with leveling bubbles, when the bubbles of both leveling bubbles are in the center, the magnetic needle on the seabed should be parallel to the disk surface.
The quality of compasses sold in the market varies from place to place. When buying a compass, you can choose according to the requirements detailed above.
Second, the calibration and adjustment of the outer disk:
1. Measure the four outer angles of the outer disk with a standard protractor, and check whether it is 90 degrees. If the error exceeds 0. 1 degree, it should be polished.
2. Check whether the ten lines of Tianxin are parallel to the four external lines respectively. If they are not parallel, adjust the position of threading holes properly. Check whether the four threading holes are located at the midpoints of the four outer edges respectively. If they deviate from the midpoint, reopen the hole.
3. Check whether the intersection of the Tianxin reticle is aligned with the vertex of the magnetic needle thimble.
4. Align the four endpoints of Tianxin 10 Road to 0 degrees on the inner disk Sunday, and check whether the other three endpoints point to 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees accurately. If there is any error, find out the reason in detail and adjust the position of threading hole appropriately until it is qualified.
Three, the compass storage and maintenance:
Compass is the basic tool of geomantic omen. When not in use, it should be kept in a clean, away from electromagnetic objects and slightly hidden place. When using the compass, you should pay attention to prevent the sun from exposure and rain, especially the copper compass, which is easy to accelerate the disk falling off. Wipe with a soft cloth after use. When the rotation of the inner disk is not flexible, the inner disk can be taken out and the bottom of the inner disk can be coated with paraffin.
Four, the compass instructions:
Compass is based on the principle of magnetic force, which measures the orientation of the horizon by using the principle that magnetic needles attract different poles of the geomagnetic field and the same poles repel each other. The abnormal magnetic field, the presence of magnetic substances in the measurement site, the weak magnetism of the magnetic needle, and the non-parallel magnetic lines between the magnetic needle and the geomagnetic field will all affect the measurement accuracy. Therefore, when measuring with a compass, the compass must be flat; When measuring, try to avoid magnetic substances and machines, electronic products and high-voltage lines that can generate alternating magnetic fields to avoid interference.
At the peak of sunspot activity, the earth's magnetic field will be unstable, and the magnetic field lines may swing within a few degrees. The sign of the instability of the earth's magnetic field is that the flat compass swings violently at rest, so it can't be measured at this time, until the magnetic needle is completely stationary.
When the magnetic needle is intact and the horizontal bubble of the compass is accurate, when the compass is horizontal, one side of the magnetic needle is high and the other side is low. There are two possibilities: first, there is a strong magnetic field source in the measurement site, such as magnetite or permanent magnets underground, and second, the seabed cover is a plastic cover, which generates static electricity due to friction. In this case, we should carefully find out the reasons and deal with them separately. Where there is magnetite, it is not suitable to build two houses of Yin and Yang, so we should choose another place. Due to the influence of static electricity, the measurement can be continued after eliminating static electricity.
The magnetic needle is made of permanent magnetic material. If it is used for too long, or it is placed under the action of high temperature, severe vibration and strong alternating magnetic field, the magnetism will weaken. At this time, the magnetic needle is very insensitive. The magnetic needle should be magnetized, and the polarity must be paid attention to when magnetizing, and it cannot be reversed.
Some circles on the disk are very simple, while others are very complicated. There are at least three floors and at most forty floors. Each layer has a specific meaning of words or symbols. Coastal Zhangzhou, Fujian and Guangdong Xingning, and inland Anhui and Jiangsu all have different compasses. Different schools of compasses have different arrangements of characters and symbols on each floor. This paper briefly introduces the most basic and practical 24 mountain roads. Generally speaking, the second layer of the compass shows the directions of east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest and north, among which:
Northern divination includes three words: man, son and ghost.
Northeast divination includes ugliness, gen and yin.
Oriental divination includes three roles: A, Mao and B.
Southeast hexagrams include Chen, Xun and Si.
Southern divination includes three words: C, noon and D.
Southwest Kun hexagrams include Wei, Kun and Shen.
Western hexagrams include Geng, You and Xin.
Northwest divination includes three words: garrison, dry and sea.
Twenty-four words, each accounting for 15 degrees, constitute the second layer.
General usage of compass:
(1) When measuring the direction of a fixed object:
Step 1: put the compass flat so that the edge of the compass is parallel to the edge of the measured object.
Step 2: Slide the turntable so that the tip of the magnetic needle coincides with the south latitude 180 degree character of the Tianchi base of the compass.
Step 3: Take the reading direction of the positioned reticle as the orientation of the object, which can also be called "seat".
For example, measure the direction of the furnace:
In the middle of the kitchen, put the compass flat. If the stove is made of iron, it will affect the swing of the magnetic needle, so stay away from the stove for two or three feet. Slide the turntable so that the tip of the magnetic needle coincides with Tianchi 180 degrees. Read the bearing.
(2) Place items in a fixed orientation (such as placing items in the living room):
Step 1: put the compass in the center of the living room.
Step 2: Turn the tip of the magnetic needle to make it coincide with Tianchi 180 degrees, that is, fix the north-south orientation of the magnetic needle.
Step 3: put the object to be placed on the extension line of the compass where you need it.
In ancient times, houses were mostly wooden structures, and daily necessities were mostly wooden products. Therefore, there is no need to consider the influence of iron and electrical appliances on the compass needle. In modern houses, steel bars are the skeleton, so it is often difficult to measure accurately with a compass. You can use it to make a rough measurement. It is difficult to measure accurately.